2. How does Global Mindset affect success in international business? Give one specific example. 3. Use three countries from the cultural values data in Hofstede's Country Comparison research. Apply visualization to describe their cultural values and implications for doing business in each of the three. See the example below:

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Answer 1

The cultural values have implications for doing business in each country, and it is important to understand and respect these differences to achieve success in international business.

Why will be three countries from the cultural values data in Hofstede's Country Comparison research?

Global Mindset is an important factor in achieving success in international business. It refers to an individual's ability to think and act globally, understanding and appreciating cultural differences, and being able to adapt to new and unfamiliar environments. Having a Global Mindset can help individuals to communicate effectively with people from different cultural backgrounds, navigate cultural nuances, and develop relationships that lead to successful business outcomes.

For example, consider a company based in the United States that wants to expand its operations to China. The company's leadership team may need to develop a Global Mindset by studying Chinese culture, language, and business practices. They may also need to hire local staff who can help bridge the cultural gap and facilitate communication with Chinese clients and partners. By doing so, the company can establish a strong presence in the Chinese market and build long-lasting relationships with local stakeholders.

Here are three countries from Hofstede's Country Comparison research, along with a brief description of their cultural values and implications for doing business:

a) Japan - Japan is known for its collectivist culture, which places a high value on harmony, loyalty, and respect for authority. Japanese people tend to prioritize group goals over individual ones and may be less likely to challenge authority or express their opinions openly. In a business context, it is important to establish strong relationships with Japanese clients or partners and to show respect for their customs and traditions. It may also be necessary to navigate complex hierarchies and decision-making processes.

b) Brazil - Brazil is a country with high power distance, which means that there is a significant gap between those in positions of power and those who are not. Brazilian culture also values personal relationships and a relaxed approach to time management. Doing business in Brazil may require building strong personal relationships with local stakeholders, respecting cultural differences, and being flexible with scheduling and deadlines.

c) United States - The United States is a country with a relatively low power distance, where individuals tend to value independence, individualism, and achievement. American culture also places a high value on direct communication and a focus on results. Doing business in the United States may require being concise and direct in communication, demonstrating a results-oriented mindset, and being open to taking risks and trying new things.

To visualize these cultural values, we can use Hofstede's cultural dimensions framework, which assigns a score from 0 to 100 to each country based on six cultural dimensions. These dimensions include power distance, individualism, masculinity/femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, and indulgence/restraint.

For example, Japan scores high on power distance (54) and collectivism (46), while scoring low on individualism (46). Brazil scores high on power distance (69) and indulgence (44), while scoring low on uncertainty avoidance (49). The United States scores low on power distance (40) and collectivism (91), while scoring high on individualism (91) and indulgence (68).

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Related Questions

. During an induction program, Ravi lets the new recruits know that all the senior associates in the company should be addressed as either "Sir" or "Ma’am" depending on their gender. In this scenario, Ravi is using _____. a) haptics b) proxemics c) honorific speech d) code frame switching. During an induction program, Ravi lets the new recruits know that all the senior associates in the company should be addressed as either "Sir" or "Ma’am" depending on their gender. In this scenario, Ravi is using _____. a) haptics b) proxemics c) honorific speech d) code frame switching

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In this scenario, Ravi is using honorific speech during the induction program to inform the new recruits about the appropriate way to address senior associates in the company.

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Approximately, what percentage of all mortgages are owned bygovernment agencies such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac?

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As of the first quarter of 2021, government-sponsored entities Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac owned or guaranteed approximately 45% of all outstanding mortgages in the United States, according to data from the Urban Institute.

This represents a significant share of the market and highlights the important role that these agencies play in the mortgage industry. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were created by the federal government to promote homeownership by providing liquidity to the mortgage market, and their continued presence in the market remains an important factor in ensuring the availability of affordable mortgage credit to households across the country.

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What economic considerations ( ads, promoting, promotions,soundtracks) and market research went into consideration in themovie HIGH NOON

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In the production of the movie High Noon, various economic considerations and market research played a crucial role in its success. Key considerations included advertising, promotions, and soundtracks to create a compelling and marketable film.

For advertising and promoting, the producers considered the target audience and the most effective channels to reach them. This could have involved using print media, radio, and television for ads, as well as collaborating with other entities for cross-promotions. They also might have analyzed competitor films to identify the best marketing strategies and opportunities.

Additionally, market research likely played a significant role in the development of High Noon. This would have included understanding the preferences and tastes of the target audience, as well as any ongoing trends in the movie industry. This information would have helped in making informed decisions about casting, production, and even the choice of soundtrack to enhance the overall appeal of the film.

Overall, economic considerations and market research were essential components in the success of High Noon, ensuring it resonated with audiences and stood out in the competitive movie market.

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Discuss the effects of price controls when the demand isa. Elasticb. InelasticHint: You are required to show whether there is a deadweightloss

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rice controls can create shortages and deadweight loss in both elastic and inelastic demand situations, but the extent of the shortage and deadweight loss may be greater in elastic demand cases due to the higher sensitivity of consumers to price changes.

The effects of price controls on elastic and inelastic demand, as well as discuss the presence of deadweight loss.

When demand is elastic, consumers are more sensitive to changes in price. If a price control, such as a price ceiling (maximum price allowed), is implemented below the equilibrium price, it can result in a shortage of goods. This is because producers are not willing to supply enough goods at the lower controlled price, while consumers demand more due to the lower price. In this scenario, there is a deadweight loss, as both consumer and producer surplus are not maximized.

On the other hand, when demand is inelastic, consumers are less sensitive to changes in price. If a price control, like a price ceiling, is set below the equilibrium price, it can still result in a shortage. However, the shortage is smaller compared to the case of elastic demand, as consumers are less likely to significantly increase their demand at a lower price. In this case, there is also a deadweight loss due to the inefficient allocation of resources, as the potential consumer and producer surplus are not fully realized.

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The annual percentage rate (APR) is equivalent to the stated rate of interest when the _____ is used to calculate finance charges.a. dollar cost of credit methodb. discount methodc. average loan balance methodd. double declining balance methode. simple interest method

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The annual percentage rate (APR) is equivalent to the stated rate of interest when the "dollar cost of credit method" is used to calculate finance charges. So, the correct answer is: e. simple interest method.

Credit Card APR means that the credit card Annual Percent Rate, it is grounded APR on the prime rate which means the variable interest rate is the one which changes grounded on the another rate of interest. For example, APR on the credit card could be the prime rate plus 13%, this is the interest rate on the issuer credit card charges on top of the prime rate. And the APR also based on the credit history of the person.

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Question 04: Describe and evaluate multiple methods of collecting job analysis information. Answer:

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To ensure that workers have a clear grasp of their duties and responsibilities and that the organisation is able to make informed decisions about staffing, training, and other HR-related concerns, a rigorous and comprehensive approach to job analysis is crucial.

When it comes to collecting job analysis information, there are several methods that can be used. One method is observation, which involves observing employees as they perform their job tasks. Another method is interviewing, which involves asking employees questions about their job duties and responsibilities. A third method is using questionnaires or surveys to gather information from employees about their job tasks and responsibilities.

To evaluate these methods, it is important to consider their strengths and weaknesses. Observation can provide valuable insights into how employees perform their job tasks, but it may not capture all of the details of their job duties. Interviewing can provide more detailed information about job duties and responsibilities, but it may be subject to bias or inaccuracy if employees are not forthcoming or honest in their responses. Questionnaires or surveys can provide a large amount of data quickly and efficiently, but they may not provide as much depth or detail as other methods.

Ultimately, the best approach will depend on the specific needs of the organization and the nature of the job in question. A combination of methods may be necessary to ensure that all relevant information is captured and analyzed thoroughly. Overall, a careful and thoughtful approach to job analysis is essential for ensuring that employees have a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities, and that the organization is able to make informed decisions about staffing, training, and other HR-related issues.

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What is a Device that allows its holder to buy goods and have the payment deducted from a checking account

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A device that allows its holder to buy goods and have the payment deducted from a checking account is called a debit card.

What's Debit card?

Debit cards are issued by banks and financial institutions, and they are linked to the cardholder's checking account.

When making purchases with a debit card, the payment is immediately withdrawn from the associated account, providing a convenient and secure method of payment.

Debit cards come with a unique Personal Identification Number (PIN) to ensure the security of transactions. Cardholders can use their debit cards at Point of Sale (POS) terminals, online retailers, and even to withdraw cash from Automated Teller Machines (ATMs).

Many debit cards also offer additional features, such as fraud protection and contactless payment options. Overall, debit cards are a popular, efficient, and safe way to access and manage funds in a checking account.

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Suppose output per worker is y=10k^(.05) , the saving rate is 20%, and the depreciation rate is 5%. If the amount of capital per worker is currently 10, what will it be next period?Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer.a. 10.9b. 13.4c. 15.8d. 17.3

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The correct answer is option a: 10.9

To calculate the amount of capital per worker in the next period, we need to use the formula:
k' = s*y + (1 - δ)*k

where k' is the amount of capital per worker in the next period, s is the saving rate, y is the output per worker, δ is the depreciation rate, and k is the amount of capital per worker in the current period.

Plugging in the values given:
s = 0.2
y = 10k^(0.05) = 10*10^(0.05) = 10*1.221 = 12.21
δ = 0.05
k = 10

k' = 0.2*12.21 + (1 - 0.05)*10
k' = 2.442 + 9.5
k' = 11.942

Therefore, the amount of capital per worker in the next period will be approximately 11.9, or option a. 10.9 (rounded to one decimal place).

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what happens to the outstanding shares of the target firm when the acquirer purchases 100% of the target's outstanding stock?

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When an acquirer purchases 100% of target's outstanding stock, the outstanding shares of the target firm will no longer exist as a separate entity.

What is a stock?

A stock, also known as share or equity, represents unit of ownership in company. When a company issues stocks, it essentially divides ownership of the company into many smaller pieces, with each piece representing a share. People can buy and sell these shares on stock exchanges like the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) or the NASDAQ, and their value fluctuates based on various factors, including company's financial performance, economic conditions, and the investor sentiment. Owning stocks can be a way for individuals to invest in the growth potential of a company and potentially earn returns in the form of dividends or capital gains. However, investing in stocks also carries risks and it's important to carefully research and consider investment decisions.

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Question 1 8 Points Use the Supply and Demand model to answer the questions for each of the following examples. These examples require that both supply and demand shift at the same time: Market for Office Furniture • A global pandemic forces people to work from home. The government shuts down business for non essential businesses which includes furniture manufacturers. . 1. Supply Shift (increase or decrease): Blank 1 2. Demand Shift (increase or decrease): Blank 2 3. Price (increase, decrease, indeterminate): Blank 3 4. Quantity (increase, decrease, indeterminate): Blank 4 Marker for Electricity Generators • It is hurricane season and weather forecasts predict a series of category 5 hurricanes hitting our area. New technology has allowed prices on parts needed to build electricity generators to decrease. 1. Supply Shift (increase or decrease): Blank 5 2. Demand Shift (increase or decrease): Blank 6 3. Price (increase, decrease, indeterminate): Blank 7 4. Quantity (increase, decrease, indeterminate):

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For the Market for Office Furniture:

Supply Shift : Decrease, Demand Shift : Decrease, Price : Indeterminate, Quantity : Decrease

The global pandemic and government shutdowns have decreased the supply of office furniture as non-essential businesses, including furniture manufacturers, are forced to close. At the same time, the demand for office furniture has also decreased as people are now working from home. The resulting effect on price is indeterminate, as the decrease in both supply and demand could either cause prices to increase or decrease depending on the magnitude of the shifts.

However, the quantity of office furniture sold will decrease due to the combined decrease in supply and demand.

For the Market for Electricity Generators:

1. Supply Shift : Increase, Demand Shift : Increase , Price: Indeterminate, Quantity : Increase

The hurricane season and the threat of category 5 hurricanes hitting the area has increased the demand for electricity generators as people prepare for power outages. At the same time, new technology has allowed prices on parts needed to build electricity generators to decrease, resulting in an increase in supply. The resulting effect on price is again indeterminate, as the increase in both supply and demand could either cause prices to increase or decrease depending on the magnitude of the shifts.

However, the quantity of electricity generators sold will increase due to the combined increase in supply and demand.

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______ is an economic method of policy analysis that studies the investment needed to enact a policy relative to the expected monetary benefits (in terms of savings or revenues it generates).

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Cost-benefit analysis is an economic method of policy analysis that studies the investment needed to enact a policy relative to the expected monetary benefits (in terms of savings or revenues it generates).

It is used to evaluate the net economic impact of a proposed policy or project, by comparing the costs associated with implementing the policy against the expected benefits or gains that would result from its implementation.

Cost-benefit analysis is commonly used by governments, businesses, and other organizations to help make informed decisions about whether or not to pursue a particular policy or project.

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Who is not allowed to be the lead negotiator on procurement negotiations?

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The principal negotiator for procurements may not be the project manager. During talks, the project manager and other team members may be present to offer support and, if necessary, to add explanations regarding the project's technical, quality, and management needs.

Professionals interact with one another during procurement negotiations to develop mutually beneficial contract conditions. Price, payment, delivery date, and timeframe are usually topics of conversation between the two parties.

In negotiations, two or more parties come to an agreement on a final outcome that is acceptable to all sides. A position will be put out by one side, and the other will either accept the terms or respond with a different viewpoint.

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Explain with illustrations and examples how Customary Law is Law inZambia.

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Customary Law is a set of rules, practices, and traditions that are recognized and enforced by the courts in Zambia.

It is based on the customs and traditions of the various ethnic groups that make up the country. Customary Law is considered a form of common law, and it is applicable in cases involving family matters, property disputes, and inheritance.

One example of Customary Law in Zambia is the practice of Lobola or bride price. This is a traditional practice in which a man must pay a certain amount of money or goods to the family of his bride before they can be married. This practice is recognized and enforced by the courts in Zambia, and failure to pay Lobola can result in legal action.

Another example of Customary Law in Zambia is the practice of Chieftaincy. Traditional leaders, known as chiefs, are recognized by the government and have authority over their communities. They are responsible for resolving disputes and maintaining order in their communities, and their decisions are recognized and enforced by the courts.

In conclusion, Customary Law is an important part of the legal system in Zambia, and it plays a significant role in resolving disputes and maintaining social order. It is recognized and enforced by the courts, and its practices and traditions are deeply ingrained in the country's culture and history.

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Suppose that the nominal tariff ute on an imported final product is 0.10, while the ratio of the value of Imported input to the value of the finished product is 0.68, and the nominal tarif rate on the imported input is 0.02 calculate the effective rate of protection LOW ming government increases the nominal tarif rate on the imported input to 0.07 unto the new effective rate of protection suring you are the lead room of a Tradie Policy Team that seeks to bolster domestic production of the final good that uses the imported input in question based on your awwers in and which nominalate on the imported input will you suggest to your own. Briefly explain your answer.

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Increasing the nominal tariff rate on the imported input from 0.02 to 0.07 results in a significant increase in the ERP from 19% to 33%, indicating greater protection for domestic producers.

The effective rate of protection (ERP) measures the impact of trade policy on the domestic production of a final product. It is calculated by taking into account the nominal tariff rates on both the imported final product and its inputs.

In this case, the nominal tariff rate on the imported final product is 0.10, and the ratio of the value of imported input to the value of the finished product is 0.68. The nominal tariff rate on the imported input is 0.02.

To calculate the initial ERP, we use the formula:

ERP = (1 + τf) / (1 - τi * β

where τf is the nominal tariff rate on the imported final product, τi is the nominal tariff rate on the imported input, and β is the ratio of the value of imported input to the value of the finished product. Substituting the values, we get:

ERP = (1 + 0.10) / (1 - 0.02 * 0.68) = 1.19

This means that the initial ERP is 19%.

If the nominal tariff rate on the imported input is increased to 0.07, the new ERP can be calculated as:

ERP = (1 + 0.10) / (1 - 0.07 * 0.68) = 1.33

This means that the new ERP is 33%.

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The purpose of the obtain/build value chain activity is to ensure:

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The purpose of the obtain/build value chain activity is to ensure that an organization has the necessary resources, materials, and capabilities to produce its products or services.

This activity involves both obtaining resources from external suppliers and building internal capabilities through investments in technology, infrastructure, and human resources.

By obtaining and building resources and capabilities, an organization can ensure that it has a reliable supply chain and the ability to produce high-quality products or services efficiently. This activity also helps organizations to stay competitive by keeping up with technological advancements and continuously improving their operations.

The obtain/build activity is a critical part of the value chain as it lays the foundation for the subsequent value chain activities such as production, marketing, and distribution. Without adequate resources and capabilities, an organization may struggle to meet customer demands, stay competitive in the marketplace, and achieve its strategic objectives.

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29. J&J Enterprises wants to issue 20-year, $1,000 face value zero-coupon bonds. If each bond is to yield 7%, what is the minimum number of bonds J&J must sell if they wish to raise $5 million from the sale? (Ignore issuance costs.) A) 17,290 B) 19,349 C) 20,164 D) 23,880 E) 26,159

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Therefore, the minimum number of bonds J&J must sell to raise $5 million from the sale is 31,093. However, none of the answer choices match this result. The closest answer choice is E) 26,159, which is off by about 15%. It's possible that there is a typo or error in the problem, or that the answer choices are rounded.

To solve this problem, we need to use the formula for the present value of a zero-coupon bond:
[tex]PV= FV/ (1+r)^{t}[/tex]

Where PV is the present value of the bond, FV is the face value of the bond, r is the yield, and t is the time to maturity in years.

We know that J&J wants to raise $5 million from the sale of these bonds, so we can set up an equation to solve for the number of bonds they need to sell:

PV x Number of Bonds = $5,000,000

We can rearrange the formula for PV to solve for the number of bonds:

Number of Bonds = $5,000,000 / PV

To find PV, we need to plug in the values we know:

FV = $1,000
r = 7% = 0.07
t = 20 years

[tex]PV = $1,000 / (1 + 0.07)^20 = $160.72[/tex]

Now we can solve for the number of bonds:

Number of Bonds = $5,000,000 / $160.72 = 31,093

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Question 3 0/2 pts According to Lawrence and Weber, the instrumental argument says stakeholder management is A more realistic description of how companies really work. Determined by the amount of stock owned in the firm. Ethicaly the right thing to do. More effective as a corporate strategy.

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The instrumental justification for stakeholder management, according to Lawrence and Weber, claims that managing stakeholders is more successful as a corporate strategy.

Explain Lawrence and Weber management.

This argument contends that businesses can build long-term value, improve their reputation, and lower the likelihood of unfavourable events by taking into account the demands and interests of all parties, including employees, clients, suppliers, communities, and shareholders. Because that businesses function inside a complicated web of relationships with different stakeholders, this method is thought to be a more accurate representation of how businesses actually operate. There is also the argument that considering the interests of all parties involved is morally correct and will ultimately improve financial results. Stakeholder management is therefore supported by the instrumental argument as a tactical strategy that is both ethical and practical.

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Aman bought a machine for $ 535705 six years ago. It has a salvage value of $ 36957 four years from now. He sold it now for $ 46847. What is the sunk cost or the value of the machine that the man lost if the depreciation method used is a Sum of the Years' Digit method?

Answers

The sunk cost or the value of the machine that the man lost using the Sum of the Years' Digit depreciation method is $115,826.13.

How to calculate the sunk cost using the Sum of the Years' Digit depreciation method?

To calculate the sunk cost using the Sum of the Years' Digit method, we need to determine the total depreciation of the machine over the period of its use. The Sum of the Years' Digit method is an accelerated depreciation method, where the depreciation expense decreases over time.

The depreciation rate for each year is calculated as follows:

Year 1: 10/55 = 0.1818

Year 2: 9/55 = 0.1636

Year 3: 8/55 = 0.1455

Year 4: 7/55 = 0.1273

Year 5: 6/55 = 0.1091

Year 6: 5/55 = 0.0909

Year 7: 4/55 = 0.0727

Year 8: 3/55 = 0.0545

Year 9: 2/55 = 0.0364

Year 10: 1/55 = 0.0182

The depreciation expense for each year is calculated by multiplying the depreciation rate by the initial cost of the machine, which is $535,705.

Year 1: 0.1818 x $535,705 = $97,417.73

Year 2: 0.1636 x $535,705 = $87,514.05

Year 3: 0.1455 x $535,705 = $77,610.38

Year 4: 0.1273 x $535,705 = $67,706.70

Year 5: 0.1091 x $535,705 = $57,803.03

Year 6: 0.0909 x $535,705 = $47,899.35

Year 7: 0.0727 x $535,705 = $37,995.68

Year 8: 0.0545 x $535,705 = $28,092.00

Year 9: 0.0364 x $535,705 = $18,188.33

Year 10: 0.0182 x $535,705 = $9,094.65

The total depreciation expense over the useful life of the machine is the sum of the depreciation expense for each year:

Total depreciation = $97,417.73 + $87,514.05 + $77,610.38 + $67,706.70 + $57,803.03 + $47,899.35 + $37,995.68 + $28,092.00 + $18,188.33 + $9,094.65

Total depreciation = $582,921.87

Finally, the sunk cost or the value of the machine that the man lost is the difference between the initial cost of the machine and the salvage value at the end of its useful life, minus the amount received from selling the machine now: Sunk cost = $535,705 - $36,957 - $582,921. So sunk cost using the Sum of the Years' Digit depreciation method is $115,826.13.

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A recent study by economists at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York estimates that over the period from 1970 to 2013, the average college graduate earned more per year than the average person who had only a high school degree. $5,750 13,275 O $23,500 $44,400

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According to a research done by economists at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, between 1970 and 2013, the average college graduate made more money annually than the typical person with only a high school diploma.

The study conducted by economists at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York found that over the period from 1970 to 2013, the average college graduate earned more per year than the average person who had only a high school degree. The difference in earnings was significant, with college graduates earning an average of $23,500 more per year than those with just a high school degree. This highlights the importance of pursuing higher education in terms of potential earning power.

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Ending inventory for the current accounting period is overstated by $2,700. What effect will this error have on the Cost of goods sold and Net income?
A. Cost of goods sold Understated; Net income Overstated.
B. Cost of goods sold Overstated; Net income Overstated.
C. Cost of goods sold Understated; Net income Understated.
D. Cost of goods sold Overstated; Net income Understated.

Answers

The error of overstating the ending inventory by $2,700 will have the cost of goods sold Overstated; Net income Understated effect on the cost of goods sold and net income. Option D is correct.

An error in overstating the ending inventory means that the cost of goods sold will be understated by the same amount, which will result in an overstatement of the gross profit and net income.

To calculate net income, gross profit (sales minus cost of goods sold) is subtracted from operating expenses and other income or gains. If the cost of goods sold is understated, the gross profit will be overstated, and subsequently, the net income will also be overstated.

Therefore, an error of overstating the ending inventory will lead to an overstatement of the gross profit and net income. So, the correct option is D.

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Entrepreneurs create new products and new production methods, which are sources of technological progress. a. True b. False

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The statement "Entrepreneurs create new products and new production methods, which are sources of technological progress" is true because entrepreneurs are known for their innovative and creative thinking, and they are often the driving force behind the introduction of new products and production methods.

By identifying unmet needs or opportunities in the market and developing novel solutions to address them, entrepreneurs can spur technological progress and contribute to economic growth. This is especially true in industries such as technology and healthcare, where breakthroughs in product development and production methods can have significant impacts on society.

Therefore, entrepreneurs are often seen as key drivers of technological progress and innovation.

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if a firm increases its activity level, group of answer choices all costs will rise. some costs will change, others will remain the same. all costs should remain the same. no costs will remain the same in total.

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When a firm increases its activity level, the costs associated with that activity will rise. This is because the increased activity requires additional resources, including labor, materials, and machines.

Some of these costs may remain the same, depending on the type of activity taking place. For example, if the activity is related to marketing, the cost of advertising may stay the same, but the cost of materials used to produce the marketing materials may increase.

However, in total, no costs will remain the same as the increased activity level will require additional resources to be used. Thus, the total costs of the activity will always increase when the activity level is increased.

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Alex decided to stop watching squirrels and open a squirrel pet store. She took $100,000 out of her saving, that was earning 20% interest each year, to buy a store location. Over the course of the year, she spent $4,000 on ski masks, $5,000 on nets, and $1,000 on coffee. She made $40,000 in total revenue. She paid herself $5,000. Calculate economic profit. Round to 2 decimal points. Do NOT include $ . - %

Answers

To calculate economic profit, we need to subtract all of Alex's expenses (including the opportunity cost of not earning interest on her savings) from her total revenue.

An economic profit is the difference between the revenue received from sales and the explicit costs of producing its goods and services, as well as any opportunity costs.

Opportunity cost of using savings: $100,000 * 20% = $20,000

Expenses: $4,000 + $5,000 + $1,000 + $5,000 (paid to herself) + $20,000 (opportunity cost) = $35,000

Total revenue: $40,000

Economic profit: $40,000 - $35,000 = $5,000

Therefore, Alex's economic profit for the year was $5,000.

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Classify each of these transactions as an asset, a liability, or neither for each of the "players" in the money supply process-the federal reserve, banks, and depositors. a. You get a $10,000 loan from the bank to buy an automobile. b. You deposit $400 into your checking account at the local bank.c. The Fed provides an emergency loan to a bank for $1,000,000. d. A bank borrows $500,000 in overnight loans from another bank. e. You use your debit card to purchase a meal at a restaurant for $100.

Answers

To classify these transactions for each of the "players" in the money supply process: the Federal Reserve, banks, and depositors.

a. You get a $10,000 loan from the bank to buy an automobile.
- Federal Reserve: Neither
- Banks: Asset (loan receivable)
- Depositors: Liability (loan payable)

b. You deposit $400 into your checking account at the local bank.
- Federal Reserve: Neither
- Banks: Liability (customer deposits)
- Depositors: Asset (checking account balance)

c. The Fed provides an emergency loan to a bank for $1,000,000.
- Federal Reserve: Asset (loan receivable)
- Banks: Liability (loan payable)
- Depositors: Neither

d. A bank borrows $500,000 in overnight loans from another bank.
- Federal Reserve: Neither
- Banks: Both Asset (loan receivable for the lending bank) and Liability (loan payable for the borrowing bank)
- Depositors: Neither

e. You use your debit card to purchase a meal at a restaurant for $100.
- Federal Reserve: Neither
- Banks: Neither (the bank is just facilitating the transaction)
- Depositors: Asset reduction (decrease in checking account balance by $100)

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7. If the Central Bank wants to close this gap by changing the Money Supply in circulation, how much does the MS need to change to close this gap? What is the new interest rate? Show your work. [4 points) 8. Suppose instead that the Central Bank wants to reduce the money supply by raising reserve requirements instead. How much does it need to raise the reserve requirements to close this gap? Show your work. [3 points] For the purposes of the next questions, the First MD Curve is as before: MD = 20,000 - 1,0001 And the Second MD curve a new MD curve: MD 20,000 - 4001 In the case of the Second MD curve, also assume that the Money Supply begins at 15,200. (50 we start at the same interest rate in each case).9. With the Second MD Curve, would the Central Bank need to change the Money Supply by more or less than it would with the First MD Curve if it wanted to close this inflationary gap? Explain your answer. [2 points] 10. Which of the two curves would Keynesians believe is more likely to be the case? Which is more in line with the monetarist point of view? Explain your answer. [2 points]

Answers

The new interest rate is 30% also the central bank needs to raise the reserve ratio by 11.9 percentage points to close the gap.

To close the inflationary gap of 1,200, the central bank needs to reduce the money supply. Using the equation of exchange, we can calculate the required change in the money supply as:

MV = PY

Where M is the money supply, V is the velocity of money, P is the price level, and Y is the real GDP. Assuming velocity and real GDP remain constant, we can write:

ΔM = ΔP × Y / V

ΔP is the change in the price level, which is equal to the inflationary gap divided by the initial price level:

ΔP = 1,200 / 20,000 = 0.06

Plugging in the numbers, we get:

ΔM = 0.06 × 20,000 / 5 = 240

Therefore, the central bank needs to reduce the money supply by $240 billion to close the inflationary gap.

To find the new interest rate, we can use the equation of the demand for money:

M d = k × Y - h × i

Where Md is the demand for money, Y is the real GDP, i is the interest rate, and k and h are constants. Assuming real GDP and the parameters k and h remain constant, we can solve for the new interest rate

M d = M s

k × Y - h × i1 = M s

k × Y - h × i2 = M s - 240

Subtracting the second equation from the first, we get:

h × (i2 - i1) = 240

i2 - i1 = 240 / h

Plugging in the numbers, we get:

i2 - 0.06 = 240 / 1,000 = 0.24

i2 = 0.30

Therefore, the new interest rate is 30%.

If the central bank wants to close the gap by raising reserve requirements, it needs to increase the reserve ratio by an amount that reduces the money supply by $240 billion. Assuming an initial reserve ratio of 10%, we can solve for the new reserve ratio as:

ΔM / (1 - R2) = M × ΔR / (1 - R1)

Where R1 is the initial reserve ratio, R2 is the new reserve ratio, and ΔR is the change in the reserve ratio. Plugging in the numbers, we get:

240 / (1 - R2) = 2,400 × ΔR / (1 - 0.1)

ΔR = (1 - 0.1) × 240 / (2,400 - 240 × 0.1) = 0.119

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1.) How might you try to fix various balance of paymentsproblems? (Be sure to discuss current account, capital account,currency policy, monetary and fiscal policy2.) Which set of policy solutions would you favor and why? What would be the pros and cons of your decision

Answers

The main answer is that various balance of payments problems can be addressed through policies such as adjustments in the current account, capital account, currency policy, monetary and fiscal policy.

To address current account imbalances, countries can encourage exports and discourage imports through measures such as tariffs, subsidies, and quotas. Capital account imbalances can be addressed by attracting foreign investment or limiting capital outflows. Currency policy can be used to influence exchange rates and improve competitiveness in international trade. Monetary policy and fiscal policy can be used to address imbalances in the domestic economy and stabilize the overall economy.

The set of policy solutions that would be favored depends on the specific balance of payments problems faced by a country. The pros and cons of the decision would also depend on the specific policy measures implemented. For example, tariffs and subsidies can protect domestic industries and create jobs but can also lead to higher prices and lower quality goods. Monetary and fiscal policies can stimulate economic growth but can also lead to inflation and higher debt levels.

In general, a balanced approach that takes into account the specific circumstances of each country would be the most effective in addressing balance of payments problems. This could involve a combination of measures such as trade agreements, investment incentives, and macroeconomic policies to support economic growth while maintaining stability in the overall economy.

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How does the "Cool Water" case study illustrate the concepts ofinteriority and exteriority? Provide examples from the casestudy.

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The "Cool Water" case study illustrates the concepts of interiority and exteriority through its exploration of personal experiences and the external environment.

Interiority refers to an individual's inner thoughts, feelings, and emotions, while exteriority represents the external factors, circumstances, and influences that affect an individual. In the "Cool Water" case study, interiority is exemplified through the individual's personal experiences and emotional connections with the product. For instance, the feelings of freshness, relaxation, and rejuvenation that one experiences when using the "Cool Water" product demonstrate the interior aspects of their interaction with the product.

On the other hand, exteriority is illustrated through the external factors that influence the individual's perception and use of the product. This could include factors such as marketing, social influences, and cultural expectations. For example, the advertisement campaigns for "Cool Water" may emphasize its refreshing and invigorating qualities, which can create an external perception of the product that shapes the individual's experiences.

In conclusion, the "Cool Water" case study demonstrates the interplay between interiority and exteriority through the individual's personal experiences with the product and the external factors that shape their perception and use of it.

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Short Answers9) One of the major predictions for the oil market for the near future was, increase in the input costs, as the extraction of oil was expected to become increasingly more difficult and increase in dem

Answers

The prediction for the oil market for the near future was an increase in input costs due to the increasing difficulty in oil extraction and an increase in demand.

Oil extraction has become increasingly difficult and expensive as it requires more advanced technologies, and oil reserves are located in remote and challenging locations.

At the same time, global demand for oil has been steadily increasing due to population growth and economic development. These factors have contributed to an increase in the input costs of oil production, which includes exploration, drilling, and transportation costs.

As a result, the price of oil has also been increasing, which affects many industries that rely on oil, including transportation, manufacturing, and energy.

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(Grim trigger strategies in a general Prisoner's Dilemma) Find the condition on the discount factor d under which the strategy pair in which each player uses the grim trigger strategy is a Nash equilibrium of the infinitely re- peated game of the Prisoner's Dilemma in Figure 431.1. C DC x,x 0,yD y,0 1,1Figure 431.1 A general Prisoner's Dilemma. The parameters x and y satisfy 1

Answers

In an infinitely repeated Prisoner's Dilemma with the grim trigger strategy, a Nash equilibrium occurs when each player uses the grim trigger strategy and the discount factor d meets a specific condition.

The grim trigger strategy implies that a player will cooperate until the opponent defects, after which the player will defect indefinitely.

The condition for the discount factor d in this scenario is:

d ≥ (y - x) / (1 - x)

Here, x and y are the payoffs in the general Prisoner's Dilemma, satisfying x < y and x, y < 1. The discount factor d represents the weight players place on future payoffs compared to present payoffs.

If this condition is met, both players using the grim trigger strategy will form a Nash equilibrium in the infinitely repeated Prisoner's Dilemma.

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10. Describe how each of the following can affect the money supply: (a) the central bank; (b) banks; and (c) depositors.

Answers

(a) The central bank can affect the money supply by implementing monetary policies such as open market operations, reserve requirements, and discount rates. By buying or selling government securities, changing reserve requirements or adjusting the discount rate, the central bank can increase or decrease the money supply in the economy.

(b) Banks can affect the money supply by creating new money through the process of lending. When banks lend money, they create new deposits in the borrower's account, which increases the money supply. Conversely, when banks receive loan repayments, the money supply decreases.

(c) Depositors can affect the money supply by deciding how much money to hold in their bank accounts versus how much to hold in cash or other assets. When depositors withdraw money from their bank accounts, the money supply decreases. Conversely, when depositors deposit money into their bank accounts, the money supply increases.

Overall, the money supply is a complex and dynamic concept that can be affected by a range of factors, including the actions of central banks, banks, and depositors. Understanding the impact of each of these factors on the money supply is critical for policymakers and investors seeking to make informed decisions about the economy.

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