how are rna and dna similar? how are they different?

Chromosomes are threadlike structures made of protein and a single molecule of DNA that serve to carry the genomic information from cell to cell. In plants and animals (including humans), chromosomes reside in the nucleus of cells.

Even under a microscope, when a cell is not dividing, chromosomes cannot be seen in the nucleus of the . But during cell division, the DNA that constitutes chromosomes is packed more densely and becomes visible under a microscope. By monitoring chromosomes during cell division, scientists have learned most of what they know about chromosomes.

The centromere, which divides each chromosome into two "arms," is a point of constriction on each chromosome. The "p arm" refers to the short arm of the chromosome. The "q arm" refers to the chromosome's long arm. Each chromosome is formed in a distinctive way by the centromere, which can also be used to pinpoint the location of particular genes.

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Answer: Genetics and hereditary conditions can impact both your ability to conceive and maintain a pregnancy, as well as increase the risk of passing along a hereditary disorder to your future baby. If you are planning to get pregnant or have been trying to conceive without success, it may be a good time to consider talking to a genetic counselor.

Explanation:

Gomphosis is characterized in terms of movement as the Synarthrosis.

Gomphosis is defined as the type of joint that holds or attaches a tooth to its socket in the jaw.

These types of joints have a very limited range of mobility so the teeth are held firmly in place.

Synarthrosis is one of the three major type sod joint which is characterized as an immovable joint. Other types of joint are the amphiarthrosis ( which are the slightly moveable joints), and diarthrosis ( which are the freely moveable).

Therefore, Gomphosis is characterized in terms of movement as the Synarthrosis because it is an immovable joint.

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Gomphosis is characterized, in term of movement as  Decrease a joint angle but in a coronal plane.

A gomphosis is a type of joint that is characterized by its immovability, also known as a synarthrosis. In a gomphosis, one bone is inserted into a socket or cavity in another bone, and is held in place by a fibrous connective tissue known as the periodontal ligament. This type of joint is most commonly found in the teeth, where the roots of the teeth are held in the sockets of the mandible and maxilla bones by the periodontal ligament.

Because the gomphosis joint is designed to keep the teeth securely anchored in place, there is very little movement that occurs at this joint. While there may be some slight movement that occurs in response to pressure or other external forces, the amount of movement is limited and is not considered to be a normal part of the joint's function. Overall, gomphosis joints are designed to provide stability and support, rather than mobility.

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Culture-bound syndromes are when people's lives are significantly impacted by changes in behaviour and experiences. They have been classified as syndromes rather than diseases.

What does a syndrome mean in medicine?

A syndrome is a collection of related medical indications and symptoms that are frequently linked to a certain disease or disorder. The word comes from the Greek letter v, which stands for "concurrence." A condition turns into a disease when it has a known cause.

What what is a syndrome?

Hence, while making a diagnosis of a sickness or disease, clinicians frequently search for a cluster of symptoms. An assortment of symptoms may be deemed to as an unique condition as long as they remain enigmatic. Even when a root issue has been identified, the condition may acquire that label permanently if it is utilized for a while.

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The selective permeability of the cell membrane basically allows it to act as a highly selective barrier.

The cell membrane is basically a thin as well as flexible barrier which happens to separate the cell from its environment. It is also known as the plasma membrane and consists of two layers of phospholipids and therefor called a phospholipid bilayer.

The cell membrane is basically said to be selectively permeable as it allows the cell to maintain a stable state of internal conditions even while it is present in a changing environment. Since the cell membrane is selectively permeable, it allows the cell to only bring in molecules which it needs and exclude molecules that it does not require.

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The MyPlate protein portion has the fewest carbohydrates overall. A macronutrient is a nutrient that we require in higher concentrations and contains protein, fat, and carbohydrates to provide us calories.

An essential component of a balanced diet is protein. Amino acids are the chemical "building blocks" that make up proteins. Amino acids are used by your body to create hormones, enzymes, and to build or repair muscles and bones. They may be utilized as a source of energy as well.

A severe protein deficit can hinder children's growth, contribute to fatty liver and skin, induce edema, and worsen infections. While real deficit is uncommon in wealthy nations.

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An individual whose ECG is seen at C would be experiencing the heart problem where the ventricles are not reaching systole in every cardiac cycle option D.

A heart problem, also known as a cardiovascular disease, refers to any condition that affects the heart or blood vessels. This can include problems with the heart's rhythm, its pumping function, its structure, or its blood supply.

Some examples of heart problems include coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and heart valve disorders. These conditions can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors.

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Gene horizontal transfer All of these evolutionary strategies played a significant role in the evolution process of eukaryotes by engulfing other cells.

Cells are the essential building blocks of all living things. There are many thousands of cells in a human body. They provide the body structure, absorb nutrients from meals, turn those calories into electricity, and perform certain tasks.

Scientists used to think that nonliving substances spontaneously gave rise to life. It is now recognized that life originates from prior life and that cells originate from preexisting cells as a result of experiments and the discovery of the microscope. The smallest cell is Mycoplasma gallicepticum. The size of a mycoplasma is 0.2–0.3 m. The tiniest living things on earth are mycoplasma.

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The complete photosynthesis reaction can be written as:

6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ (option 3)

In this reaction, carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) are reactants, while light energy is also a reactant as it is required to drive the reaction. Oxygen (O₂) and simple sugars (C₆H₁₂O₆) are products of the reaction. Hydrogen (H₂) is not included in the photosynthesis reaction as a separate reactant or product, as it is not directly involved in the conversion of CO₂ and H₂O into C₆H₁₂O₆ and O₂.

However, hydrogen ions (H+) are involved in the process of ATP synthesis during photosynthesis, which occurs in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. Photosynthesis is an essential process that drives the biosphere, providing the oxygen and organic molecules necessary to support life on Earth.

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Complete Question:

Complete the photosynthesis reaction by placing the following compounds and energy sources into the reaction as reactants or products. One molecule will not be placed.

6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + _____  → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂

Mitochondria are not considered a part of the endomembrane system because the functions which the mitochondria performs are not coordinated with the functions which are performed by the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, as well as the lysosomes.

The endomembrane system which is present in a eukaryotic cell is made up of a number of different membranes which are found suspended in the cytoplasm. Organelles, or the functional as well as the structural compartments, are basically separated from each another by means of these membranes.

The nuclear membrane, the Golgi apparatus, endosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vesicles, as well as the membrane are among the organelles which constitute the endomembrane system.

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Answer:

that's because the Natural selection acts on populations. Individuals do not evolve in genetic evolutionary terms. Individuals may mutate, but natural selection acts by shifting the characteristics of the population as a whole.

Explanation:

The normal range for glucose levels in patients who have undergone surgery is 70-150 mg/dL.

This range is slightly lower than the normal range for those who have not had surgery, which is typically 70-99 mg/dL, because patients who have had surgery are more likely to experience low blood sugar levels due to the body’s response to the stress of surgery.A collection of common endocrine illnesses known as diabetes, sometimes known as diabetes mellitus, are characterised by persistently elevated blood sugar levels. Pregnancy can exacerbate either type 1 diabetes, which is caused by a loss of insulin-secreting beta cells in the pancreas as a result of an autoimmune reaction, or type 2 diabetes, which is caused by an imbalance between blood sugar levels and insulin production (gestational diabetes).

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When a gene is inherited from only one parent, and a normal gene is inherited from the other parent, the offspring will not have  that genetic condition or characteristic.

A gene is the most fundamental physical and functional element of heredity. DNA is the building block of genes. Certain genes serve as blueprints for the creation of proteins. Many genes, however, do not code for proteins. Genes in humans range in size from a few hundred DNA bases to over 2 million bases.

Our genes contain information that is passed down from generation to generation. For example, genes are responsible for one child having blonde hair like their mother and their sibling having brown hair like their father. Genes also influence whether some illnesses run in families and whether newborns are male or female.

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Option a)   Biological treatments often bring great relief when other approaches have failed. is  the following statements concerning the biological model is FALSE

A biological model is a living creature or system that represents a larger biological entity. A model organism is a non-human animal that has been carefully studied in order to understand certain biological phenomena found in many related creatures. an in vitro model system that represents complex in vivo systems.

The fear reaction is an example of a biological approach to psychology. The fight, flight, or freeze reaction is triggered by the fear response. The path of action taken by an individual in the presence of a stressor is determined by their biological make-up.

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The bar graph above shows the differences in water cloudiness between Parts 1-A and 1-B. The results indicate that the water in Part 1-B was significantly cloudier than the water in Part 1-A.

Water is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of most living organisms. It is vital for all known forms of life, even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients. Its chemical formula is H2O, meaning that each of its molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, connected by covalent bonds. Water is the name of the liquid state of H2O at standard ambient temperature and pressure. It forms precipitation in the form of rain and aerosols in the form of fog. Clouds are formed from suspended droplets of water and ice, its solid state. When finely divided, crystalline ice may precipitate in the form of snow. The gaseous state of water is steam or water vapor.

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Answer:

True

Explanation:

Cnidarian, also named coelenterate, is any member of the phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata), a group made up of more than 9,000 living species. This includes the animals you listed, they lack backbones and have radial symmetry. This allows them to sting and capture food from any direction.

The E. coli bacteria have been given the new synthetic nucleotides to boost the quantity of amino acids they can generate. which can help with the development of new drugs and other applications.

A collection of procedures known as DNA recombinant technology are employed in molecular biology laboratories to create organisms that may express alien exogenous nucleotide sequences, in this case novel amino acids in bacteria.

This information demonstrates the value of DNA recombinant technology in the creation of novel proteins.

synthetic nucleotides  combines ideas from biology, engineering, and computer science to design and build new biological systems or alter existing ones for particular goals.

In order to develop novel biological functions and uses, it entails designing, building, and manipulating genetic materials, biological pathways, and complete organisms. In addition to many other domains, synthetic biology has applications in biotechnology, environmental science, and medicine.

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Insulin acts to reduce glucose production and increase glucose uptake and utilization in the body. By inhibiting gluconeogenesis, insulin helps to maintain normal blood glucose levels and prevent hyperglycemia.

Insulin is a hormone which is produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism in the body. Insulin acts to lower blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and utilization of glucose by cells, and by inhibiting processes that increase glucose production, such as gluconeogenesis.

Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process that occurs primarily in the liver and kidneys, where glucose is synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors such as amino acids and fats.

Insulin inhibits gluconeogenesis by decreasing the expression and activity of key enzymes involved in the process, such as glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase.

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A consumer is a member of the food chain who relies on other consumers or autotrophs (producers) for food, nutrition, and energy.

As a result, consumers must rely on the intake and digestion of producers, other consumers, or both in order to survive.

Consumers have been divided into primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary categories based on where they are in the trophic chain and the type of organisms they consume.

The second trophic level is home to primary consumers, which eat producers. Primary consumers can include everything from enormous animals like elephants to small organisms like zooplankton.

The third trophic level's secondary consumers eat the food that the main consumers produce. The fourth trophic level is occupied by tertiary consumers, who feed on secondary consumers.

The fifth trophic level is occupied by quaternary consumers, who feed on tertiary consumers.

As an illustration, consider the following food chain: Grass, Insects, Frog, Snake, Eagle; Insects are primary consumers, Frog is secondary, Snake is tertiary, and Eagle is quaternary.

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The major criteria used in placing bacteria into different groups is based on differences in Cell Wall Structure.

What is a cell wall?

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The process by which a germ cell’s complement of chromosomes is halved in the formation of gametes is called meiosis.

Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a germ cell by half, resulting in four haploid (n) daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes (half the genetic material) of the parent cell. The process of meiosis begins with a diploid (2n) parent cell containing two sets of chromosomes (one from the mother and one from the father). During prophase I, the chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane breaks down. Homologous chromosomes (chromosomes with similar genetic information) pair up to form tetrads. During metaphase I, the tetrads line up on the metaphase plate. At anaphase I, the homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell. Then, during telophase I, the cell divides and two daughter cells are formed.

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George Herbert Mead helped to  set up the theoretical perspective of emblematic  interactionism by promoting the idea that meaning is generated through ongoing social processes and interpersonal  relations.  

He further argued that people's characters were  also created and negotiated through  relations that helped shape their individual sense of identity, connected them to group  individualities, and  backed in their enculturation. Mead believed that our  studies,  tone- conception, and the wider community we live in are created through communication — emblematic  commerce. The book that lays out his  proposition, Mind, tone, and Society, describes how language is essential for these three critical  mortal characteristics to develop. Emblematic interactionism is a theoretical approach to understanding the relationship between humans and society. The introductory notion of emblematic interactionism is that mortal action and commerce are accessible only through the exchange of meaningful communication or symbols.

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The reticular formation area's diffuse input to a cortex, relayed by the thalamus, maintains the cortex active throughout awake.

The hypothalamus and brain stem, situated at the bottom of the brain, collaborate to regulate when people are awake and asleep.The Ch5-Ch6 neurons' effects on arousal, attention, and sleep are thought to be partially mediated via the reticular activating system, which is conventionally linked to the thalamic intralaminar and reticular nuclei.Visceral, somatic, & sensory systems all provide information to the RAS. This system uses acetylcholine, serotonin, noradrenaline, dopamine, histamine, and hypocretin as neurotransmitters. The cerebellum may play a role in controlling sleep and/or wakefulness because cerebellar dysfunction can cause sleep disturbances such excessive daytime sleepiness.

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The oxygen that is produced by photosynthetic marine organisms is incorporated into sediments and then eventually formed into rocks. So the correct option is A.

Oxygen enters the ocean usually in the surface of the water as it is under direct contact with the atmosphere. It forms a dissolved oxygen in the water.From there the oxygen is then brought to greater depths through the sinking and circulation of water masses.

The ocean produces oxygen through the plants phytoplankton, kelp, and algal plankton that live in it. These plants produce oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis, a process which converts carbon dioxide and sunlight into sugars the organism can use for energy.

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The classification scope is the set of criteria used to determine what data should be classified. The classification process is the set of procedures used to handle classified data.

This may include the sensitivity of the data, the potential impact of unauthorized disclosure, the level of access required to view the data, and other factors. This includes steps such as identifying the owner of the data, assigning a classification level, setting access controls, securely storing the data, and providing training to authorized personnel. The classification scope is the first step in the classification process. It helps organizations determine what data should be classified and at what level. When the scope is established, organizations can then move on to the classification process. This involves assigning an appropriate classification level to the data, such as confidential, secret, or top secret.

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Answer:

they have same characteristics

Explanation:

they have similar characteristics