The provider will likely recommend the following for a homeless patient who has been on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 18 months and has had normal CD4 counts and viral loads for the past year: Continue monitoring viral load and CD4 counts every 3 to 4 months.
How does antiretroviral therapy work?ART targets different stages of the HIV life cycle, including the entry of the virus into cells, the replication of the virus inside cells, and the assembly and release of new virus particles. By using a combination of medications that target different stages of the HIV life cycle, ART can help prevent the virus from developing resistance to any drug.
What is the main goal of ART?ART aims to achieve and maintain an undetectable viral load, meaning that the amount of virus in the blood is so low that standard laboratory tests cannot detect it.
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The client asked the nurse to describe Stage C heart failure. What is the best explanation by the nurse?
A. a client who reports no symptoms of heart failure at rest but has risk factors of heart disease
B. a client who reports no symptoms of heart failure at rest but has a cardiac history and is taking medications
C. a client who reports no symptoms of heart failure at rest but is symptomatic with increased physical activity
D. a client who reports symptoms of heart failure at rest and is a candidate for a heart transplant
B.a client who reports no symptoms of heart failure at rest but has a cardiac history and is taking medications. Objective proof of relatively severe cardiovascular disease.
Considerable restriction in activity due to symptoms, even during less-than-normal activity. only at rest does it feel comfortable. In stage C, the left ventricle has started to deteriorate and heart failure symptoms have started to appear. Moreover, at this period, symptoms like exhaustion and shortness of breath are frequent occurrences.
Stage C treatment consists of the same elements as stage A and B treatment, plus a few additional alternatives. Diuretics (water tablets) can assist in removing extra fluid that may accumulate as a result of the weakening of the heart. If advised by your doctor, reducing your salt and hydration intake can also assist with symptoms.
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the nurse identifies a small amount of bile-colored drainage on the dressing of a client who has had a liver biopsy. how would the nurse interpret this finding?
After the liver biopsies, you will be instructed to lie on the right side while a nurse regularly checks your pulse and pulse. Several people read, watch television or videos, or converse with friends and relatives.
Which instructions would a nurse give a patient getting ready for a liver biopsy?For at least a week before to your procedure, stop using aspirin, Advil, Advil, Aleve, Ibuprofen, Heparin, Pradaxa, or other blood thinners. A minimum of an hour before your operation is scheduled, arrive. Make arrangements for transportation from and to the facility.
Which activity should a client with cirrhosis be encouraged to do by the nurse?Focusing on encouraging relaxation, enhancing nutrition, providing skin care, lowering risk of injury, monitoring and controlling consequences should be the nursing treatment strategy for the patient with liver cirrhosis.
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Which are tools for recording assessment data? Select all that apply.
Graphic Flow Sheet
Input and output sheet
Client handbook
Shift report form
Primary Survey
Graphic Flow Sheet: This tool is used to track and record patient assessment information over time.
What is assessment?Assessment is the process of gathering information and making judgments about an individual’s performance, knowledge, ability, or characteristics. Assessment can range from formal standardized tests to informal observations and interviews. Assessment involves collecting data about a person, analyzing that data, and drawing conclusions about the person’s abilities and characteristics.
Input and Output Sheet: This tool is used to record patient intake, output, and other vital signs.
Client Handbook: This tool is used to provide clients with information about their assessment and treatment.
Shift Report Form: This tool is used to communicate information between healthcare providers, such as changes in patient condition or treatments.
Primary Survey: This tool is used to assess a patient's condition quickly and accurately.
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choose the true statements about pantothenic acid deficiency. multiple select question. pantothenic acid deficiency is very common. might occur in alcoholism along with a nutrient-deficient diet. a pantothenic acid deficiency may be unrecognizable. symptoms would be hidden among deficiencies of thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin b-6, and folate.
-Might occur in alcoholism along with a nutrient-deficient diet.
-A pantothenic acid deficiency may be unrecognizable.
-Symptoms would be hidden among deficiencies of thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B-6, and folate.
What is Pantothenic Acid?Pantothenic Acid, also known as vitamin B5, is an essential nutrient that helps the body convert food (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) into energy. It also helps the body produce hormones and cholesterol, and is necessary for healthy skin, hair, eyes, and liver.
Pantothenic acid is found in both animal and plant foods, such as eggs, milk, yogurt, whole grains, legumes, mushrooms, avocado, sweet potatoes, and broccoli. Deficiencies of pantothenic acid are rare, but can cause skin rashes, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
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A nurse is assessing a client for signs and symptoms of infection. What would the nurse expect to asses? Select all that apply.
A. lymph node enlargement B. increased respiratory rate C. Fever
Before determining whether a patient has a (C) fever, a nurse is examining the patient for infection symptoms and signs.
What are the symptoms?A symptom is a potential health problem that a patient feels but a doctor cannot see.
A pounding headache brought on by stress, stomach pains from eating undercooked meat, or extreme exhaustion is a few examples.
A physical or mental issue that a person has that could be a sign of an illness or condition.
Symptoms are invisible and do not appear on diagnostic tests.
Headache, weariness, nausea, and soreness are a few symptoms.
A nurse is evaluating a client for infection signs and symptoms before determining whether the client has a fever.
Therefore, before determining whether a patient has a (C) fever, a nurse is examining the patient for infection symptoms and signs.
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when you obtain a urine specimen for drug or alcohol analysis, you must establish a proper __________.
A correct "chain of custody" must be established when obtaining a urine sample for drug or alcohol analysis.
Explain the procedure to do alcohol analysis?An officer may perform a urine test if they have reason to believe that a person's blood alcohol or drug level is higher than it should be.
In addition to detecting drugs that a breath test won't pick up on, urine tests are easier to conduct than blood testing. Urine tests are used in DUI/OVI, vehicular murder, and vehicular assault prosecutions in Ohio.A urine sample was taken in a glass jar and examined using scientific techniques, including gas chromatography using mass spectrometry, to conduct a urine test. Machines analyze the urine sample, determine the amount of alcohol and/or other drugs present, and then print out the results.Thus, a correct chain of custody must be established when obtaining a urine sample for drug or alcohol analysis.
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1 in ___ kids become addicted to marijuana and this number is even higher for nicotine.
Which step in the nursing process is executed when the nurse collects the lab results of direct and total bilirubin levels of a patient with jaundice?
A. Planning
B. Evaluation
C. Assessment
D. Implementation
The step in the nursing process that is executed when the nurse collects the lab results of direct and total bilirubin levels of a patient with jaundice is C) Assessment.
What is first step of nursing?Assessment is the first step of the nursing process, in which the nurse collects and analyzes information about the patient's health status. This includes collecting subjective and objective data, such as the patient's medical history, vital signs, physical examination findings, and results of laboratory and diagnostic tests. In the case of a patient with jaundice, the nurse would assess the patient's symptoms, such as yellowing of the skin and eyes, and collect laboratory test results, such as direct and total bilirubin levels. This information would be used to develop a nursing diagnosis and care plan, which would include appropriate nursing interventions to manage the patient's symptoms and promote recovery.
Here,
Therefore, the collection of lab results in this scenario falls under the assessment step of the nursing process.
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Your patient presents with symptoms that lead you to suspect acute appendicitis. Which assessment finding is least likely to be associated with this condition?
a. Positive psoas sign
b. Positive McBurney sign
c. Consistent right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain
d. Rebound tenderness
Consistent right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain is least likely to be associated with acute appendicitis.
What is acute appendicitis?Acute appendicitis is primarily diagnosed clinically, and many patients have a typical medical history and physical examination findings. Although the exact cause of acute appendicitis is unknown, luminal obstruction, dietary factors, and familial factors are all thought to play a part. The preferred course of treatment is appendectomy, which is increasingly carried out laparoscopically. This article examines the symptoms, research, care, and side effects of acute appendicitis and appendicectomy.
Patients with acute appendicitis typically present with abdominal pain as their main complaint. Murphy was the first to describe the diagnostic pattern of colicky central abdominal pain, followed by vomiting and pain migration to the right iliac fossa, but this pattern may only be present in 50% of patients.
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elderly, acutely ill, or debilitated people with decreased salivary gland secretion from general dehydration or medications are at high risk for bacterial which is characterized by swelling. true or false
Elderly, acutely ill, or debilitated people with decreased salivary gland secretion from general dehydration or medications are at high risk for parotitis that is the due to the bacterial infection which is characterized by swelling. So, the given statement is true.
What is Parotitis?Parotitis is defined as a painful inflammation of the parotid glands, which are salivary glands located between the ear and the jawbone, the common cause of which is a virus, such as mumps, herpes, or Epstein-Barr.
Bacterial infections, diabetes, tumors or stones in the salivary glands, and dental problems can also cause parotitis.
Thus, the given statement is True.
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What is true about minerals?
a. They are structurally simple.
b. They do not contain carbon atoms.
c. They are inorganic.
d. They are classified as water-soluble or fat-soluble.
The true features of minerals are they are structurally simple, does not contain carbon and are inorganic, which means option A, B and C are correct.
There are two kind of nutrients needed by the body namely the macronutrients and micronutrients. Minerals are the elements found on Earth which are delivered from the soil. These minerals are magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium etc. Minerals are structurally crystalline in nature and chemically combine together to form compounds. Minerals are found almost everywhere and even the human body is made up of different minerals. For example: bones and teeth are made up of calcium, blood has iron constituents etc. Different minerals are derived from food as well for muscle growth, cell development, efficient functions of brain etc.
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A client comes to the outpatient clinic with a large leg ulcer. Which clinical finding will help the nurse determine that the ulcer is arterial?
A. Pain at ulcer site
B. Bleeding around ulcer area
C. Dependent edema of extremities
D. Statis dermatitis on affected extremity
Option B is correct Because of their depth and disruption of blood flow, arterial ulcers are painful. Venous ulcers are distinguished by bleeding surrounding the ulcer, dependent edema of the limbs, and stasis dermatitis on the afflicted extremity.
Dehydration is characterized by decreased urine output, hypotension, dry mucous membranes, and low skin turgor. The highest risk factor is being over the age of 65. Moreover, mental or physical handicap may impede thirst sense, hamper capacity to articulate thirst, and/or limit access to water. Hypernatremia is frequently caused by a combination of circumstances. Heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure can all cause high volume hyponatremia. High blood protein levels, such as in multiple myeloma, high blood fat levels, and high blood sugar levels can all result in artificially low salt values. With fluid volume overload, increased blood pressure and bounding pulses are common. Fluid volume deficiency is characterized by low blood pressure, an increased heart rate, and a weak or thread pulse.
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The nurse is administering pasiriotide to a patient with Cushing’s disease secondary to a pituitary tumor. Which phrase describes the rationale for using this drug?
1 To decrease inflammation before surgery
2 To shrink the pituitary tumor
3 To block production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
4 To increase retention of sodium
If a patient with Cushing’s disease is secondary to a pituitary tumor, pasireotide drug is used to block the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), hence option 3 is correct.
What is Cushing’s disease?The pituitary gland is an organ of the endocrine system, having the function of releasing various hormones if releases excess adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), it leads to a condition called Cushing's syndrome.
To treat this condition with pasireotide, this block production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cures this syndrome.
Therefore, there is a need to block the production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), to treat a patient with Cushing’s disease secondary to a pituitary tumor.
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A client may be developing side effects from an anticholinergic medication. Which question does the nurse ask the client to further assess for side effects to this medication? (Select all that apply.)
1. "Do you have blurred vision?"
2. "Does your mouth feel dry?"
3. "Do you have needles and pins sensation?"
4. "When was the last time you voided?"
5. "When was your last bowel movement?"
The nurse asks, do you have blurred vision? , does your mouth feel dry?, do you have needles and pins sensation? to the client to further assess for side effects to anti-cholinergic medication.Therefore, the correct option is 1, 2 and 3.
What are anti-cholinergic medication?Drugs known as anticholinergics block and reduce the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) at synapses in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
The nurse should ask the following questions to further assess for side effects of anticholinergic medication:
Do you have blurred vision?Does your mouth feel dry?Do you have needles and pins sensation?Blurred vision, dry mouth, and paresthesia (needles and pins sensation) are common side effects of anticholinergic medication. Asking about the time of the client's last voiding or bowel movement is not directly related to side effects of anticholinergic medication.Therefore, the correct option is 1, 2 and 3.
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what is passive range of motion
Exercises that maintain passively range of motion keep a woman's joints flexible. The extent to which a person's joints may move in various directions is known as range of motion.
What makes a muscle different from a joint?
A joint is by definition a place where two bones come together to form a structure that enables movement. Ligaments are tissues that hold bones to one another. Tendons serve as the link between muscles and bones. Joints can be divided into two categories: structural joints and functional joints. Joint structural classification.
What does the word "joined" mean?
joint owners: linked or connected as in connection, interest, or activity. Law. a group of people who are jointly liable or possess something. of or pertaining to both legislative branches in a bicameral body. referring to or mentioning a diplomatic action where two or more countries formally combine.
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a lot measures 248.4 x 378.9. how many acres is that A. 2.12 B. 2.13 C. 2.14. D. 2.15 E. 2.16
This gives you an answer of 2.15897 acres, and when rounded to the nearest hundredth, the answer is 2.16 acres.
What is acres?Acres are a unit of area measurement in the imperial and US customary systems of measurement. One acre is equal to 43,560 square feet, or 4,840 square yards. It is commonly used to measure land area and is roughly the same size as a soccer field.
The correct answer is E. 2.16. To calculate the acres of the lot, you need to convert the measurements from feet to acres. There are 43,560 square feet in an acre, so to convert the lot's measurements to acres you need to divide the total square feet (248.4 x 378.9) by 43,560. This gives you an answer of 2.15897 acres, and when rounded to the nearest hundredth, the answer is 2.16 acres.
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which activities are recommended to help students develop visual-motor skills before they learn to form letters?
The activities which are recommended to help students develop visual motor skills before learning letters is drawing geometric shapes, lines on sandpaper and skywriting in air with large movements which means option A, B and D are correct.
Children as they grow up tend to develop cognitive skills and also try to comprehend things as adults do. So besides learning about alphabets and letters, they begin to learn new interesting things such as colors, shapes, types of fruits and vegetables etc. This makes their brain distiguish between things even more easily and what is infront of them is more appealing than what they learn by mental work. It is generally taught using graphs, charts, colored books etc. Building with blocks, scribbling, tracing, writing, drawing, cutting new shapes are the examples of visual motor skills in growing children.
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Refer to complete question below:
Which activities are recommended to help students develop visual-motor skills before they learn to form letters? Select all that apply.
a. tracing and drawing geometric shapes
b. drawing circles and lines on sandpaper
c. writing lines and circles with a pencil on paper
d. skywriting in the air with large movements
what is myo in medical term
which adverse effect in a patient who is receiving ergot alkaloid drugs for migraine headaches?
The correct option D. All. The following side effects can occur in a patient taking ergot alkaloid medications for migraines headaches:
A. DizzinessB. NumbnessC. Nasal irritationExplain the effects of ergot alkaloid drugs?Ergot alkaloids boost uterine activity, alter cardiovascular processes in subtle ways, and inhibit prolactin release.
Ergot alkaloids are extremely poisonous and can cause unconsciousness, nausea, vomiting, poor circulation, quick and weak heartbeat, and other symptoms. Ergot alkaloids cause the brain's blood arteries to constrict. Some medications alter serotonin levels, which also causes blood arteries to constrict. They also prevent the release of inflammatory proteins by the trigeminal nerve, a nerve in the brain. Ergotamine and dihydroergotamine, two ergot alkaloids that work by constricting the carotid artery beds, are frequently used as treatments for acute migraine headaches.Thus, the following side effects can occur in a patient taking ergot alkaloid medications for migraines:
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The complete question is-
which adverse effect in a patient who is receiving ergot alkaloid drugs for migraine headaches?
A. Dizziness
B. Numbness
C. Nasal irritation
D. All
Of the following, which pair of psychoactive drugs shares the most similar effects on the brain?
A. Alcohol-marijuana
B. Caffeine-morphine
C. Nicotine-heroin
D. Amphetamines-cocaine
E. Barbiturates-LSD
The most popular psychoactive drug in use today is caffeine. More than 80% of adults in North America drink caffeine on a regular basis.
What brain waves are most similar to the REM sleep brain waves?
The brain waves are comparable to those of waking as you cycle into REM sleep, and the eyelids move quickly behind closed lids. While we dream, our breathing quickens and our bodies briefly become paralyzed.
Describe a psychotropic substance.
Psychoactive medications are chemicals that alter how the brain works and alter behavior, mood, and consciousness. Although these medications have a therapeutic role in the treatment of both medical and psychological illnesses, they are also used recreationally to affect mood, perceptions, and consciousness. sedatives.
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what is acetaminophen drug class
A patient/client and their family are motivated to learn about general communication strategies. After completing a needs assessment what should be recommended?
Select one:
A-A LACE program*
B-An AR program
C-A hearing instrument
D-Auditory training
Following completion of a needs analysis A LACE program* was advised.
What is advised?It is advised to always write original, unique content and to avoid plagiarism when writing. Plagiarism is the act of taking someone else's work without giving them the proper credit, and it can have serious legal consequences. Writing original content requires research and creativity to come up with content that is both informative and interesting. Additionally, each piece of writing should be proofread for errors in grammar and spelling before submitting. Following these guidelines will help ensure that your writing is both accurate and ethical.
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What must the nurse consider when administering a medication? Select all that apply.
Age
Ethical issues
Insurance status
Legal issues
Cultural issues
Pregnancy Status
Which object-oriented element that allows us to build more complex objects out of simpler objects is.
Encapsulation
Data Hiding
Message Passing
Composition
Inheritance
Polymorphism
Composition is the object-oriented element that allows us to build more complex objects out of simpler objects. Composition refers to the concept of creating a complex object by combining one or simpler objects.
As per the question given,
In composition, simpler objects are typically created as properties or instance variables of a more complex object, and the complex object delegates behaviour to these simpler objects to perform tasks. This approach allows for greater modularity and flexibility in object-oriented programming, as objects can be easily assembled and recompiled to create new functionality.
The other object-oriented elements listed in the question are:
Encapsulation: Encapsulation refers to the concept of grouping related data and behaviour together into a single unit, known as a class. This allows for better organization and management of code, as well as increased security and control over access to data.Data hiding: Data hiding refers to the practice of restricting access to certain data within a class, in order to prevent unauthorized modification or manipulation.Message passing: Message passing refers to the process by which objects communicate with one another by sending and receiving messages.Inheritance: Inheritance refers to the ability of a class to inherit properties and behaviour from a parent or base class.Polymorphism: Polymorphism refers to the concept of using a single interface to represent multiple different types of objects. This allows for greater flexibility and extensibility in object-oriented programming.For such more questions on More complex Medicine
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Which is an accurate statement relating to drug abuse in the United States?
A)Approximately half of all crimes committed are the result of drug abuse.
B)Drug abuse in the U.S. was largely ignored until the 1960s protest movements led to federal legislation to control dangerous drugs.
C)All drugs, both legal and illegal, fall into one of five categories.
D)When a person becomes psychologically dependent, physiological changes alter bodily functions.
The accurate statement relating to drug abuse in the United States is option B: "Drug abuse in the U.S. was largely ignored until the 1960s protest movements led to federal legislation to control dangerous drugs."
Before the 1960s, drug abuse was not viewed as a significant public health concern in the United States. However, the emergence of counterculture movements and drug use among youth in the 1960s led to increased public awareness and concern. This led to the enactment of federal legislation such as the Controlled Substances Act in 1970, which aimed to control the use and distribution of drugs that were considered dangerous or addictive.
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a shard of metal enters the right lung and collapses it. which cavity has been entered?
The shard of metal has entered the pleural cavity, which is the space between the visceral and parietal pleura of the lung.
What is pleural cavity?The pleural cavity is the space between the two layers of pleura, a thin membrane that covers the lungs and lines the inside of the chest wall. The two layers of the pleura are the visceral pleura, which covers the surface of the lungs, and the parietal pleura, which lines the chest wall and diaphragm. The pleural cavity contains a small amount of fluid that acts as a lubricant, allowing the lungs to move smoothly within the thoracic cavity during breathing. The pleural cavity is essential for normal lung function, as it helps to maintain the position of the lungs and facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during breathing.
Here,
The pleural cavity contains a small amount of fluid that acts as a lubricant, allowing the lungs to move smoothly within the thoracic cavity during breathing. When the shard of metal enters the pleural cavity and causes the lung to collapse, it is called a pneumothorax.
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While presenting an educational session on childbirth the nurse was asked to discuss risk factors requiring a cesarean section. What should the nurse include in her response? Select all that apply.
1.
Advanced maternal age
2.
Spontaneous labor onset
3.
Breech position
4.
Maternal request
5.
Multiparit
During a birthing education course, the nurse was asked to outline risk factors that would need a caesarean section. The nurse's reaction includes Advanced maternal age and Breech posture.
The decision of women undergoing caesarean surgery was described using a descriptive research approach. The Cesarean Birth Choice Survey was used to collect information from 101 postpartum women who had a caesarean section. The majority of the procedures were performed on primipara women who cited medical recommendations and enhanced newborn safety as the primary reasons for the caesarean. All of the women who underwent repeat caesarean surgery mentioned their previous caesarean as the primary reason for the current procedure. Early in pregnancy, women's understanding about caesarean surgery should be checked so that relevant education may be delivered. Accurate and continuing information may reduce the number of women opting for caesarean section.
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The infectious disease process in which large numbers of activated macrophages and histiocytes are collected at the site of inflammation is called:
A. Purulent
B. Granulomatous
C. Chronic
D. Opportunistic
B. Granulomatous refers to the infectious illness process in which a significant number of activated macrophages and histiocytes gather at the site of inflammation.
Granulomatous: What is it?Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), an inherited condition, is brought on by malfunctioning phagocytes, a type of white blood cell that normally aids in the body's ability to combat infections.
The phagocytes are unable to defend your body against bacterial and fungal infections as a result. Infections in the lungs, skin, lymph nodes, liver, stomach, and intestines, among other places, can occur in people with a chronic granulomatous illness.
Infected sites may also produce clumps of white blood cells. Most people with CGD receive their diagnosis while they are young, however, it is possible for some people to wait until they are adults.
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You are providing care to a patient with hepatitis C. Which of the victim's body fluids can spread this infection? Select all that apply.
A blood
B semen
C vaginal fluid
D breast fluid
E saliva
Hepatitis C is contracted by coming into touch with infected blood and body fluids like vaginal and semen.
Is there a hepatitis risk in water?Hepatitis A is a liver inflammation that can cause mild to severe illness. The two primary methods by which the hepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted are direct contact with an infected person or intake of contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis transmission by perspiration?Sexual activity (both heterosexual and gay), sharing of needles, needle sticks, exposure to mucosal membranes, or direct contact with bodily fluids contaminated with the virus are all ways that hepatitis B is spread. Hepatitis B is not appear to be spread through stools, urine, perspiration, tears, and droplet nuclei (airborne).
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what is dsm 5 autism
According to the DSM-5 Manual, autism spectrum disorder is characterized by "limited and repetitive patterns of behaviors" as well as "chronic impairments with social communication and social interaction."
What is the distinction between autism types of DSM 4 and 5?The three domains included in the DSM-IV are split into two in the DSM-5, which also combines social and linguistic deficiencies into a single scale. A person must exhibit "restrictive and repetitive behaviors" in addition to "deficits in social communication and social interaction" in order to receive an autistic spectrum disorder diagnosis.
How will DSM-5 impact the diagnosis of autism?The number of people with ASD diagnoses will probably decline with the release of DSM-5, especially in the PDD-NOS subgroup. Policies for services for people without diagnoses who require support need to be studied.
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