For this question, choose three answers. What are the possible molar ratios for h3po4?.

Answer:

First of all list the given before starting to solve

GIVEN:

C= 66.7%

H=11.1%

O= 100-66.7-11.1= 22.2%

In any empirical formula problem you must first find

look u should memories the steps all to find it but if ur given the percentage already so no need to find the mass bcz in the first place we find the mass just to find the percentage.

now change the percentage we have in each element to 100grams now u would ask why 100g and not 1g well , we chose 100 bcz it's percentage and easier to calculate.

after converting all to grams

follow another formula

[tex]n = \frac{mass}{molar \: mass} [/tex]

n represents number of moles

so apply to each , but for the molar mass u either should be given

H= 1 g/mol

C=12g/mol

O=16g/mol

apply it for each

HOPE U UNDERSTOOD IT

Tin metal is mixed with hydrobromic acid, creating a metal within acid situation. Therefore, in this instance, the metal is attempting to replace the hydrogen within it. (For more detail scroll down)

The distance between the hydrogen and halogen atoms increases as the anion's size expands. It gets simpler to release H+ ions from hydracids as we move lower in the halogen group. Therefore, HI>HBr>HCl>HF is the sequence of acid strength.

Since tin is higher up, it will be able displace hydrogen from the acid to create the hydrogen gas. Tin can remove the hydrogen from the solution because it is more dense than hydrogen.

Sn(s) +2 HBr(aq) ----->SnBr2(aq) +H2(g)

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97ml of the concentrated stock solution in milliliters should you use to make 2.5 L of 0.500 M HCL.

We know that molarity can be expressed as,

                 C = n V

              => n = CV

The number of moles HCL required is,

               = 2.5×0.5

               =1.25

We have to find the grams. We get the value  by multiplying by the weight of 1 mole of HCL which is equal to its mass required in grams.

Molar mass of HCL is 34.46.

So the mass required = 1.25×34.46 = 43.07grams

The concentrated form is 37.0% by mass. This means that the 100g of the concentrated solution contains 37.0g of HCL. So now we have to find the volume of concentrated solution will give us the mass we need. We have the 37.0g HCL in 100 g of concentrated solution. 1g is present in the 100/37.0g of concentrated solution.

43.07g is present in 100/37.0×43.07 is 116.40g of concentrated solution.

The density of the solution is 1.20g/ml

We know that, density = mass/volume

=> volume = mass/density

                  = 116.40 / 1.20

                  = 97 ml

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The complete question is,

Hydrochloric acid is usually purchased in concentrated form with a 37.0% HCL concentration by mass and a density of 1.20 g/ml. How much of the concentrated stock solution in milliliters should you use to make 2.5 L of 0.500 M HCL ?

Answer:

14 moles

Explanation:

This is balanced equation:

BaBr2 + K2SO4 => 2KBr + BaSO4

1 mole of BaBr2 will produce 2 moles of KBr

=> 7 moles of BaBr2 will produce 7x2 = 14 moles of KBr

The limiting Reagent, in my opinion, is Lead IV Sulfate. This reagent must be present for the reaction to take place, and once it does, it is completely consumed. The reaction would come to an end if there was not enough of the limiting reagent.

Pb(SO4)2  Lead IV Sulfate

Pb:  207.2

S:  32.07(2) -> 64.14

O  1600(4)  -> 64.00 (2)= 128

=399.34 g/mol

LiNO3 Lithium Nitrate

Li:  6.941

N:  14.01

O:  16.00(3) -> 48.00

=68.951 g/mol

LiSO4 Lithium Sulfate

Li:  6.941

S:  32.07

O:  16.00 (4) -> 64.00

= 103.011 g/mol

Ratio of LiNO3 to LiSO4 (Lithium Nitrate:  Lithium Sulfate)  4LiNO3: 2Li2SO4.  

The ratio is 4:2, so we will need 4 moles of Lithium Nitrate to react completely with Lead IV Sulfate to produce 2 moles of Lithium Sulfate.

1 mole of Lithium Nitrate is 68.951 g/mol.

1 mole of Lithium Sulfate is 103.11 g/mol.

250 grams (given value from word problem) /68.951 g/mol= 3.62 moles

3.62 moles Lithium Nitrate/4 moles= .905 x 103.11 g/mol= 93.3 grams Lithium Nitrate

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Aluminum and Sodium Nitrate: No Reaction

Sodium is a chemical element found in nature as a silver-white metal. It is the sixth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up around 2.8 percent of the total mass of the crust. It is also one of the most important elements in human diet. Sodium is essential for many biological processes, such as maintaining water balance, transporting nutrients, and regulating nerve impulses. It can be found in many foods, such as table salt, dairy products, seafood, and processed foods. It is also an important component of many medications, such as antacids, diuretics, and blood pressure medications. Without adequate sodium in the diet, people may experience headaches, fatigue, muscle cramps, and other symptoms. Too much sodium in the diet, however, can increase the risk of high blood pressure, stroke, and heart disease.

Aluminum is more reactive than sodium, so a reaction will not occur when they are combined. Aluminum will not react with the sodium nitrate because sodium is not reactive enough to cause a reaction.

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The absorbance of a sample of the solution is 0.74, which is equivalent to the molar absorptivity of the Co2+(aq) solution, which is 4.48 x 10⁴ L/mol-cm.

Moles are small, burrowing mammals found throughout much of the world. They have a cylindrical body, covered in short, velvety fur, and stocky legs. They have a rounded snout and small eyes, and their fur is usually black, brown, or gray. Moles feed mainly on earthworms, insects, and grubs, and use their powerful front paws to dig extensive tunnel systems in gardens and lawns. Moles are solitary creatures, living and foraging alone, and they are active both day and night.

This can be used to calculate the [Co2+] in the solution.

[Co2+] = Absorbance / (Molar absorptivity x Sample path length)

[Co2+] = 0.74 / (4.48 x 10^4 L/mol-cm x 0.0500 L)

[Co2+] = 0.0164 M

The number of moles of Co2+(aq) in the 50.00 mL solution can be calculated using the following equation:

Moles Co2+ = [Co2+] x Volume

Moles Co2+ = 0.0164 M x 0.050 L

Moles Co2+ = 8.20 x 10⁻³ mol Co2+

The mass percent of Co in the 0.630 g sample of the ore can be calculated using the following equation:

Mass percent Co = (Mass of Co2+ x 100) / Mass of sample

Mass percent Co = (8.20 x 10⁻³mol Co2+ x 58.93 g/mol Co2+) / 0.630 g

Mass percent Co = 5.04%

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Answer:

The balanced chemical equation represents the reaction between phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) and heat, which produces phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) and chlorine gas (Cl2):

PCl5 + heat → PCl3 + Cl2

Interpreting the equation in terms of the relative number of moles, we can see that 1 mole of PCl5 reacts to produce 1 mole of PCl3 and 1 mole of Cl2.

The given equation is exothermic because it releases heat (92.9 kJ) as a product. This can be seen by the positive sign of the heat term in the equation.

The reagents that will not react with benzene by electrophilic aromatic substitution are Sulfur trioxide (SO₃), Chlorine (Cl₂).

Electrophilic aromatic substitution is a type of organic reaction in which an electrophile (a positively charged or electron-deficient species) replaces a hydrogen atom in an aromatic ring via an electrophilic attack. This type of reaction is a characteristic feature of aromatic compounds, which are cyclic compounds that contain one or more benzene rings or similar aromatic rings.

In electrophilic aromatic substitution, the electrophile reacts with the aromatic ring in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst (such as aluminum chloride or iron(III) chloride) to generate a positively charged intermediate called Arenium ion. The Arenium ion then undergoes a series of rearrangements to produce the final product.

There are several types of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, including nitration, halogenation, sulfonation, Friedel-Crafts alkylation, and Friedel-Crafts acylation. Each type of reaction involves a different electrophilic reagent and follows a unique mechanism, but all involve the initial electrophilic attack on the aromatic ring and subsequent rearrangements.

Electrophilic aromatic substitution is an important class of reactions in organic chemistry and is used in the synthesis of a wide variety of organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials.

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Due to the latent heat of fusion, when a modest amount of heat is added, ice will transform into water without changing the temperature. Therefore, a portion of the ice may melt (but not all of it). The right answer is A.

The sun and stars are both powered by fusion. Fusion is the process by which two hydrogen atoms join, or fuse, to create a helium atom. Throughout the process, a portion of both the hydrogen's energy is converted into energy.

When multiple light nuclei combine by fusion, a heavy nucleus is produced. The process results in the production of energy because as the size of the single nucleus that forms is less than the sum of the masses of the two original nuclei. Every leftover mass is transformed into energy.

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Answer:

32.08

Explanation:

The molar mass of CH4 (methane) is 16.04 g/mol (1 carbon atom with a molar mass of 12.01 g/mol and 4 hydrogen atoms with a molar mass of 1.008 g/mol each).

To find the number of grams in 2 moles of CH4, we can use the following equation:

mass (in grams) = number of moles × molar mass

Substituting the values, we get:

mass = 2 moles × 16.04 g/mol

mass = 32.08 g

Therefore, 2 moles of CH4 contain 32.08 grams of CH4.

The total pressure  of the mixture is 0.941  atmospheres  and the volume in liters at STP occupied by He is 13430.30 liters while that occupied by Ne is 4902.20 liters.

Pressure is defined as the force applied on an object perpendicular to it's surface per unit area over which it is distributed.Gauge pressure is a pressure which is related with the ambient pressure.

There are various units by which pressure is expressed most of which are derived units which are obtained from unit of force divided by unit of area . The SI unit of pressure is pascal .

According to ideal gas equation volume of helium, V= 1×8.314×273/0.169=13430.30 liters and that of neon volume=1×8.314×273/0.463 =4902.20 liters.

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The boiling point of liquid octane when the external pressure is 0.727 atm is 388.9 K.

What do you mean by boiling point?

Boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external pressure acting on the surface of the liquid, and the liquid starts to boil and transform into a gas. At the boiling point, the molecules in the liquid gain enough kinetic energy to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them together, and they escape from the surface of the liquid as gas molecules. The boiling point of a substance is a physical property that is influenced by the strength of the intermolecular forces, as well as external factors such as pressure and atmospheric conditions. The boiling point can be used to identify and characterize different substances.

We can use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to solve this problem:

ln(P2/P1) = (-ΔHvap/R) x (1/T2 - 1/T1)

where P1 and T1 are the normal boiling point conditions (1 atm and 399 K), P2 is the external pressure (0.727 atm), ΔHvap is the molar heat of vaporization (36.5 kJ/mol), R is the gas constant (8.31 J/mol·K), and we need to solve for T2.

First, let's convert the molar heat of vaporization to J/mol:

ΔHvap = 36.5 kJ/mol = 36,500 J/mol

Now we can plug in the values and solve for T2:

ln(0.727/1) = (-36,500/R) x (1/T2 - 1/399)

ln(0.727) = (-36,500/8.31) x (1/T2 - 1/399)

-0.3176 = -4396.4 x (1/T2 - 0.0025)

1/T2 - 0.0025 = 0.0000723

1/T2 = 0.0025723

T2 = 388.9 K

Therefore, the boiling point of liquid octane when the external pressure is 0.727 atm is 388.9 K.

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Answer:

The empirical formula of the compound is KClO.

Explanation:

To determine the empirical formula of the compound, we need to find the mole ratio of each element in the compound.

First, we need to convert the mass of each element to moles.

Moles of K = 4.65 g / 39.10 g/mol = 0.119 mol

Moles of Cl = 4.22 g / 35.45 g/mol = 0.119 mol

Moles of O = (14.57 g - 4.65 g - 4.22 g) / 16.00 g/mol = 0.456 mol

Next, we need to find the simplest whole number mole ratio by dividing each value by the smallest number of moles:

Moles of K = 0.119 mol / 0.119 mol = 1

Moles of Cl = 0.119 mol / 0.119 mol = 1

Moles of O = 0.456 mol / 0.119 mol ≈ 3.84

To get whole numbers, we can multiply all the ratios by 3 to obtain:

Moles of K = 3

Moles of Cl = 3

Moles of O = 12

Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is KClO.

According to molar concentration, 0.5 ml  of 0.05 M NaOH would be needed to turn the same volume of a 0.1 M Ba(NO₃)₂ solution cloudy.

Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.

The molar concentration depends on change in volume of the solution which is mainly due to thermal expansion. Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.

According to formula M₁V₁=M₂V₂ substitution of values gives V₂=0.05/0.1=0.5 M.

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Answer:

Answered By Unish ©

Verified Answer ✅

Explanation:

Q1) For an enzyme activity that works best at pH 4, we would choose the buffer with a pKa closest to the desired pH. In this case, the buffer with acetic acid would be the best choice since its pKa of 4.32 is closest to pH 4.

Q2) A buffer is most effective when the pH is within 1 unit of its pKa. For the carbonic acid buffer system, the pKa is 6.37. Therefore, the buffer will work best at a pH range between 5.37 and 7.37. At a pH below 5.37, the buffer will be mostly in the protonated form (H2CO3), and at a pH above 7.37, the buffer will be mostly in the deprotonated form (HCO3-).

Q3) The most effective buffer is obtained when the concentration of the weak acid (HA) is equal to the concentration of its conjugate base (A-), and thus the pH is equal to the pKa of the buffer. This is because the buffer can neutralize added acid or base without causing a large change in pH.

Q4) When the pH of the solution is below the pKa of the weak acid (or weak base), the predominant form of the buffer will be the protonated form (HA) since at this pH, the weak acid has not yet donated a proton to become its conjugate base. Therefore, the buffer will be in the acidic form (HA), and will be able to accept protons to counteract any added base.

The mass in the formula units would be 2.407 x 10^25 g or 2.407 x 10^22 kg

To calculate the number of formula units, we need to use Avogadro's number. Avogadro's number is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 particles per mole.

To calculate the number of moles of FeSO4 in the sample, we need to divide the mass by the molar mass of FeSO4.

= 1 x 55.85 g/mol + 1 x 32.07 g/mol + 4 x 16.00 g/mol

= 151.91 g/mol

Number of moles of FeSO4 = mass of sample / molar mass of FeSO4

= 39.9 g / 151.91 g/mol

= 0.263 mol

Finally, to calculate the number of formula units in the sample, we need to multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number:

Number of formula units = number of moles x Avogadro's number

= 0.263 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 particles/mol

= 1.583 x 10^23 particles

Therefore, the mass of iron (II) sulfate in formula units is:

Mass in formula units = number of formula units x formula mass

= 1.583 x 10^23 particles x 151.91 g/mol

= 2.407 x 10^25 g or 2.407 x 10^22 kg

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Using an Hypothetical scenario, the Lab Data is given below:

Ruler Measurement for Respirometer:  1

Starting Height of Gas Bubble: 3.2 cm

In a laboratory experiment involving respirometers, it is necessary to measure the initial height of the gas bubble in each respirometer to establish a baseline for further measurements.

To do this, a ruler is used to measure the distance between the top of the gas bubble and the bottom of the respirometer tube. The measurement is recorded in the lab data as the starting height of the gas bubble in respirometer 1, which indicates the initial volume of air in the respirometer.

Therefore, This measurement is important for comparing the amount of oxygen consumed by the organism or plant being studied during the respiration process. By measuring the change in the gas bubble height over time, it is possible to calculate the rate of oxygen consumption and analyze the respiration process of the organism or plant.

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Answer:

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between H3AsO4 and NaOH is:

H3AsO4 + 3NaOH -> Na3AsO4 + 3H2O

The stoichiometry of the reaction shows that one mole of H3AsO4 reacts with three moles of NaOH. Therefore, to determine the volume of NaOH required to reach the half-equivalence and equivalence points, we need to calculate the number of moles of H3AsO4 in the solution.

Assuming a 1 L solution of H3AsO4, the number of moles of H3AsO4 is given by:

n(H3AsO4) = mass(H3AsO4) / molar mass(H3AsO4)

where the mass of H3AsO4 is not provided, so we cannot calculate it directly. However, we can use the information about the pKa values of H3AsO4 to estimate the number of moles of H3AsO4 at the half-equivalence and equivalence points.

At the half-equivalence point, [H3AsO4] = [H2AsO4-]. Therefore, we can assume that half of the H3AsO4 has been converted to H2AsO4-. At this point, the pKa1 of H3AsO4 is used up, and the pKa2 becomes relevant. The pKa2 of H3AsO4 is 6, which means that the pH of the solution will be close to 6. At this pH, approximately half of the H2AsO4- will be deprotonated to form HAsO42-. Therefore, we can assume that the number of moles of H3AsO4 at the half-equivalence point is equal to the number of moles of H2AsO4-.

At the equivalence point, all the H3AsO4 has been neutralized by NaOH, and the solution contains only Na3AsO4 and water.

To calculate the volume of NaOH required to reach each point, we need to use the molarity of the NaOH solution. The molarity of the 12 M NaOH solution is:

M(NaOH) = moles(NaOH) / volume(NaOH in liters)

where the moles of NaOH are equal to the moles of H3AsO4 at the half-equivalence or equivalence point, and the volume of NaOH is what we need to calculate.

At the half-equivalence point:

Moles of H3AsO4 = Moles of H2AsO4-

Moles of H2AsO4- = Moles of H3AsO4 / 2

Moles of NaOH = 3 x Moles of H3AsO4

Molarity of NaOH = 12 M

Volume of NaOH = Moles of NaOH / Molarity of NaOH

Substituting the values, we get:

Moles of H3AsO4 = 0.5 x mass(H3AsO4) / molar mass(H3AsO4)

Moles of H2AsO4- = 0.25 x mass(H3AsO4) / molar mass(H3AsO4)

Moles of NaOH = 1.5 x mass(H3AsO4) / molar mass(H3AsO4)

Molarity of NaOH = 12 M

Volume of NaOH = 1.5 x mass(H3AsO4) / (12 M x molar mass(H3AsO4))

Similarly, at the equivalence point, all the H3AsO4 has been neutralized, so the number of moles of NaOH is equal to the number of moles of H3AsO4 in the solution. Thus, we can use the same formula as for the half-equivalence point, but with the moles of NaOH equal to the moles of H3AsO4 at the equivalence point.

In summary, to calculate the volume of NaOH required to reach the half-equivalence and equivalence points, we can use the following formulas:

Volume of NaOH at the half-equivalence point = 1.5 x mass(H3AsO4) / (12 M x molar mass(H3AsO4))

Volume of NaOH at the equivalence point = mass(H3AsO4) / (12 M x molar mass(H3AsO4))

These formulas will give the volume of NaOH in milliliters (mL) required to reach each point. Note that the mass of H3AsO4 is not provided, so we cannot calculate the actual volume required, but we can use these formulas to estimate the relative volumes at each point.

4f is the following electronic transitions represents an increase in energy in a multi-electron atom.

What is electronic transitions?

Electronic changes occur in atoms and molecules as a result of electromagnetic radiation absorption or emission (typically UV or visible). The electromagnetic wave's frequency and the energy change associated with a transition are coupled by the Planck equation's term E = h.

What is energy ?

It is possible for an electron to be free or linked to an atom. There are three main types of particles in an atom: protons, neutrons, and an electron that is bonded to an atom.

Therefore, 4f is the following electronic transitions represents an increase in energy in a multi-electron atom.

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         Chemical equation                                           Type of reaction

            [tex]S_{8} +O_{2}[/tex] → [tex]8SO_{2}[/tex]                                             Combination reaction

           [tex]6Li + N_{2}[/tex] → [tex]2 Li_{3}N[/tex]                                          Combination reaction

   [tex]AgNO_{3} + KBr[/tex] → [tex]AgBr + KNO_{3}[/tex]                          Displacement reaction

          [tex]CaCO_{3}[/tex] → [tex]CaO + CO_{2}[/tex]                                   Decomposition reaction

   [tex]Mg + Pb(NO_{3})_{2}[/tex] → [tex]Pb + Mg(NO_{3})_{3}[/tex]            Double displacement reaction

Combination reaction : A binding reaction is a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form one new substance. Binding reactions are also called synthesis reactions.

Displacement reaction : A chemical reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from a salt solution.

Decomposition reaction : Reactions in which one compound breaks down into two or more simpler compounds are called decomposition reactions.

Double displacement reaction : A chemical reaction in which ions are exchanged between two reactants to form a new compound is called a double displacement reaction.

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In site-directed mutagenesis experiments, glycine (Gly) is often successfully substituted for valine (Val) because Gly is a smaller and more flexible amino acid.

In a mutagenesis experiment, the smaller size of Gly means it can fit into the space previously occupied by Val without causing any major changes to the protein structure. However, Val is larger and bulkier than Gly, so it is more difficult to substitute Val for Gly without causing any disruptions to the protein structure. This is why Val can rarely substitute for Gly in site-directed mutagenesis experiments.

Additionally, Gly is a nonpolar, neutral amino acid, while Val is a hydrophobic amino acid. This difference in polarity can also affect the protein structure and function, making it more difficult to substitute Val for Gly. Overall, the size, flexibility, and polarity of Gly make it a more versatile amino acid that can be successfully substituted for other amino acids, including Val, in site-directed mutagenesis experiments.

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The mechanism S N 2. There are two chemical theories explaining the nucleophilic replacement of an alkyl halide. In the first image, the reaction happens all at once.

A pure chemical substance is what?

A chemical entity made up of a specific collection of molecules or ions is referred to as a pure chemical compound. Chemical compounds are made up of two or even more elements coming together through a chemical process.

A chemical reaction is what?

A shift in a chemical is referred to as a chemical reaction. A chemical process can be thought of more broadly as the process through which any or more compounds transform into one or more new ones. Physiological effects, which don't affect the substance being changed, are distinct from chemical changes.

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The pH value for the given aqueous solution is estimated as 2.872.

For the stated question:

pH value of the weak acid is estimated as:

pH = 1/2(pKa - log C)

pH = 1/2( - log (Ka) - log C)

pH = 1/2( - log (1.8 x 10-5) - log 0.1)

pH = 1/2(4.744 + 1)

pH = 2.872

Thus, the pH value for the given aqueous solution is estimated as 2.872.

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The polarity would be determined by the shape of the molecule and the arrangement of the atoms.

To determine the polarity of a polyatomic molecule, you need to consider the polarity of its individual bonds and the molecular geometry of the molecule.

The polarity of a bond is determined by the electronegativity difference between the atoms that form the bond. If the electronegativity difference is large, the bond is polar, and if it is small, the bond is nonpolar.

Once you have determined the polarity of the individual bonds, you can use the molecular geometry of the molecule to determine its overall polarity. To do this, you need to consider the arrangement of the atoms in the molecule and the direction of the polarity of each bond.

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The type of reaction shown in the above image is a combustion reaction (option D).

A chemical reaction is a process, typically involving the breaking or making of interatomic bonds, in which one or more substances are changed into others.

Combustion reaction is a process wherein a fuel is combined with oxygen, usually at high temperature, releasing heat.

According to this question, methane reacts with oxygen to produce water and carbondioxide. It can be said that methane undergoes combustion.

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The number of millimoles of barium chloride added to the flask to 3 significant figures would be 422 mmol.

To calculate the millimoles of barium chloride added to the flask, we need to use the following formula:

moles = concentration x volume

where concentration is in units of mol/L, and volume is in units of L. We are given that the volume is 1.10 L and the concentration is 0.384 mol/L, so:

moles = 0.384 mol/L x 1.10 L

moles = 0.4224 mol

Now, to convert moles to millimoles, we multiply by 1000:

millimoles = 0.4224 mol x 1000

millimoles = 422.4 mmol

Therefore, the millimoles of barium chloride added to the flask is 422 mmol (rounded to 3 significant figures).

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Answer: a. Carbon monoxide b. Nitrogen triiodide c. Silicon tetrachloride d. NITROGEN SELENIDE

Explanation:

The names of molecular compounds are, CO is carbon monoxide, NI₃ is nitrogen trioxide, SiCl₄ is silicon tetrachloride, and N₄Se₄ is nitrogen selenide.

Molecular compounds are compounds formed by the combination of nonmetal atoms through covalent bonds. In these compounds, atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

They generally consist of discrete molecules held together by covalent bonds. The atoms within the molecules are bound together through the sharing of electrons, rather than transferring electrons as in ionic compounds.

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If the students repeat the experiment with same variables as before, then there would be no change in the  results.

Variables are defined as any characteristics, number or quantity which can be measured . It can also be called as a data item . It is called as variable because they can vary and can have variety of values.

There are three types of variables 1) manipulated variable where in a condition is specified, 2) responding variable which is dependent on manipulated variable 3)controlled variable which do not change.

Example of manipulated variables are number of hours spent by a student studying , that of responding variable is result of a student and temperature is an example of controlled variable.

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The ion that could bond with a calcium ion (Ca2+) to form a neutral ionic compound is option A. Cl-.

This is because the calcium ion has a +2 charge, and the chloride ion (Cl-) has a -1 charge. When these two ions bond together, they form the compound CaCl2, which has a net charge of zero and is therefore neutral.

In order for an ionic compound to be neutral, the charges of the ions must cancel each other out. Therefore, the calcium ion needs to bond with an ion that has a -2 charge in order to form a neutral compound. The chloride ion is the only ion listed that has a -1 charge, and therefore it is the only one that can bond with the calcium ion to form a neutral compound.

So the correct answer is option A. Cl-.

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