Answer:
C. ultraviolet light
Explanation:
Ionizing radiation begins in the electromagnetic spectrum at the frequency of ultraviolet (UV) light. UV light has a higher frequency than visible light but lower frequency than X-rays and gamma rays, which are also considered ionizing radiation. When UV light interacts with matter, it can ionize atoms and molecules, leading to potentially harmful effects on living organisms. Therefore, it is important to take precautions and limit exposure to ionizing radiation.
After the Big Bang, in order for the universe to become transparent to light and other electromagnetic radiation, what had to happen?a. stars and galaxies had to formb. the whole universe had to be hotter than the interior of a starc.the universe had to cool enough to allow neutral hydrogen to formd. the dark energy had to dominate over regular matter and energye. telescopes had to be invented
Option c: Following the Big Bang, the cosmos needed to cool enough for neutral hydrogen to develop in order for it to become transparent to light and other electromagnetic waves.
In order for the cosmos to become transparent to light and other electromagnetic radiation after the Big Bang, it had to cool sufficiently for neutral hydrogen to develop.
Recombination took place around 380,000 years after the Big Bang. This epoch in the universe's history is what led to cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB), which serves as a picture of the cosmos at that point in history.
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mechanics is not an abstract or even an applied science; it is a pure science. (true or false)
It is False to say that mechanics is a pure science and not an abstract or even an applied one.
Physics' branch of mechanics is concerned with the investigation of motion and the conduct of physical systems when subjected to external forces. It is typically regarded as a subset of applied physics since its concepts are frequently employed to resolve issues in the real world, such as the creation of buildings, machinery, and vehicles.
Nonetheless, because it aims to comprehend the underlying ideas that guide the behaviour of physical systems, mechanics can also be regarded as a pure science. For instance, modern mechanics is largely based on the principles of motion discovered by Isaac Newton in the 17th century.
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what is microcoulomb to coulomb?
One microcoulomb (µC) is equal to 10^-6 coulombs (C).
Coulomb is the unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined as the charge that passes through a conductor in one second when a current of one ampere flows through it.
Microcoulomb is a subunit of coulomb and is equal to one millionth (10^-6) of a coulomb. Therefore, to convert from microcoulombs to coulombs, we simply divide the value in microcoulombs by one million (or multiply by 10^-6). For example, 5 microcoulombs is equal to 5 x 10^-6 coulombs.
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What is the direction of the electric field of a positive point charge?
Answer:
Explanation:
north
Based on the kinetic theory of matter, which statement is incorrect?
At temperatures above absolute zero, all matter has energy and the particles are
moving.
Solids have a fixed shape and volume. The particles of a solid do not move.
Liquids have a variable shape and fixed volume. The particles of a liquid slide
past each other.
Gases have a variable shape and volume. The particles of gases move quickly.
Answer:
Explanation: B. because particles of solid move. Though particles of solid are packed together tightly they vibrate and vibration is a form of motion .
Andy has a bath and uses 1500g of water heated from 10°C to 40°C and with a specific heat capacity of 4200J/kg°C. How much energy does he use?
Andy uses 189,000 joules of energy to heat 1500g of water from 10°C to 40°C.
How to find how much energy Andy usedThe amount of energy used to heat the water can be calculated using the formula:
Q = m * c * ΔT
where:
Q = amount of energy used (in joules)
m = mass of water (in kilograms) = 1500 g / 1000 = 1.5 kg
c = specific heat capacity of water (4200 J/kg°C)
ΔT = change in temperature (in °C)
plugging in the values into the formula:
Q = 1.5 kg * 4200 J/kg°C * (40°C - 10°C)
Q = 1.5 kg * 4200 J/kg°C * 30°C
Q = 189,000 joules
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How do you calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction at 25 ∘ C. ??Mg ( OH ) 2 ( s ) + 2 HCl ( g ) ⟶ MgCl 2 ( s ) + 2 H 2 O ( g )
The standard enthalpy change for the reaction at 25 °C is -102.3 kJ/mol.
To calculate the standard enthalpy change for the given reaction at 25 °C,
The first step is to decompose magnesium hydroxide into magnesium oxide and water:
Mg(OH)2(s) → MgO(s) + H2O(l) ΔH1
The second step is to dissolve magnesium oxide in hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and water:
MgO(s) + 2 HCl(g) → MgCl2(s) + H2O(l) ΔH2
Finally, we can cancel out the common species H2O(l) from both equations and combine the two equations to get the overall reaction:
Mg(OH)2(s) + 2 HCl(g) → MgCl2(s) + 2 H2O(g) ΔH = ΔH1 + ΔH2
The standard enthalpy change for the first reaction (ΔH1) is -37.1 kJ/mol, and for the second reaction (ΔH2) is -65.2 kJ/mol. Therefore, the standard enthalpy change for the overall reaction is:
ΔH = ΔH1 + ΔH2 = (-37.1 kJ/mol) + (-65.2 kJ/mol) = -102.3 kJ/mol
Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property that describes the total energy of a system, including its internal energy, pressure, volume, and other factors. It is often denoted by the letter H and is defined as the sum of a system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume.
Enthalpy is a useful property because it provides a way to measure the heat flow into or out of a system at constant pressure. This is because the change in enthalpy during a process is equal to the heat absorbed or released by the system at constant pressure.
Enthalpy is commonly used in chemical thermodynamics to describe the heat changes that occur during chemical reactions. The enthalpy change for a reaction is often referred to as the heat of the reaction and is denoted by ΔH. Positive values of ΔH indicate that a reaction is endothermic, meaning it absorbs heat, while negative values indicate an exothermic reaction that releases heat.
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A 2-kg mass placed 30-cm to the
left of the fulcrum is balanced by
a 1-kg mass placed ______ cm to
the right of the fulcrum
Answer:
60 cm
Explanation:
Torque = τ = rFsinΘ
In this case Θ = 90, so sinΘ = 1
x = distance from fulcrum of the 1 kg mass
(2 kg)(g)(0.30 m) = (1 kg)(g)(x) because the beam is in equilibrium
0.60 N·m = (1 N)x
x = 0.60 m = 60 cm
how many large electrical grid systems are there in the north american electricity grid?
There are three large electrical grid systems in the North American electricity grid.
The North American electricity grid is a complex network of interconnected power systems that spans across Canada, the United States, and Mexico. However, there are three main electrical grid systems that cover most of the continent,
The Eastern Interconnection: This system covers most of the eastern half of the United States and parts of Canada, stretching from the Atlantic coast to the Rocky Mountains.
The Western Interconnection: This system covers the western United States and parts of Canada, from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific coast.
The Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT): This system covers most of the state of Texas and operates independently of the other two grid systems.
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Under which circumstance is a force exerted on an apple by your hand?
When you are about to catch the apple as it falls toward your hand
When the apple is 1 foot above your hand, rising upward after having previously been tossed up by you
When the apple is at rest in your open hand
The circumstance in which the force exerted on an apple by your hand happens when the apple is at rest in your open hand. Correct option is C.
There is a force exerted on your hand by the apple when the apple is in contact with your hand and you are holding it up against the force of gravity.
When you hold an apple in your hand, the apple is pressing against your hand with a force equal and opposite to the force your hand is applying on the apple. This force is due to the interaction between the atoms and molecules of your hand and the apple, which is known as the normal force.
As long as the apple remains in contact with your hand, there is a normal force acting on the apple and your hand, which prevents the apple from falling due to the force of gravity. Therefore, the force exerted on your hand by the apple is present when the apple is in contact with your hand and you are holding it up against the force of gravity. And the correct option is C.
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the quantity with the same units as force times time, ft, with dimensions mlt−1 is what?
The quantity with the same units as force times time (ft) and dimensions of MLT^(-1) is momentum.
Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity. Its units in the SI system are kilogram meters per second (kg m/s).
To see why momentum has the same units as force times time, we can use the definition of force, which is the rate of change of momentum.
F = dp/dt
where F is force, p is momentum, and t is time. Rearranging this equation, we get:
F * t = dp
where F * t is force times time (ft) and dp is the change in momentum. Therefore, force times time has the same units as momentum, which is MLT^(-1).
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a 35 μf capacitor is connected to a 60-hz, 120 v supply. what is the xc of the capacitor?
The reactance of the capacitor is 452.39 Ω, which represents the opposition of the capacitor to the flow of AC current in the circuit.
In AC circuits, the impedance of a capacitor is given by its reactance, which is represented by the symbol Xc. The reactance of a capacitor is dependent on the frequency of the applied voltage and the capacitance of the capacitor.
Use formula:
Xc = [tex]1 / (2 * \pi * f * C)[/tex]
where π: mathematical constant pi, f: frequency of applied voltage, and C: capacitance of the capacitor.
In this case, the capacitance C is given as 35 μF (microfarads), and the frequency f is 60 Hz.
Put values:
Xc =[tex]1 / (2 * \pi * 60 * 35 * 10^(-6))[/tex]
Xc = 452.39 Ω (ohms)
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Energy of an object by virtue of its position is called _____________.A. Solar energyB. Mechanical energyC. Muscular energyD. Potential energy
Answer: D. Potential energy
Explanation: science
the ocean ridge system is divided into segments that are separated by transform ______
The ocean ridge system is divided into segments that are separated by transform faults and fracture zones.
Transform faults are areas where two tectonic plates slide past one another horizontally, as opposed to fracture zones, which are regions where the crust is broken but there is little to no movement between the plates. The various parts of the ocean ridge system are divided by transform faults or fracture zones. These fracture zones and transform faults have the ability to lateral move the mid-ocean ridge in relation to one another. The segments of the ridge system, which are frequently parallel to one another, are divided by these transform faults or fracture zones, which can give the mid-ocean ridge system a zigzag appearance on a map.
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Light is made of discrete packets of energy called_________
Answer:
Photons.
Explanation:
How to convert 98.9 f to c?
98.9°F is equivalent to 37.17°C temperature. Using Formula: °C = (°F - 32) x 5/9
To convert 98.9°F to Celsius (°C), you can use the following formula:
°C = (°F - 32) x 5/9
Substituting 98.9 for °F in the formula, we get:
°C = (98.9 - 32) x 5/9 = 37.17
Therefore, 98.9°F is equivalent to 37.17°C.
It's important to note that when converting Fahrenheit to Celsius, the resulting Celsius temperature is often more precise with decimal places. In this case, the Celsius temperature is 37.17°C, which means that the temperature is between 37°C and 38°C.
To double-check your conversion, you can also use online temperature conversion tools or smartphone apps that are readily available and accurate.
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where does the energy that propels a bicycle forward come from?
The energy that propels a bicycle forward ultimately comes from the rider, who supplies the power to pedal the bicycle.
When the rider pedals, they convert chemical energy from their body into mechanical energy, which is transmitted through the pedals to the chain and then to the wheels.
The mechanical energy from the wheels propels the bicycle forward by overcoming the resistance to motion provided by various forces such as friction, air resistance, and gravity. The energy is transferred from the wheels to the ground, and the ground pushes back with an equal and opposite force, propelling the bicycle forward.
In a sense, the energy that propels a bicycle forward comes from the food that the rider eats, which provides the chemical energy that is converted into mechanical energy through the process of metabolism. So, the rider's body acts as the power source for the bicycle, and the energy is transferred through the mechanical components of the bicycle to propel it forward.
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the peak wavelengths of stars, what are blackbody radiators, are determined by
The light's peak wavelength gets shorter as it emits more light. Black-body radiation is the thermal electromagnetic radiation that a black body emits when it is in thermodynamic equilibrium with its surroundings.
It possesses a distinct, continuous spectrum of wavelengths that are inversely correlated with intensity and solely dependent on the body's temperature, which is considered to be homogeneous and constant for the purposes of computations and theory.
A black body's intensity falls along with its temperature, and its peak shifts to longer wavelengths. The traditional Rayleigh-Jeans law and its ultraviolet catastrophe are displayed for comparison. If a hole is cut in the wall of a fully insulated container that is thermally equilibrated internally, the hole will still radiate black body radiation as long as it doesn't significantly affect the equilibrium.
Many common things will spontaneously release thermal radiation that can be roughly compared to black-body radiation.
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Alfredo leaves camp and, using a compass, walks 4 km E, then 6 km S, 3 km E, 5 km N, 10 km W, 8 km N, and, finally, 3 km S. At the end of three days, he is lost. By drawing a diagram, compute how far Alfredo is from camp and which direction he should take to get back to camp.
5 kilometres separates the hiker or Alfredo from the camp, and he will proceed either north or south.
What is hiker?A long, strenuous walk known as hiking is typically done on footpaths or trails in rural areas. During the seventeenth century, the practise of leisure walking spread throughout Europe. Religious pilgrimages have been practised for much longer, although they often include extensive walking for a particular religion's spiritual goal.
hiking in the direction of the arrow here, heading east total Ab plus CD equals 7 kilometres
but he headed back west 10 kilometres EF
As a result, he is located 3 kilometres (3 km) west of point A.
and he travels 9 km on the south side, totaling BC + GH.
He moves towards the north side, where DE + FG = 13 kilometres
Effective distance from A point is 13 - 9 km (4 km north of A).
so
We use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the distance from A to H.|
the triangle AOH
AO² + HO² = AH²..........
place value here.
3² + 4² = AH²
AH² = 9 + 16
AH² = 25
AH = [tex]\sqrt{25\\[/tex]
AH = 5
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what can the depth of the pe well tell you
The depth of a petroleum well can provide important information about the geological structure and potential oil reserves in a particular area.
The depth of the well is an indicator of the thickness of the rock formations that have been drilled through, which can help identify potential reservoirs of oil or gas. By analyzing the rock layers and their characteristics, such as porosity and permeability, geologists can estimate the quantity and quality of hydrocarbons present in the reservoir.
In addition to providing information about the potential oil and gas reserves, the depth of the well can also be used to determine the cost and feasibility of drilling in a particular area. Drilling deeper wells is typically more expensive, so understanding the geology and potential oil reserves at a particular depth is important for determining the economic viability of a drilling project.
Overall, the depth of a petroleum well is a key factor in understanding the geology and potential hydrocarbon resources in a particular area.
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what difference can be seen in flotation of ship in river and sea?
What kind of forces cause an object to accelerate? *
O balanced forces
Ofrictional forces
Ounbalanced forces
O gravitational forces
The kind of force that significantly cause an object to accelerate is known as unbalanced force. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
What is Force?Force may be defined as a type of physical characteristic that stimulates the pushing and pulling of an object. It is significantly caused by the interaction of one object with respect to another. It is a vector quantity and it has both magnitude and direction.
According to the famous scientist, Newton, an object will only accelerate if it possesses a net or unbalanced force. The presence of an unbalanced force will definitely produce an object to move in a specific direction. According to him, acceleration changes its speed, its direction, or both its speed and direction.
Therefore, the kind of force that significantly cause an object to accelerate is known as unbalanced force. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
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you lift a chair that weighs 50n to a height of 0.5m and carry it 10m across the room. how much work do you do on the chair
Answer:
50 N X 0.5m = 25J; No further work has been done on the chair once it has been lifted, because the direction in which you walk is perpendicular to the direction in which you lifted the chair.
Explanation:
A construction worker uses ab board and log as a lever to lift a heavy rock. He applies a force of 27.5 N without use of a lever, however with the use of the lever, he applies a force of 10.0 N. What is the mechanical advantage
The mechanical advantage of the lever is approximately 0.364
To calculate the mechanical advantage (MA) of the lever, we can use the formula:
MA = output force / input force
In this case, the input force is the force applied by the construction worker without the lever, which is 27.5 N. The output force is the force applied by the lever, which is 10.0 N. Therefore, we have:
MA = 10.0 N / 27.5 N
MA ≈ 0.364
So the mechanical advantage of the lever in lifting the heavy rock is approximately 0.364. This means that the lever reduces the amount of force required to lift the rock by a factor of 0.364, but it also increases the distance over which the force must be applied.
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how long can ready-mix concrete remain in the mixer and still be used? A. As soon as possible B. Under one hour C. Over one hour
Ready-mix concrete can typically remain in the mixer for up to two hours before it starts to set and harden, making it difficult or impossible to use. Correct choice is option c.
The setting and hardening of concrete is a chemical process that occurs when water is added to the dry mix of cement, sand, and aggregates. Once the mixing process starts, a chemical reaction begins that produces heat, causing the concrete to start setting and hardening.
In general, ready-mix concrete should be used as soon as possible after mixing to ensure that it retains its workability and strength. If the concrete remains in the mixer for too long, it may start to set and harden, making it difficult or impossible to use. Option c is correct answer.
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A 24n force causes a 2.0 kg mass to accelerate at 8.0m s^(-2) along a horizontal surface. the coefficient of dynamic friction is
Answer:
Explanation:
Let [tex]F_{R}[/tex] be the frictional force.
[tex]F_{net} = F_{applied}-F_{R}[/tex]
2*8=24-[tex]F_{R}[/tex]
[tex]F_{R}=24-16=8N[/tex]
[tex]F_{g}=mg = 2*10 = 20N[/tex]
Coefficient of friction = [tex]\frac{F_{R}}{F_{g}}[/tex]
=8/20=2/5=0.4
The coefficient of friction = 0.4
Coulomb's law is similar to Newton's law of gravitation in several ways. Which one of the statements is not a similarity between these two laws?
a) In both laws, the force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between two particles.
b) In both laws, the force decreases with increasing distance between the two particles.
c) In both laws, the force is proportional to the product of an intrinsic property of each of the two particles.
d) In both laws, the force is always one of attraction between the two particles.
e) In both laws, there is a proportionality constant that appears.
Out of the given statements, the statement which is not a similarity between these two laws is the force is always one of attraction between the two particles. Correct option is C.
Both Coulomb's law and Newton's law of gravitation are inverse square laws.
Coulomb's law, mathematically, is given as, F = k q₁ q₂/r²
where,
F is the electric force
k is the coulomb's constant
q₁, q₂ are the charges
r is the distance
Newton's law of gravitation is mathematically given as, F = G m₁ m₂/r²
where,
F is the gravitational force
G is the gravitational constant
The masses of two objects are m₁, m₂.
r is the distance
The square of the distance between two particles and the force are inversely related in both equations.
The force in both laws diminishes as the distance between the two particles grows.
The force is inversely proportional to the product of an intrinsic characteristic of the two particles in both laws.
A proportionality constant can be found in both equations.
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How to make 41 f to c?
41 Fahrenheit to Celsius is 5 °C where Fahrenheit and Celsius are related in that they are both units of temperature measurement.
To convert from Fahrenheit (F) to Celsius (C), use the formula:
[tex]C = (F - 32) * 5/9[/tex]
Therefore, to convert 41 F to C, substitute F with 41 and solve for C:
[tex]C = (41 - 32) * 5/9[/tex]
C = 9 * 5/9
C = 5 °C
The calculation to convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius takes the Fahrenheit temperature, subtracts 32 from it, and then multiplies the result by 5/9. This conversion formula takes into account the difference between the two temperature scales, with farenheit being the higher temperature scale and Celsius being the lower temperature scale.
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one afternoon, huyen and phong go outside after it stops raining. the sun comes out, and when they look up, they can see a rainbow. huyen knows that the different colors of light in the rainbow come from waves that have different wavelengths. if each color has a different wavelength, why are huyen and phong able to see all of the different colors at the same time?
Answer: The light waves result in colors that blend together
Consider a spring that does not obey Hooke's law very faithfully. One end of the spring is fixed. To keep the spring stretched or compressed an amount x, a force along the x-axis with x- component Fx =kx + bx2 + cx3 must be applied to the free end, where k = 100 N/m, b = 700 N/m2, and c = 12000 N/m3. Note that x > 0 when the spring is stretched and x < 0 when it is compressed. (Many real springs behave in a similar fashion.) (a) How much work must be done to stretch this spring by 0.050 m from its unstretched length? (b) How much work must be done to compress this spring by 0.050 m from its unstretched length? (c) How much work must be done to move the spring from being compressed by 0.070 m to being stretched by 0.030 m, assuming the end moves with constant speed during the motion?
a) The work done to stretch the spring by 0.050 m from its unstretched length is 0.1321 J.
b) The work done to compress the spring by 0.050 m from its unstretched length is also 0.1321 J.
c) the work done to move the spring from being compressed by 0.070 m to being stretched by 0.030 m, assuming the end moves with constant speed during the motion, is 0.0717 J.
(a) The work done to stretch the spring by 0.050 m from its unstretched length is:
W = ∫F(x)dx from 0 to 0.050 m
= ∫(kx + bx^2 + cx^3)dx from 0 to 0.050 m
= [(1/2)kx^2 + (1/3)b x^3 + (1/4)c x^4] from 0 to 0.050 m
= [(1/2)(100 N/m)(0.050 m)^2 + (1/3)(700 N/m^2)(0.050 m)^3 + (1/4)(12000 N/m^3)(0.050 m)^4]
- 0
= 0.1321 J
(b) The work done to compress the spring by 0.050 m from its unstretched length is:
W = ∫F(x)dx from 0 to -0.050 m
= ∫(kx + bx^2 + cx^3)dx from 0 to -0.050 m
= [(1/2)kx^2 + (1/3)b x^3 + (1/4)c x^4] from 0 to -0.050 m
= [(1/2)(100 N/m)(-0.050 m)^2 + (1/3)(700 N/m^2)(-0.050 m)^3 + (1/4)(12000 N/m^3)(-0.050 m)^4]
- 0
= 0.1321 J
(c) The work done to move the spring from being compressed by 0.070 m to being stretched by 0.030 m, assuming the end moves with constant speed during the motion, is:
W = ∫F(x)dx from -0.070 m to 0.030 m
= ∫(-kx + bx^2 - cx^3)dx from -0.070 m to 0.030 m
= [(1/2)(-k)x^2 + (1/3)b x^3 - (1/4)c x^4] from -0.070 m to 0.030 m
= [(1/2)(-100 N/m)(0.030 m)^2 + (1/3)(700 N/m^2)(0.030 m)^3 - (1/4)(12000 N/m^3)(0.030 m)^4]
- [(1/2)(-100 N/m)(0.070 m)^2 + (1/3)(700 N/m^2)(0.070 m)^3 - (1/4)(12000 N/m^3)(0.070 m)^4]
= 0.0717 J
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