A cross between two F1 pink dahlia yields plants with 9 varieties of flower color. This is an example of co-dominance.
What is F1 pink dahlia yields plants?
The term "F1 pink dahlia" refers to the first generation of a cross between two different pink dahlia plants, which are known as the parental generation or P generation. When the P generation plants are crossed, their offspring are referred to as the F1 generation. The F1 generation will have a combination of genetic traits inherited from both parental plants.
Co-dominance is a type of inheritance pattern where both alleles of a gene are expressed equally in the phenotype of the individual. In the case of the pink dahlias, the two F1 parents each had a different allele that contributed to the color of the flower. When these two alleles were combined in the offspring, both were expressed equally, resulting in a range of flower colors that exhibited characteristics of both parental alleles. This produced 9 varieties of flower color in the offspring, indicating a co-dominant inheritance pattern.
Complete dominance occurs when one allele completely masks the expression of the other allele in the heterozygous individual, resulting in only one phenotype being expressed. Incomplete dominance occurs when neither allele is completely dominant over the other, resulting in a blending of phenotypes in the heterozygous individual.
Polygenic inheritance occurs when a trait is controlled by multiple genes, each contributing a small effect to the phenotype. Linkage occurs when two or more genes are physically located close together on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together.
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which of the following is the general term for the chemical substances that are secreted by the endocrine glands?
The general term for the chemical substances that are secreted by the endocrine glands is "hormones".
A fossil is found by carbon-14 dating to be about 28,650 years old. How many half-lives has it undergone? SHOW YOUR WORK.
This means that the fossil has undergone 5 half-lives of carbon-14.
How to determine how many half-lives the fossil has undergone
First we can divide the age of the fossil by the half-life of carbon-14 and then round to the nearest whole number.
Dividing the age of the fossil by the half-life of carbon-14 gives us:
28,650 years / 5,700 years = 5
This means that the fossil has undergone 5 half-lives of carbon-14.
To verify this, we can calculate the amount of carbon-14 remaining in the fossil after 5 half-lives. Each half-life reduces the amount of carbon-14 by half, so after 5 half-lives, the amount of carbon-14 remaining is:
(1/2)^5 = 1/32
This means that the fossil has only 1/32 of the original amount of carbon-14 that it had when it was first alive. This is consistent with a fossil that is approximately 28,650 years old.
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put the following in order. beginning with the lungs and including all valves, identify the path that blood flows into the heart, out to the body, and returned to the heart.
The order is: lungs → right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary valve → pulmonary artery → lungs (for gas exchange) → pulmonary veins → left atrium → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve → aorta → body → superior and inferior vena cava → right atrium.
What is blood flows?
Blood flow refers to the movement of blood through the circulatory system, which includes the heart, blood vessels, and the organs and tissues that receive blood. Blood flow is critical for the proper functioning of the body, as it delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste products like carbon dioxide. Blood flows as a result of the pumping action of the heart, which creates pressure that drives the movement of blood through the arteries, capillaries, and veins.
Blood flows into the heart, out to the body, and returned to the heart:
Blood enters the right atrium of the heart from the body via the superior and inferior vena cava.The right atrium contracts, pumping blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.The right ventricle contracts, pumping blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery.The pulmonary artery carries the blood to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.Oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins, entering the left atrium.The left atrium contracts, pumping blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle.The left ventricle contracts, pumping blood through the aortic valve into the aorta.The aorta carries the oxygenated blood to the rest of the body, delivering nutrients and oxygen to cells and tissues.Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart via the superior and inferior vena cava, and the cycle starts again.So the order is: lungs → right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary valve → pulmonary artery → lungs (for gas exchange) → pulmonary veins → left atrium → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve → aorta → body → superior and inferior vena cava → right atrium.
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Write a 3 paragraph (4-5 sentences per paragraph) “persuasive essay” to convince your reader
that Rosalind Franklin was not robbed of the Nobel Prize
Predict what would happen to the cells of the epidermis if blood vessels in the dermis constricted and decreased blood flow for several hours?
O if the blood vessels of the dermis constricted and decreased blood flow for several hours, the epidermis would not receive adequate nutrients and oxygen, which could cause damage and cell death.O he skin would feel cold, because it would lack the heat from the bloodO difficulty regulating body temp. and fluid homeostasis, increased risk of infection and harm from the environment, and decreased or abnormal sensation due to nerve damageO The wound runs perpendicular to the tension lines in the anterior forearm and is more likely to scar because of it.
If the blood vessels of the dermis constricted and decreased blood flow for several hours, the epidermis would not receive adequate nutrients and oxygen, which could cause damage and cell death.
FunctionLoose areolar connective tissue makes up the dermis' papillary area. Its papillae, which resemble fingerlike projections and extend toward the epidermis and contain terminal networks of blood capillaries, gave rise to the name of the structure.Heat loss increases when blood vessels in the dermis widen because more heated blood flows from deeper tissues to the surface.Stratified squamous epithelial tissue makes up the epidermis, which is the skin's outermost layer. So, does the epidermis include blood vessels? Nope. Since epithelial tissue lacks blood vessels, it is epithelium.The stratum corneum, which is the epidermis' topmost layer, is made up of corneocytes, or dead, dried-out cells, arranged in a brick-and-mortar pattern.For more information on epidermis kindly visit to
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Which of the following oxygen classifications contain organisms incapable of causing disease in humans?
Choose one:
A. strict aerobe
B. strict anaerobe
C. facultative anaerobe
D. All classifications contain some organisms capable of causing disease.
All oxygen classifications contain some organisms capable of causing disease hence, option D is correct
What do you mean by oxygen classifications?
In biology, oxygen can be classified in different ways depending on the context. Here are a few possible classifications:
Elemental oxygen: This refers to the pure form of oxygen, which is a colorless, odorless gas with the chemical symbol O2.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS): These are chemically reactive molecules containing oxygen that can damage cells and contribute to aging and disease. Examples of ROS include hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radical
Therefore, All oxygen classifications contain some organisms capable of causing disease hence, option D is correct
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osmosis is the process by which a solvent moves through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration.
Answer:
Explanation:
Your statement is almost correct. Osmosis is the process by which a solvent, such as water, moves through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration until equilibrium is reached. This movement of water is driven by the concentration gradient of the solutes on either side of the membrane.
In other words, the solvent (water) will move from an area of lower solute concentration (i.e., where there are fewer dissolved particles) to an area of higher solute concentration (i.e., where there are more dissolved particles), in order to equalize the concentration on both sides of the membrane. This process is important for many biological and chemical systems, including the movement of water and nutrients across cell membranes in living organisms.
FILL IN THE BLANK Sometimes, older xylem cells lose their ability to conduct water when the protoplasts of adjacent parenchyma cells protrude into the xylem. These protrusions, or _______ create a spot where resins and tannins accumulate.
Sometimes, older xylem cells lose their ability to conduct water when the protoplasts of adjacent parenchyma cells protrude into the xylem. These protrusions, or Vascular cambium create a spot where resins and tannins accumulate.
What is Vascular cambium?Vascular cambium continues to divide, and cells of its inner surface differentiate to form additional secondary xylem cells.
The xylem tracheary elements comprises cells called tracheids and vessel members, both of which are usually hollow, normal, and elongated.
Therefore, the tracheids are less unique in comparison to the vessel members and are the only kind of water-conducting cells in the majority of gymnosperms and seedless vascular plants.
Therefore, Vascular cambium create a spot where resins and tannins accumulate.
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A scientist runs an electric current along a wire. A magnetic compass is placed near the wire. The scientist observes that whenever the current is turned on, the compass needle moves. Why does the compass needle move?.
The reason behind this is the magnetic force due to current. Whenever current flows from any conductor it creates a magnetic field around the conductor this is due to the movement of charges inside the conductor.
The needle of a magnetic compass shows deflection when kept nearby a wire carrying current as the wire behaves like a magnet.
The current flowing in the wire gives rise to a magnetic field around it which exerts a force on the compass needle (which itself is a tiny magnet) kept nearby and deflects it.
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Which one of the following statements is true of economics?
Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.
Answer choices
It does not overlap with ecosystem services.
It is the study of how scarce resources are allocated.
It is not a social science.
It is the study of money.
It is the study of how scarce resources are allocated.
hromosomal mutations occur when long segments of dna are deleted, inserted inverted or moved to another location. in many cases these sections of mutated dna are removed and replaced with normal sections before cell division begins. however, sometimes mutations can often cause profound changes such as in down's syndrome and duchenne muscular dystrophy. which of the following illustrations depicts a chromosomal translocation mutation?
Before cell division starts, these defective DNA regions are frequently replaced with healthy ones.
The correct option is B.
What is mutation and examples?A mutation is an alterations that occur in the sequence of our DNA as a consequence of errors made during DNA replication or environmental influences like UV radiation and cigarette smoke.
Do mutations pose a threat?While the majority of mutations are advantageous, some can be harmful. A risky mutation could result in a genetic disorder or a malignant condition. Another sort of mutation is a chromosomal one. Chromosomes, which are little, threadlike organelles present in the cell nucleus, carry genes.
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The complete question is -
Which of the following illustrations depicts a chromosomal translocation mutation?
A-Chromosomal mutations occur when long segments of DNA are deleted, inserted inverted or moved to another location.
B-In many cases these sections of mutated DNA are removed and replaced with normal sections before cell division begins.
C-However, sometimes mutations can often cause profound changes such as in down's syndrome and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
An advantage of [blank] is that a genetic disorder in a parent might not affect the offspring.
An advantage of Sexual reproduction is that a genetic disorder in a parent might not affect the offspring.
What is offspring?
Offspring is a term used to refer to the immediate descendants of a person, animal, or plant. It can also refer to future generations of a family. In general, offspring refers to the children of a parent or parents, but can also refer to the progeny of any organism, such as a plant or animal.
During sexual reproduction, offspring receive genetic material from both parents. By combining the genetic information from both parents, the offspring will have a unique combination of genetic material that may not include any disorder present in either parent. This means that even if one parent has a genetic disorder, the offspring may not inherit the disorder from that parent. As a result, sexual reproduction allows for the possibility of genetic diversity and the avoidance of genetic disorders that may be present in one or both parents.
Therefore, Sexual reproduction is the answer.
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The function of mitochondria and chloroplasts is related to energy.I’m what way does their function differ
The "powerhouses" of the cell, mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and the breakdown and oxidation of fuel molecules. Plants and algae both have chloroplasts.
What performs the mitochondria's primary function?The traditional function of the mitochondria is called oxidative phosphorylation, which produces ATP by using the energy released through the oxidation of the food we eat. The majority of biochemical and physiological functions, including growth, mobility, and equilibrium, all require ATP as their main energy source.
What happens when mitochondria don't work?Producing energy is the mitochondria's primary job. In particular, high energy-demanding organs like the heart, muscles, & brain require more mitochondria to produce more energy. when the cell's mitochondria are not functioning properly or in sufficient numbers.
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primary and secondary waves are _____ waves and kove waves are_____waves slow fast slow, slow body, surface body, body surface
Answer:
sound waves
Explanation:
are big waves in a zig zag
9. The probability that a boy whose mother is heterozygous for a sex-linked trait having the trait is:
10. The probability that the daughter of a mom with a dominant disease-causing allele on the X chromosome and a dad with the disorder will be affected with the disorder is:
11. An unaffected man and an unaffected woman have a son with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, an X-linked recessive trait. What are the chances that a daughter of this couple will inherit Lesch-Nyhan syndrome?
12. A man has the X-linked dominant condition CGH that produces dense hair on the face and upper body. What is the chance that he will pass it on to his daughters?
Answer:
Explanation:
The probability that the daughter of a mom with a dominant disease-causing allele on the X chromosome and a dad with the disorder will be affected with the disorder is 100%. This is because the daughter will inherit one X chromosome from the mom, which carries the dominant allele that causes the disorder, and one X chromosome from the dad, which is affected by the disorder.
Since the parents are unaffected, we can infer that they are both heterozygous carriers of the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome allele. If they have a son with the syndrome, we know that the son inherited the recessive allele from both parents. The chance that a daughter of this couple will inherit Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is 25%. This is because the daughter will inherit one X chromosome from the father, which does not carry the recessive allele, and one X chromosome from the mother, which has a 50% chance of carrying the recessive allele.
Since the condition is X-linked dominant, the man will pass on the dominant allele to all of his daughters. Therefore, the chance that he will pass it on to his daughters is 100%.
TRUE OR FALSE the number of receptors for a particular hormone can change due to consistently high or low levels of that hormone, which is referred to as up- and down-regulation.
Number of receptors for particular hormone can change due to consistently high or low levels of that hormone, which is referred as up- and down-regulation : True
What is up- and down-regulation?Downregulation is the process by which cell decreases the quantity of cellular component like RNA or protein, in response to external stimulus. Complementary process that involves increases of such components is called as upregulation.
An example of downregulation is the cellular decrease in expression of specific receptor in response to increased activation by molecule such as hormone or neurotransmitter that reduces sensitivity of the cell to the molecule. This is an example of locally acting mechanism.
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Based on the diagram, which of the following processes most likely caused the fish in the lake to die?
A
The remains of the bottom-dwelling plants and algae decomposed, depleting the amount of oxygen in the water.
B
The algal bloom at the surface released carbon dioxide into the water, suffocating the fish.
C
The herbicides used on the corn crop were washed into the lake, accidentally poisoning the fish.
D
Carbohydrates were released into the water when the bottom-dwelling plants died, increasing the amount of competition for food.
A) The remains οf the bοttοm-dwelling plants and algae decοmpοsed, depleting the amοunt οf οxygen in the water, is the mοst likely prοcess that caused the fish in the lake tο die.
What is οxygen?Oxygen is a chemical element with the symbοl O and the atοmic number 8. It is a member οf the periοdic table's chalcοgen grοup, a highly reactive nοnmetal, and an οxidizing agent that quickly prοduces οxides with mοst elements as well as οther cοmpοunds.
After hydrοgen and helium, οxygen is the third mοst plentiful element in the universe in terms οf mass. At οrdinary temperature and pressure, twο atοms οf the element cοmbine tο generate diοxygen, a cοlοrless and οdοrless diatοmic gas with the fοrmula O2.
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You create cells that harbor a mutation in the gene coding for the lac repressor that causes these cells to lack the lac repressor protein under all conditions. For these mutant cells, state whether the transcription with be On (high) or Off (absent or low), if the CAP activator is bound or not bound, and if the lacl repressor is bound or not bound
Glucose is present and lactose is absent:
Glucose and lactose are absent:
Glucose is absent and lactose is present:
If the CAP activator is bound or not bound, and if the lac repressor is bound or not bound; If glucose is present and lactose is absent then no transcription of the lac operon stops.
What is the lac operon and why is it important?The lac operon is an operon, or group of genes with a single promoter (transcribed as a single mRNA). The genes in the operon encode proteins that allow the bacteria to use lactose as an energy source.
The activity of the promoter that controls the expression of the lac operon is regulated by two different proteins. One of the proteins prevents the RNA polymerase from transcribing, the other enhances the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter.
The lac operon is a classic example of gene regulation in prokaryotes, and its structural genes produce enzymes that metabolize the sugar lactose. Like all bacterial operons, the lac operon is able to produce multiple proteins from one mRNA transcript.
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What is the main point to the article State “Personhood” Laws Threaten Embryonic Steam Cell Research
The main point of the article "State “Personhood” Laws Threaten Embryonic Steam Cell Research" is that the passing of "personhood" laws in some states of the United States, which define life as beginning at conception, poses a threat to embryonic stem cell research. The article argues that these laws could hinder or even criminalize research involving the destruction of human embryos, which is a critical aspect of embryonic stem cell research. The article also discusses the potential consequences of such laws on medical research, including the inability to develop treatments for a wide range of diseases and conditions
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of parts through which blood moves in passing from the vena cava to the lungs?
Choose matching definition
1. right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, body, right atrium
2. Right atrium, pulmonary semilunar valve, right ventricle, tricuspid valve
3. pulmonary artery
4. right atrium
Blood enters the right atrium of the heart from the superior and inferior venae cava , travels through the bicuspid valve, and then is pumped via the pulmonary semilunar valve and into the pulmonary trunk by the right ventricle. The left and right pulmonary arteries branch off from this point and deliver blood to the left and right lungs, respectively.
What are the heart valves?Each of the four heart chambers has its own valve. The four heart valves determine the best route for effective blood flow via the heart. To assist in moving blood from one location to another, they open and close. Our heart's four chambers are traversed by the four valves.
The smaller chambers on top are the atriums , while the smaller chambers on the bottom are the ventricles. These four heart valves are as follows:
Mitral valveAortic valveTricuspid valvePulmonary valveDefine pulmonary circulation?Pulmonary circulation moves blood between the heart and the lungs. It transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide. The oxygenated blood then flows back to the heart.
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this drainage pattern looks like the veins on the underside of a leaf or tree like is called: group of answer choices centripetal annular dendritic trellis
The drainage pattern that resembles the veins on the underside of a leaf or tree is called a dendritic pattern. A dendritic drainage pattern is characterized by a system of branching and converging streams that resemble the branches of a tree or the veins in a leaf.
What patterns are identified in leaves?There are many different types of patterns that can be identified in leaves, depending on the species and other factors. Here are a few examples:
Venation patterns: The veins of a leaf can be arranged in different ways, including pinnate (with one main vein and smaller veins branching off), palmate (with several veins branching out from a central point), and parallel (with multiple veins running parallel to each other).
Margins: The edge of a leaf can have different types of margins, such as serrated (with sharp, tooth-like edges), smooth (with a continuous edge), or lobed (with deep, curved indentations).
Surface patterns: The surface of a leaf can be smooth or textured, and may have bumps, ridges, or other patterns. Some leaves have a waxy coating or small hairs.
Shape: Leaves come in many different shapes, including oval, round, lanceolate (long and narrow), and heart-shaped.
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Question 4 (10 points)
Which describes a small group of firms that control a particular market for goods,
therefore reducing competition? (CS6)
Monopoly
Oligopoly
Free Market
Monopolistic Competition
Saved
Answer: oligopoly
Explanation:
The term that describes a small group of firms that control a particular market for goods, therefore reducing competition is "oligopoly". An oligopoly occurs when a small number of firms dominate a market and are able to influence prices and other market factors. In an oligopoly, there are typically high barriers to entry, which can make it difficult for new firms to compete with the established firms. Examples of oligopolies include the market for soft drinks, where a few large companies dominate the industry, and the market for commercial aircraft, where only a few companies produce the majority of airplanes.
two types of electron microscopes are electron microscopes, which pass electrons through a specimen, and electron microscopes, which beam electrons over the surface of a metal-coated specimen.
The two primary varieties of electron microscopes are the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) (TEM).
What is the specimen in the body?For all tests, the term "body specimen" refers to urine, with the exception of alcohol tests, which utilize saliva and/or blood. In the event that an Employee is hospitalized, samples will be taken in line with any applicable medical regulations.
Do humans qualify as specimens?Human specimens are any material taken from healthy persons or the leftover samples taken from patients after a diagnosis that are kept in storage for in-vitro study. It consists of the organs, tissues, cells, and DNA of the human body.
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SI Unit Conversion .
Answer and Explanation:
2. 66420000 (multiply the length value by 100000)
3. 0.0419 (divide the length value by 1000)
4. 600000 (multiply the volume value by 1000)
5. 0.099 (divide the mass value by 1000)
6. 0.145 (divide the length value by 10)
7. 57683000 (multiply the mass value by 1000)
8. 3546240 (multiply the length value by 1000)
9. 8.45e-6 (divide the volume value by 1000)
10. 0.0013499 (divide the mass value by 1000)
In pea plants, purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. If two purple plants produce white offspring, what were the genotypes of the parents? List all possibilities.
Answer: PP and Pp.
Explanation: Based on the information provided, the genotypes of the purple-flowered parents could be either homozygous dominant (PP) or heterozygous (Pp).
If both parents are homozygous dominant (PP), all of their offspring would be expected to have purple flowers, since each parent would contribute a dominant P allele.
If both parents are heterozygous (Pp), then they would each contribute one dominant P allele and one recessive p allele to their offspring. The offspring would have a 25% chance of inheriting two recessive alleles (pp) and thus having white flowers.
Therefore, there are two possibilities for the genotypes of the parents: PP and Pp.
What is the process of negative feedback as it relates to hormone signaling. Please give an example of a negative feedback hormone pathway. (Anything besides cortisol)
Answer:
Negative feedback is a regulatory mechanism in which the output of a system inhibits or reduces the system's activity. In hormone signaling, negative feedback loops are essential for maintaining homeostasis and preventing excess hormone production.
An example of a negative feedback hormone pathway is the regulation of thyroid hormone levels in the blood. The hypothalamus, located in the brain, releases thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH then travels to the thyroid gland, where it stimulates the production and release of thyroid hormones, including thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
When thyroid hormone levels in the blood are too high, they inhibit the release of TRH and TSH through negative feedback. This reduction in TRH and TSH production leads to a decrease in thyroid hormone production, which brings levels back to normal. Conversely, when thyroid hormone levels in the blood are too low, the lack of negative feedback increases TRH and TSH production, which stimulates the thyroid gland to produce more hormones. This negative feedback loop helps to maintain a stable level of thyroid hormone in the blood.
I put the human insulin gene into a plasmid and put that plasmid into a bacteria. But the bacteria doesn't produce the insulin. What should I have put before the human insulin gene on the plasmid to make sure it made insulin?
A. Cap
B. A Promotor site
C. Tail
D. DNA polymerase
Explanation:
In order for a gene to be expressed, it needs to be transcribed into RNA and then translated into a protein. The process of transcription is initiated by RNA polymerase binding to a promoter site, which is a specific sequence of DNA that signals the start of a gene.
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gymnosperms and angiosperms are both able to produce _________, structures that consists of a dormant plant embryo and stored food packaged inside a protective coat
Answer:
seeds
Explanation:
The answer to the blank is "seeds". Both gymnosperms and angiosperms are seed-producing plants. Seeds are structures that consist of a dormant plant embryo, stored food (endosperm), and a protective coat (seed coat) that helps to protect the developing embryo from desiccation, predation, and other environmental stresses. However, there are some differences in the structure of seeds produced by gymnosperms and angiosperms. Gymnosperms produce seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary, while angiosperms produce seeds that are enclosed in an ovary, which later develops into a fruit.
Which of the following is a negative consequence associated monoculture?
A) Decreased yield
B) Increased crop species
C) Ecosystem stability
D) Reduced biodiversity
Answer:
Reduced biodiversity
Explanation:
took the test
where are embryonic stem cells harvested from
Answer: Embryonic stem cells are obtained from early-stage embryos.
Explanation: a group of cells that forms when eggs are fertilized with sperm at an in vitro fertilization clinic.