Saturated fatty acids
Two blocks each of mass m are fastened to the top of an elevator has an upward acceleration a. The strings have negligible mass. (a) find the tensions t1 and t2 in the upper and lower strings in terms of m,a, and g. (b) compare the two tensions and determine which string would break first if a is made sufficiently large.(c) what are the tensions if the cable supporting the elevator breaks?
Two blocks each of mass m are fastened to the top of an elevator has an upward acceleration a, t₂=m₂g, b, (m₁+m₂)g, c, m₂=t/(a+g).
a) We may write the equilibrium equations for M₁ and M₂ as follows since there are only two forces operating on the blocks—tensions and weights, both of which are directed vertically.
t₁-t₂-m₁g=0
t₂-m₂g=0
the result of the second equation is
t₂g=m₂g
Which is the part A response.
b) We then enter this outcome into the first equation and get:
t₁-m₂g-m₁g=0
t₁=(m₁+m2)g
Which serves as the response to portion B.
c) We must first understand that the acceleration caused by mass M2 is equal to both the normal acceleration and the acceleration caused by gravity. T will exert the following stress on both objects:
t=m₂a+m₂g
t=m₂(a+g)
m₂=t/(a+g)
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What piece of lab equipment could you use to measure the volume in a drinking glass of water?
graduated cylinder
volumetric flask
graduated beakerall of the above
All of the above-mentioned pieces of lab equipment can be used to measure the volume of water in a drinking glass.
However, each piece of equipment has its own advantages and limitations.
A graduated cylinder is a common piece of lab equipment used for accurate measurement of liquid volumes. It has markings along the side that allow for precise measurement of the volume of liquid in the cylinder.
A volumetric flask is a piece of lab equipment designed to measure and hold a precise volume of liquid. It has a narrow neck and a flat bottom, and is typically used for preparing solutions of a specific concentration.
A graduated beaker is similar to a graduated cylinder, but has a wider base and is less accurate for measuring small volumes of liquid.
All three pieces of equipment can be used to measure the volume of water in a drinking glass, but the choice of equipment will depend on the required accuracy and precision of the measurement. A graduated cylinder would be the most accurate choice, while a graduated beaker may be sufficient for less precise measurements.
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how are the different types of fatty acids distinguished?
Fatty acids differ from each other in the number of C atoms, from 12-C to 24-C, and in the number of double bonds in the chain, from none to one, two, or three.
What is an atom?An atom is defined as the smallest unit of matter which forms an element. Every form of matter whether solid,liquid , gas consists of atoms . Each atom has a nucleus which is composed of protons and neutrons and shells in which the electrons revolve.
The protons are positively charged and neutrons are neutral and hence the nucleus is positively charged. The electrons which revolve around the nucleus are negatively charged and hence the atom as a whole is neutral and stable due to presence of oppositely charged particles.
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Lab Solubility Student Guide (NEED ANSWERS)
Informational Goals Do a lab procedure to investigate the connection between temperature and solubility.
What's the current temperature?According to temperature, heat energy will naturally move from a hotter body one with a higher temperature to a colder object one with a lower temperature.
The velocity of these particles likewise increases as the temperature rises. A thermometers or a digital thermometer is used to determine the temperature. The SI unit for temperature, oC, is symbolised by the symbol ′T′. The Celsius scale, the Fahrenheit scale, and the Kelvin scale are the three scales that are most frequently used to measure temperature.
A Kelvin scale is what?This scale too is known as the SI temperature scale. Most of the scientific community uses it. It was created to pay tribute to renowned physicist Lord Kelvin.
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Answer:
These are the answers and the scatterplot
Explanation:
The 1st pdf is from someone else ("998129") and I did the scatterplot since it asks for it at the bottom of the student guide
-Edge 2023
What is the difference between SN1 and SN2?
The differences between SN₁ and SN₂ reactions are the number of steps in the reaction, the order of bond-breaking and bond-forming, the rate-determining step, the reaction rate dependency on the concentration of the nucleophile, and the stereochemistry of the product formed.
SN₁ and SN₂ are two different mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution reactions.
SN₁ mechanism: SN₁ stands for substitution nucleophilic unimolecular. In an SN₁ reaction, the reaction occurs in two steps. First, the leaving group will leaves, and then generating a carbocation intermediate. Then, the nucleophile will attacks on the carbocation, forming the product. The rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of the substrate only, and not on the concentration of the nucleophile.
SN₂ mechanism: SN₂ stands for substitution nucleophilic bimolecular. In an SN₂ reaction, the reaction occurs in a single step. The nucleophile attacks the substrate at the same time that the leaving group departs, leading to the formation of the product. The rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of both the substrate and the nucleophile.
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what is the volume of a solution that has a specific gravity of 1.2 and a mass of 185g
Answer:
≈154ml
Explanation:
To find the volume of a solution, we need to know its mass and its density (specific gravity is a measure of density). We can use the formula:
density = mass / volume
to solve for the volume.
In this case, we are given the mass of the solution, which is 185g, and the specific gravity, which is 1.2. The specific gravity is a ratio of the density of the solution to the density of water. Since the density of water is 1 g/mL, we can use the specific gravity to find the density of the solution:
density of solution = specific gravity x density of water = 1.2 x 1 g/mL = 1.2 g/mL
Now we can use the density formula to solve for the volume:
density = mass / volume
1.2 g/mL = 185 g / volume
volume = 185 g / 1.2 g/mL ≈ 154 mL
Therefore, the volume of the solution is approximately 154 mL.
___ a mixture of elements that has metallic properties
Answer:
An alloy
Explanation:
An alloy is a mixture of elements that has metallic properties.
explain what determines the ratio of positive ions to negative ions in an ionic crystal
In an ionic crystal the ratio is determined by the number of electrons transferred from the metal atom to the non-metal atom.
Generally, the ions arrange themselves in such a way that each positive ion is surrounded by negative ions and each negative ion is surrounded by positive ions. Basically the overall arrangement of ions in a crystal is called a lattice.
Basically ionic crystals are defined as the crystal that consists of ions. These ions are often bounded together by the electrostatic forces of attraction. Let's see some of the examples of ionic crystal which are alkali halide such as potassium fluoride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, sodium fluoride, etc.
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what major products are formed when trimyristin is treated with naoh in aqueous ethanol?
Re-extracting trimyristin with Hf in aqueous ethanol results in the production of carboxyl group and glycerol.
What is the ethanol used for?
When diluted, all alcoholic beverages—beer, wine, and spirits—contain ethanol. To stop skin infections, it is a topical component used in cosmetics, perfumes, and pharmaceutical preparations such rub complexes, lotions, tonics, and colognes.
Why does ethanol show up in gas?
Due to its higher octane number than gasoline, ethanol offers better mixing capabilities. Regulations requiring a minimum octane number in fuel avoid engine knocking and guarantee drivability. For environmental purposes, ethanol is less harmful than unblended petrol.
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Name the first 3 alkali metals in group 1
Answer:
Explanation:
Francium, Sodium, Potassium
identify the acid associated with each conjugate base.I–
SO42–
F–
OH–
Cl–
The acid associated with each conjugate base is HI for I⁻, H₂SO₄ for SO₄²⁻, HF for F⁻, H₂O for OH⁻, and HCl for Cl⁻.
In an acid-base reaction, an acid donates a proton (H⁺) to a base, which accepts the proton to form a conjugate acid-base pair. The conjugate base is formed when the acid donates a proton and loses its positive charge. Each conjugate base is associated with its parent acid, which is the acid that donates a proton to form the conjugate base.
I- is the conjugate base of HI (hydroiodic acid), SO₄²⁻ is the conjugate base of H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid), F⁻ is the conjugate base of HF (hydrofluoric acid), OH⁻ is the conjugate base of H₂O (water), and Cl⁻ is the conjugate base of HCl (hydrochloric acid).
Therefore, HI is the acid associated with I⁻, H₂SO₄ is the acid associated with SO₄²⁻, HF is the acid associated with F⁻, H₂O is the acid associated with OH⁻, and HCl is the acid associated with Cl⁻.
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for questions 3 and 4, consider the following reaction:2 NO2 (g) → N2O4 (g)The rate law for the reaction is as follows:rate = k [NO2]2 where k = 0.0195 M–1·s–1 at 375 °CFor a reaction that starts with 2.2 moles of NO2 gas in a 0.40 L container, what is the concentration of N2O_4 in the container after one half-life of the reaction? Give your answer in units of mol/L with two significant figures.If the reaction starts with NO_2 at a concentration of 2.0 M, what will be the concentration after 60 seconds? Choose the closest answer.A 0.50 MB 0.60 MC 0.70 MD 0.80 ME 0.90 M
Answer: B 0.6M
Explanation:
What are the 3 types of compounds?
The three types of compounds are ionic , covalent and metallic compound.
A chemical compound known as an ionic compound is one that contains ions bound together by the electrostatic forces known as ionic bonding. Although having both positively and negatively charged ions, or cations and anions, the molecule is generally neutral.
Strong intramolecular connections are only seen in covalent substances. This is due to the firmly bound nature of the atoms within covalent bonds.
Chemical bonds known as metallic bonds are produced by the electrostatic attraction of positively charged metal ions and conduction electrons. The sharing of free electrons among a structure of positively charged ions could be used to characterize it.
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what is the half-life of a radioactive isotope?a.
A radionuclide's half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of its radioactive atoms to decay.
Because some atomic nuclei contain excess nuclear charge that makes them unstable, these nuclei undergo radioactive decay to transform into stable nuclei. These substances are known as radioactive substances.
Any of multiple species of the same chemical element with differing masses whose nuclei are unstable and spontaneously produce radiation in the form of alpha, beta, and gamma rays are known as radioactive isotopes, also known as radioisotopes, radionuclides, or radioactive nuclides.
The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. 5,730 years after the organism perished, just half of the original carbon-14 isotope will be present in the fossil.
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how do the properties of water differ from those of most other substances? chemistry
Water is a unique substance in many ways. Here are some of the ways in which the properties of water differ from those of most other substances:High specific heat capacity ,High heat of vaporization,High surface tension,Expansion upon freezing,Universal solvent.
Water can absorb a lot of heat energy thanks to its high specific heat capacity, which prevents temperature rise. Because of this, water is a great coolant and aids in regulating the temperature of living things.
Due to its high heat of vaporisation, turning water from a liquid to a gas requires a significant amount of energy.
It has a high surface tension, which causes it to cluster and condense into droplets. The capillary action depends on this characteristic.
One of the few materials that expands when it freezes is this one. Since it enables aquatic species to float on top of the ice in extremely cold temperatures, this characteristic is crucial for their survival.
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Mass (g) to mass (g)
2Al + 3H2SO4 > Al2 (SO4)3 + 3H2
How many grams of aluminum sulfate would be formed if 22 moles of H2SO4 completely reacted with aluminum
Consider the directing effects of the substituents on salicylamide and predict the possible structures of the iodination product.
OH is an ortho/para directing activating substituent. The amide group inhibits the activity of the meta directing substituent. 3 and 5 positions appear to be the most advantageous.
What is salicylamide?Salicyl amide is indeed a non-prescription analgesic and antipyretic medication. Its medical applications are comparable to that of aspirin. In the prescription pain reliever Pain Aid, salicyl amide is combined with aspirin and caffeine.
OH is an ortho/para directing activating substituent. The amide group inhibits the activity of the meta directing substituent. When both impacts are considered, the 3 and 5 positions appear to be the most advantageous.
Therefore, 3 and 5 positions appear to be the most advantageous.
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Sodium metal reacts with sulfuric acid. The balanced equation is: 2Na + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + H2
Calculate the mass of sodium needed to produce 100g of hydrogen gas.
[Relative atomic masses:
H =1; Na =23]
Answer:A balanced chemical equation provides a great deal of information in a very succinct format. Chemical formulas
provide the identities of the reactants and products involved in the chemical change, allowing classification of the
reaction. Coefficients provide the relative numbers of these chemical species, allowing a quantitative assessment
of the relationships between the amounts of substances consumed and produced by the reaction. These quantitative
relationships are known as the reaction’s stoichiometry, a term derived from the Greek words stoicheion (meaning
“element”) and metron (meaning “measure”). In this module, the use of balanced chemical equations for various
stoichiometric applications is explored.
The general approach to using stoichiometric relationships is similar in concept to the way people go about many
common activities. Food preparation, for example, offers an appropriate comparison. A recipe for making eight
pancakes calls for 1 cup pancake mix, 3
4
cup milk, and one egg. The “equation” representing the preparation of
pancakes per this recipe is
1 cup mix + 3
4
cup milk + 1 egg ⟶ 8 pancakes
If two dozen pancakes are needed for a big family breakfast, the ingredient amounts must be increased proportionally
according to the amounts given in the recipe. For example, the number of eggs required to make 24 pancakes is
24 pancakes ×
1 egg
8 pancakes = 3 eggs
Balanced chemical equations are used in much the same fashion to determine the amount of one reactant required to
react with a given amount of another reactant, or to yield a given amount of product, and so forth. The coefficients in
the balanced equation are used to derive stoichiometric factors that permit computation of the desired quantity. To
illustrate this idea, consider the production of ammonia by reaction of hydrogen and nitrogen:
N2
(g) + 3H2
(g) ⟶ 2NH3
(g)
This equation shows ammonia molecules are produced from hydrogen molecules in a 2:3 ratio, and stoichiometric
factors may be derived using any amount (number) unit:
2 NH3 molecules
3 H2 molecules or
2 doz NH3 molecules
3 doz H2 molecules or
2 mol NH3 molecules
3 mol H2 molecules
These stoichiometric factors can be used to compute the number of ammonia molecules produced from a given
number of hydrogen molecules, or the number of hydrogen molecules required to produce a given number of
ammonia molecules. Similar factors may be derived for any pair of substances in any chemical equation.
Explanation:
Answer:
2.3 kg.
Explanation:
The balanced equation tells us that 2 moles of sodium (Na) reacts with 1 mole of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas (H2).
To calculate the mass of sodium needed to produce 100g of hydrogen gas, we need to use the following steps:
Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas produced from 100g of hydrogen gas.
Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of sodium required to produce that amount of hydrogen gas.
Convert the moles of sodium to grams using the molar mass of sodium.
Step 1:
The molar mass of hydrogen gas (H2) is 2 g/mol. Therefore, 100g of hydrogen gas is equal to 100/2 = 50 moles of H2.
Step 2:
From the balanced equation, 2 moles of Na reacts with 1 mole of H2. So, the number of moles of Na required to produce 50 moles of H2 is:
2 moles Na / 1 mole H2 = 2 * 50 = 100 moles Na
Step 3:
The molar mass of sodium (Na) is 23 g/mol. Therefore, the mass of sodium required to produce 100g of hydrogen gas is:
100 moles Na * 23 g/mol = 2300g or 2.3 kg of Na
Therefore, the mass of sodium needed to produce 100g of hydrogen gas is 2.3 kg.
A nonsense mutation occurs in the 267th codon of a gene that encodes a 500 amino acid protein. How many amino acids does the mutated polypeptide contain? A. 266 B. 267 C. 268 D. 500
When a nonsense mutation occurs in the 267th codon of a gene that encodes a 500 amino acid protein. The number of amino acids does the mutated polypeptide contain is 266. Hence, the correct choice is A.
Generally mutation is defined as an alteration in the genes or chromosomes of a cell. This genes shift or the mutation in the gametes may impact the development and structure of the progeny. A mutation in biology is defined as a modification of the nucleic acid sequence of a virus, extrachromosomal DNA, or the genome of an organism.
Hence, the correct option is A.
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term for the negatively charged subatomic particle are called____
An atom has a charged as well as neutral particles and these particles is called subatomic. The term for the negatively charged subatomic particle are called electrons.
An atom is the smallest unit of matter. There are three main types of subatomic particles : protons, neutrons and electrons. Two subatomic particles have charged particles, that is, protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged. An electron is a daughter particle of an atom, a negatively charged particle that orbits around the nucleus at a constant. Scientist J. J. Thompson discovers the electron. An electron has a charge of negative 1.60217662 × 10⁻¹⁹ Coulombs. The mass of a electron is 9.1093835× 10⁻³¹kg.
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when filling a buret for a titration, first adjust the buret in the clamp so that ____ then, _____to add the titrant into the buret. the titrant should be filled ____.
When filling a buret for a titration, it is important to first adjust the buret in the clamp so that it is level and vertical. The titrant should be filled to just above the calibration mark at the zero point on the buret.
This is crucial to ensure that the titrant will be delivered accurately and consistently during the titration. A buret that is tilted or not level could result in inaccurate readings or inconsistent delivery of the titrant.
After adjusting the buret in the clamp, the next step is to add the titrant into the buret. This is typically done using a funnel to avoid spilling or splashing. It is important to add the titrant slowly and carefully to avoid air bubbles or excessive foaming, which could also affect the accuracy of the titration.
Any excess titrant should be drained out until the bottom of the meniscus is exactly at the calibration mark. This will ensure that the buret is filled accurately to the correct volume, allowing for precise and consistent delivery of the titrant during the titration.
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What is the specific weight of water in SI units?
The specific weight of water is 9.81 kN/m³ in SI units.
The specific weight is a measure of the weight per unit volume of a material. In the case of water, it is the weight of a given volume of water under the influence of gravity. The specific weight is different from density, which is a measure of the mass per unit volume of a substance.
In SI units, the specific weight of water is typically expressed in newtons per cubic meter (N/m³) or kilonewtons per cubic meter (kN/m³). Since the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s², the specific weight of water is 9.81 kN/m³.
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why does hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen?
Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen because it is a relatively unstable compound, and the decomposition reaction is exothermic, meaning that it releases energy.
Hydrogen peroxide is a compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen atoms, with the chemical formula H₂O₂. It is a relatively unstable compound and can break down into water and oxygen spontaneously. This decomposition reaction can be accelerated by the presence of catalysts such as heat, light, or certain metals.
The decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide is exothermic, meaning that it releases energy in the form of heat and light. This energy release can be observed as bubbles of oxygen gas form and escape from the liquid, while the remaining liquid turns into water.
The chemical reaction for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is as follows,
2H₂O₂ (hydrogen peroxide) → 2H₂O (water) + O₂ (oxygen)
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At the beginning of the second stage of aerobic respiration, pyruvate brings in carbon atoms. By the end of the second stage of aerobic respiration, where do those carbon atoms end up? A. Glucose B. Coenzyme C. Carbon dioxide
By the end of the second stage of aerobic respiration, the carbon atoms originally present in pyruvate end up as carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules.
What is aerobic respiration?
Cells employ oxygen during the process of aerobic respiration to create energy from food molecules like glucose. It is a metabolic pathway that takes place in prokaryotic cells' cytoplasm and the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. By oxidising glucose in the presence of oxygen, aerobic respiration is a very effective process that releases a significant quantity of energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
The carbon atoms that were initially present in pyruvate end up as carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules by the time the second stage of aerobic respiration is complete. Pyruvate is oxidised to produce acetyl CoA during the second step, also referred to as the Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle, and this substance subsequently enters the Krebs cycle. Acetyl CoA is converted into carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP during this cycle. At numerous phases of the Krebs cycle, the carbon atoms in acetyl CoA are fully oxidised to CO2, and then they are discharged as a waste product by respiration.
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When using acids and bases, note that these substances are _______. Make every effort to avoid contact with ________. Be sure to wipe up any spills _________.
When using acids and bases, note that these substances are corrosive. Make every effort to avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Be sure to wipe up any spills immediately.
Acids and bases are corrosive substances, which means they can cause damage to living tissues and other materials they come into contact with. Therefore, it is essential to take precautions when handling them.
Firstly, it is important to avoid any contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. If you do come into contact with an acid or base, immediately rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if necessary.
Secondly, any spills should be cleaned up immediately to prevent further damage or harm. You should wear appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves and safety goggles, when handling these substances to reduce the risk of exposure.
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The system below was at equilibrium in a
2.0 L container. What change will occur
for the system when the container is
expanded to 5.0 L?
2NO(g) + O2(g) ⇒ 2NO2(g) + 113.06 kJ
A The reactions shifts to the left (reactants) to produce more moles of gas
B The reactions shifts to the left (products) to produce more moles of gas
C There is no change because there are the same number of moles of gas on both sides
The reactions shifts to the left (reactants) to produce more moles of gas. Therefore, the correct option is option A.
What is equilibrium?
Equilibrium is commonly characterized as a condition of rest in which no change occurs. A body in equilibrium will have no either negative or positive energy exchanges.
The equilibrium state is defined differently in biology, physics, and chemistry. Yet, the underlying principle remains the same. External forces will have little effect on an organism that is in balance. When the volume grows, the pressure lowers, and the equilibrium shifts to the left.
Therefore, the correct option is option A.
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atoms always become smaller when they electrons and form ions with a
Atoms are the smallest units of matter that have all the characteristics of an element.
Is an atom smaller than an electron?The first exact theory explaining the creation of matter was Dalton's Atomic Theory: 1. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are indivisible and unbreakable atoms are the smallest units of matter that have all the classification of an element. Atoms combine to form molecules. Atoms are composed of smaller enduring known as protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Atoms together to form molecules. Atoms are composed of smaller speck known as protons, neutrons, and electrons.
So we can conclude that An atom gets larger as the symbol of electronic shells increase
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Give a brief explanation of the calibration process.
Calibration is the process of adjusting or checking the accuracy of a measuring instrument or tool by comparing its measurement with a known standard or reference.
The calibration procedure consists of several steps, including:
Choosing a standard or reference: A known standard or reference that is accurate and traceable to national or international standards is chosen.Instrument preparation: The instrument is prepared for calibration by cleaning, adjusting, and stabilising it to ensure it is in good working order.The instrument is compared to the standard or reference, and any variances or mistakes are documented.Adjusting the instrument: If the instrument is out of alignment with the standard, it is adjusted.Calibration verification: The instrument is retested to ensure that it is now within the allowed range of error and meets the accuracy standards.For such more question on Calibration:
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Please help will mark brainlist!!! Sophie is planning g the steps of an investigation. At what point should Sophie plan on first identifying the species of fly found on human remains? A.when maggot masses have stopped growing B. When multiple species of flies are observed C. When only eggs can be found D. When the air temperature is falling
Answer:
C. When only eggs can be found
How many formula units are in 1.24 moles of Na2S?
I need help please anything!
Answer:
In chemistry, the formula weight is a quantity computed by multiplying the atomic weight (in atomic mass units) of each element in a chemical formula by the number of atoms of that element present in the formula, then adding all of these products together.
Formula weights are especially useful in determining the relative weights of reagents and products in a chemical reaction. These relative weights computed from the chemical equation are sometimes called equation weights.
A common request on this site is to convert grams to moles. To complete this calculation, you have to know what substance you are trying to convert. The reason is that the molar mass of the substance affects the conversion. This site explains how to find molar mass.
Using the chemical formula of the compound and the periodic table of elements, we can add up the atomic weights and calculate molecular weight of the substance.
Finding molar mass starts with units of grams per mole (g/mol). When calculating molecular weight of a chemical compound, it tells us how many grams are in one mole of that substance. The formula weight is simply the weight in atomic mass units of all the atoms in a given formula.
If the formula used in calculating molar mass is the molecular formula, the formula weight computed is the molecular weight. The percentage by weight of any atom or group of atoms in a compound can be computed by dividing the total weight of the atom (or group of atoms) in the formula by the formula weight and multiplying by 100.
The atomic weights used on this site come from NIST, the National Institute of Standards and Technology. We use the most common isotopes. This is how to calculate molar mass (average molecular weight), which is based on isotropically weighted averages. This is not the same as molecular mass, which is the mass of a single molecule of well-defined isotopes. For bulk stoichiometric calculations, we are usually determining molar mass, which may also be called standard atomic weight or average atomic mass.
Explanation: