True. Which of the 20 amino acids will be included in the newly forming protein is determined by a sequence of three nucleotides known as a codon.
A codon is a three-nucleotide DNA or RNA sequence that serves as a unit of genomic information and codes for a specific amino acid or signals the end of protein synthesis (stop signals). 20 amino acids can be encoded with a minimum of three nucleotides per codon.
There are 64 different codons; 61 of them specify amino acids, while the remaining three serve as stop signals. Only 20 different amino acids can be found, but there are 64 possible codons, so most amino acids are represented by more than one codon. (However, it should be noted that each codon only designates one amino acid or stop codon.)
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The Neutral Gator program used methods that _____.a) reduced the amount of carbon dioxide already in the atmosphereb) decreased production of carbon dioxide and reduced the amount of carbon dioxide already in the atmospherec) decreased production of carbon dioxided) increased production of carbon dioxide
b) Decreased production of carbon dioxide and reduced the amount of carbon dioxide already in the atmosphere.
An programme of Earth Givers, a nonprofit organisation dedicated to lowering carbon emissions through energy efficiency and carbon sequestration initiatives, is Neutral Gator.
The natural greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide on Earth would be insufficient to maintain the average global surface temperature above freezing. People are boosting the natural greenhouse effect by increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide, which raises the earth's temperature.
The gas that absorbs and radiates heat, carbon dioxide, is the most significant greenhouse gas on Earth. Unlike oxygen or nitrogen, which make up the majority of our atmosphere, greenhouse gases absorb heat radiating from the Earth's surface and re-emit it in all directions, including towards the surface. The natural greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide on Earth would be insufficient to maintain the average global surface temperature above freezing.
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Predict the outcome of a mating between a longer-necked giraffe and a shorter-necked giraffe that both live in an environment with tall trees, if(a) the blending inheritance hypothesis was correct
If the blending inheritance hypothesis were true, forecast the result of a mating between a longer-necked and a shorter-necked giraffe that both inhabit an environment with tall trees. Children's necks would be of medium size. The correct answer is option(a).
The blended inheritance hypothesis desires that the physical characteristics (or phenotypes) of the child are an in-between of the persons. For example, if an unreasonable he and a short she have a youth, this hypothesis concludes their infant would have a crest middle concerning her persons.
Heredity is an essential factor in evolution. In order for a metamorphosis to matter in the unending, it has to receive previously owned to future production in a trustworthy habit. There are few forms of heredity that concede the possibility of not having everything commotion accompanying progress, but you can't have progress outside heredity.
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The complete question is:
Predict the outcome of a mating between a longer-necked giraffe and a shorter-necked giraffe that both live in an environment with tall trees, if(a) the blending inheritance hypothesis was correct:
a) Offspring would have necks of medium size due to blending inheritance.
b) Offspring would have longer necks than either parent, acquired characters.
Which role does the protein cytochrome p450 play in the human body?
O It transports waste products out of cells.
O It regulates blood sugar levels
O It constructs cell membranes.
O It breaks down unfamiliar chemicals.
The role of the protein cytochrome p450 in the human body is It breaks down unfamiliar chemicals.
option D
Which is the role of protein cytochrome p450 ?
The protein cytochrome P450 plays a crucial role in breaking down and eliminating many different types of foreign substances, including drugs, toxins, and environmental pollutants, from the human body. It is primarily involved in the process of drug metabolism and is found in many different tissues and organs, particularly the liver.
Cytochrome P450 enzymes help to convert these foreign substances into more water-soluble forms that can be easily excreted from the body, thus protecting the body from potentially harmful effects.
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Answer: it breaks down unfamiliar chemicals.
Explanation: i took the test !
In the absence of O2, cells capable of fermentation _______ .
a. can oxidize FAD.
b. no longer produce ATP.
c. can oxidize NADH to produce NAD+.
d. accumulate pyruvate.
e. accumulate glucose.
In the absence of O2, cells capable of fermentation c. can oxidize NADH to produce NAD+.
In general , Fermentation helps in regeneration of NAD+ from NADH, that is required for the proper functioning of glycolysis. When the oxygen is not NADH cannot be oxidized in the electron transport chain, so the cell must use fermentation to regenerate NAD+.
ATP is no longer produce is incorrect because cells can still produce ATP through glycolysis and fermentation. Also , pyruvate is converted into various fermentation products, depending on the organism, that helps in regeneration of NAD+ and allow glycolysis to continue. Glucose get consumed during glycolysis to generate ATP and fermentation products.
Hence , C is the correct option
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What are the 4 main types of muscles?
There are four main types of muscles in the human body, each with a distinct structure and function: Skeletal muscle, Smooth muscle, Cardiac muscle and visceral muscle.
Skeletal muscle: Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by tendons and are responsible for voluntary movement of the body. They are striated (striped) in appearance and under conscious control.
Smooth muscle: Smooth muscles are found in the walls of internal organs, such as the digestive system, blood vessels, and uterus. They are not striated and are under involuntary control.
Cardiac muscle: Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is striated, but it is under involuntary control. T
Visceral muscle: Which is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and intestines. Visceral muscle is a type of smooth muscle and is responsible for regulating organ function and movement of substances through the body.
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dna in genes determines the condition under which message encoded in genes will be expressed. True or False?
True. DNA is the genetic material that carries the information for the synthesis of proteins, which control the structure and function of cells and organisms.
The expression of genes is regulated by DNA sequences that determine when, where, and to what extent the gene is expressed. Factors such as environmental or external stimuli can affect gene expression and influence the development of the organism.DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material that makes up the genes in living organisms. Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for the production of proteins which are responsible for the development of specific traits in an organism. In other words, genes provide the instructions for the construction and functioning of cells, tissues and organs in the body. Different combinations of genes can result in different traits, such as eye color or height. Each gene is made up of a sequence of nucleotides that form a code used to produce proteins.
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What are the role of proteins in an organism (select 4)?
Answer: Four main roles of proteins are
(a) Acting as enzymes
(b) Structural Support
(c) Transport and storage
(d) Defense and protection
Explanation:
Proteins are an essential biomolecules and they help an organism in various ways.
Enzymes: Many proteins act as enzymes, which catalyze or speed up chemical reactions in the body. Enzymes are involved in many processes, including digestion, metabolism, and DNA replication.
Structural support: Many proteins provide structural support to cells and tissues. For example, collagen is a fibrous protein that makes up skin, tendons, and bone structural framework.
Transport and storage: Some proteins serve as carriers that transport molecules such as oxygen, hormones, and nutrients throughout the body. Other proteins act as storage molecules, such as ferritin, which stores iron in the liver and spleen.
Defense and protection: Some proteins are involved in the immune system and act as antibodies or other defense molecules to protect the body from foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses. Other proteins act as molecular chaperones, helping other proteins fold correctly and preventing the formation of harmful protein aggregates.
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What structure prevents food and liquids from entering the trachea?(When swallowing, the epiglottis covers the laryngeal inlet. This keeps food and liquids from entering the lower respiratory passages.)
Epiglottis is the structure which performs the function of preventing food and the liquids from entering the trachea.
Epiglottis is a small as well as moveable lid-like structure which is prevent just about the larynx.
The epiglottis is a structure present in our through and is usually present upright which it is at rest and allows the air to pass into the larynx as well as to the lungs. When a person is swallowing the epiglottis folds backward in order to cover the entrance of the larynx so that the food as well as the liquid that we are swallowing does not enter the windpipe or the trachea and also our lungs.
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What are the major blood vessels that supply blood to the head and neck?
The carotid arteries are the vital ships feeding blood to the cerebrum and face. The right normal carotid store route begins in the neck from the brachiocephalic hall while the left normal carotid tube stems in the chest from the curve of the aorta.
The cerebrum gets blood from two sources: the interior carotid supply routes, which emerge at the point in the neck where the normal carotid corridors bifurcate, and the vertebral conduits. The interior carotid supply routes branch to shape two significant cerebral corridors, the foremost and center cerebral conduits.
The jugular veins are significant veins that stretch from your head to your upper chest. Ordinarily, there are three sets of jugular veins — six altogether — every one of which coordinates blood from various regions of your head toward your heart.
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the viral structure responsible for recognizing specific host cells isa glycoproteingenetic material.a retrovirus.a bacteriophage.
The viral structure responsible for recognizing specific host cells isa glycoproteingenetic material is retrovirus.
What is virus ?
A segment of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) encased in a protein coat, either DNA or RNA, makes up a virus, an infectious bacterium. Viruses are unable to multiply on their own; instead, they must infect cells in order to utilise the components of the host cell to make copies of themselves.
What is retrovirus ?
A specific class of virus whose genetic makeup is composed of RNA rather than DNA. It integrates into the DNA of the host cells using the reverse transcriptase enzyme. The virus can multiply many times in the host cells as a result.
Therefore, The viral structure responsible for recognizing specific host cells isa glycoproteingenetic material is retrovirus.
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Which is an age-related change of the hepatobiliary system? 1- Increased drug clearance capability
2- Decreased blood flow 3- Enlarged liver 4- Decreased prevalence of gallstones
An age related chance of the hepatobiliary system is decreased blood flow.
As people become old, blood flow to the liver decreases. This can lead to changes in liver function and it's metabolism.
Drug clearance capability will be higher in younger individuals because of their higher liver function. But if we consider older people, liver function is decreased and can lead to reduced drug metabolism and clearance.
Enlarged liver can occur due to various medical conditions and we cannot say it is completely an age-related change.
Decreased prevalence of gallstones is not an age related problem alone. Obesity and genetics may also play a huge role. But when we consider gallbladder function and bile composition, it may change with age, which can increase or decrease the risk of gallstones.
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Using complete sentences, compare and contrast the terms living and biotic.
Biotic elements and living creatures can both be alive. Biotic things, in contrast to living things, might not currently be alive but may have formerly been alive or descended from a living creature. I gave a flower as an illustration of something that is both biological and living. I used the example of paper, which is biotic but not life.
Are people biotic or abiotic?Humans play a biotic role in ecosystems as well. Human activities frequently have negative effects on other organisms. We compete for resources with some animals, prey on others, and change the habitat of still other organisms.
What are biotic and abiotic terms?An ecosystem's biotic factors include living things like plants, animals, and microbes, while its abiotic elements include things like water and the atmosphere.
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What are the main parts of a tree?
The trees basically have three main parts namely the crowns or the canopies, trunks, as well as the roots.
Trees are basically defined as the tall and big land plants which are present on the Earth and have the ability to survive for many years. They basically consist of three main parts which are the canopies or the crowns, the trunk and the roots.
Roots are basically the underground part and perform some very crucial functions like absorbing the nutrients as well as water and anchoring the tree. The crown is the topmost part and basically consists of the flowers, fruits, branches and the leaves. The trunk of the tree connects the roots to the canopy.
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You have probably seen movies depicting the world after natural disasters have changed the climate, or reduced the availability of food, water, or even space to live. Work with a partner to brainstorm what could happen in one of these situations. Then write a short movie script describing what might happen in your community if these resources became very limited.
Answer: Soil erosion, Global Warming caused by the rise of greenhouse gases- Extinction of species and loss of biodiversity, Flooding, and drought could happen if disasters have changed the climate, or reduced the availability of food, water, or even space to live.
Explanation: Hope this helped
With rising worldwide surface temperatures, there is a greater chance of more droughts and stronger storms. As more water vapour evaporates into the atmosphere, it serves as fuel for the development of more intense cyclones.
What are the effects of climate change and natural catastrophes on our ecosystem and people?Climate change is indeed having an effect on health in a variety of ways, including the increased frequency of severe weather events such as heatwaves, cyclones, and floods, the disruption of food systems, rises in zoonoses and food-, water-, and vector-borne illnesses, and mental health problems.
Why is climate change a potential disaster?Climate change will thus affect disaster risks in two ways: first, by increasing the likelihood of weather and climate hazards, as well as the effects of sea-level rise; and second, by increasing the vulnerability of communities to natural hazards as a result of ecosystem degradation, water and food shortages.
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Both an endocrine gland and a gastrointestinal organ
As a gland, sends hormones to bloodstream that keep blood sugar levels in balance
As an organ, secretes enzymes by ducts directly into small intestines to help with digestion
Pancreas. Beyond the stomach, across the rear of the belly, is where the pancreas is situated. In addition to producing hormones, the pancreas is involved in digestion.
The pancreas is an organ in the abdomen with endocrine and exocrine capabilities. Your pancreas produces pancreatic fluids called enzymes that aid in digesting. These enzymes disintegrate carbohydrates, lipids, and sugars. By producing hormones, the pancreas also supports your digestive system. Because it secretes various hormones and digestive enzymes, the pancreas is both a endocrine and an exocrine gland. The primary controller of blood glucose is the pancreas. It creates glucagon, which raises blood sugar levels, as well as insulin, which lowers them.
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The second heart sound is heard during which phase of the cardiac cycle? Select one: a. ventricular ejection b. ventricular filling c. isovolumetric relaxation
The second heart sound is heard during the phase of the cardiac cycle called isovolumetric relaxation.
The correct option is C.
What is the cardiac cycle?The cardiac cycle describes how the human heart works from the start of one heartbeat to the start of the next. It comprises of two phases: systole, when the heart muscle is strongly contracted and pumps blood; and diastole, when the heart muscle relaxes and fills with blood.
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Can you breed two different types of animals?
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
you can to give a different spicies of animals
What is cohesion definition in biology?
In biology, cohesion is what creates attractive forces between water molecules, causing them to 'stick' together. Water molecules are attracted to each other due to the slight charges on each end of the molecules.
One oxygen atom is joined by two hydrogen atoms to form a single water molecule. They are joined together covalently, which means that they exchange electrons, which are the negatively charged atom-building blocks.
Due to its greater electronegative nature compared to hydrogen, oxygen attracts the shared electrons to it. Due to this pull, the oxygen atom acquires a tiny negative charge, whereas the hydrogen atoms acquire a slight positive charge. The negative charges on oxygen atoms attract the positive charges on hydrogen atoms of other water molecules when they are in close proximity to one another. Due to this attraction, water molecules' stick' together due to hydrogen bonding. When a water strider glides across the water's surface, cohesion is evident. An insect-supporting surface is made possible by the bonding of the water molecules.
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When two species that were once closely related become very different over time?
Divergent evolution is the type of evolution in which two species that were closely related at one point of time become very different with time.
Evolution is an inevitable process which is occurring through a number of processes all around us and takes millions of years to happen. It results in significant changes in species and their population.
Divergent evolution is basically a type of evolution which occurs when two organisms which have a common ancestor basically end up as different types of species. For example, bats as well as mice share a common ancestor which is very recent, but divergent evolution has resulted into them turning into two completely different species.
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guard cells straighten our when water pressure
Guard cells help to maintain homeostasis. The guard cells straighten out when water pressure decrease.
Guard cells are the plant cells in the epidermis of leaves and other organs are used to control gas exchange.
The shape of the protective cells changes due to the change in the amount of water in them. Guard cells work of regulating the opening and closing of the stomata.As water flows into the guard cells, it swells and causes the stomata to open.Stomata are the primary control mechanism plants use to reduce water loss, and they are able to do so quickly. During photosynthesis it allowed the movement of CO₂ and released O₂ in the atmosphere. The closure of stomata during the night prevents water loss through pores. When the guard cells lose water, they shrink and sag and straighten, causing the stomata to close. The protective cells straighten when the water pressure drops.
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Complete question :
Guard cells straighten out when water pressure __________.
why was the evolution of a coelom a critically important innovation for animals? view available hint(s)for part a why was the evolution of a coelom a critically important innovation for animals? it enables the internal organs to move independently of the outer tubes, or exterior of the animal. the coelom separates vertebrates from invertebrates. the coelom made it possible for animals to colonize land. the coelom gives rise to a complex nervous system.
Evolution of coelom is critical because, A, it enables the internal organs to move independently of the outer tubes, or exterior of the animal.
How did the coelom evolve over time?The evolution of a coelom, or a fluid-filled body cavity surrounded by mesoderm, allowed for the development of a more complex and specialized organ system in animals. The coelom provided a space for the internal organs to move independently of the outer tubes, which allowed for greater efficiency and specialization of organ function.
It also provided protection for the organs, allowing them to be shielded from external pressures and impacts. The evolution of a coelom was a critically important innovation for animals.
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Type the correct answer in the box. Name the type of allele.
A stronger allele that exhibits its trait even if it is present as a single copy is which kind of alle?
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Answer:
Dominant
Explanation:
if the trait is at all present this is usually down to a dominant allele
Which hormones are soluble in blood?
A. Steroid hormones
B. Hormones produced by the adrenal cortex
C. The sex hormones
D. Those released by the pituitary gland
why are plants eukaryotic
Plants, like most multicellular organisms, are eukaryotic. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having a true nucleus, which contains the organism's genetic material, in the form of DNA, enclosed within a membrane.
Additionally, eukaryotic cells are typically larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells, which lack a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Plants, like other eukaryotes, have many different types of organelles within their cells, including mitochondria, ribosomes, and chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are unique to plant cells and are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into organic compounds, such as glucose. Additionally, plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose that provides structural support and protection.
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How do introns contribute to the regulation of gene expression
how could a harmless bacteria suddenly become capable of producing a dangerous toxin
Answer:
Explanation:
There are several ways in which a harmless bacteria can suddenly become capable of producing a dangerous toxin. Here are some possible mechanisms:
Mutation: Bacteria can mutate, which means that changes occur in their genetic material. These changes can sometimes result in the bacteria acquiring the ability to produce a toxin. For example, a mutation in a gene that regulates toxin production could result in the gene being activated, leading to the production of the toxin.
Acquisition of genes through horizontal gene transfer: Bacteria can acquire genes from other bacteria through a process called horizontal gene transfer. This can occur through mechanisms such as conjugation, transduction, or transformation. If a harmless bacterium acquires genes from another bacterium that codes for a toxin, it can suddenly become capable of producing that toxin.
Changes in environmental conditions: Environmental conditions can sometimes trigger changes in the behavior of bacteria, including the production of toxins. For example, exposure to certain chemicals or changes in temperature or pH levels could trigger the activation of genes that code for toxin production.
Presence of bacteriophages: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. Some bacteriophages carry genes that code for toxins. If a harmless bacterium is infected by a bacteriophage that carries a toxin gene, the bacterium can suddenly become capable of producing that toxin.
It is important to note that not all harmless bacteria have the potential to become dangerous. However, in some cases, the acquisition of a toxin-producing capability can occur relatively quickly and without warning, which is why it is important to monitor and control the growth and spread of bacteria in various environments, including clinical settings, food production facilities, and natural habitats.
A harmless bacterium suddenly becomes capable of producing a dangerous toxin by a process called transformation, conjugation and transduction.
What is Transformation?Transformation is defined as the process by which an organism receives exogenous DNA which can happen in two ways:
Natural change Artificial change.Natural transformation has been explained as the uptake and incorporation of uncovered DNA from the natural environment of the cell while artificial transformation has been described as the extensive methods for the uptake of exogenous DNA.
Some methods like transformation, conjugation and transduction suddenly make the harmless bacteria into producing a dangerous toxin.
Thus, a harmless bacterium suddenly becomes capable of producing a dangerous toxin by a process called transformation, conjugation and transduction.
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Condensation of chromosomes continues throughout:A. Prophase.
B. DNA
C. Telophase.
D. growth
Answer: A
Explanation: prophase
what is the average shoe size for women?
In the 1960s, a woman's average foot size in the United States was 6.5. In the 1970s, it reached 7.5. The typical female foot in the US was a size 6.5 in the 1960s (equal to a UK size 4) and increased to a size 7.5 in the 1970s (UK 5).
Although there are no official figures available, anecdotal information from shoe sales staff suggests that the typical shoe size for ladies right now is roughly a U.S. 7 to 8.
Some people might be surprised to learn that the average American woman's foot size ranges from an 8.5 to a 9, as opposed to the 7.5 it was on average until quite recently. Yet, it is not simply a British phenomenon.
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How does evolution occur?
When comparing the diffusion rate of a substance in different media, (Check all that apply)a. the diffusion rate is greater in the liquid than in the solid.b. the more solid the medium, the faster the diffusion rate.c. the diffusion through a gas will be faster than through a liquid.d. the diffusion through a solid will be slower than through a gas.e. the diffusion rate for the substance is the same in all media.
When comparing the diffusion rate of a substance in different media, it is found that the diffusion rate is greater in a liquid than in a solid, and the diffusion through a gas will be faster than through a liquid, the diffusion through a solid will be slower than that through a gas, as shown in option A, C, and D.
What is diffusion?Diffusion occurs more rapidly in liquids than in solids because the particles in liquids are more mobile and have more kinetic energy, in gases, the particles are more widely spaced and move more rapidly than in liquids, and diffusion in solids is slower.
Hence, the diffusion rate is greater in a liquid than in a solid, and the diffusion through a gas will be faster than through a liquid, the diffusion through a solid will be slower than that through a gas, as shown in option A, C, and D.
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