The interstellar matter is the hydrogen and the helium will gives the narrow absorption lines in the spectra of the some stars.
The interstellar matter is composed of the multiple phases that will distinguished by the whether matter is the ionic, atomic, or the molecular, and the temperature and the density of the matter. The interstellar medium is the composed the primarily, of the hydrogen atom , followed by the helium atom with the trace amounts of the carbon, the oxygen, and the nitrogen.
The matter will creates the narrow absorption of the lines in the spectra of the some of the stars.
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what is the half-life of a radioactive isotope?a.
A radionuclide's half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of its radioactive atoms to decay.
Because some atomic nuclei contain excess nuclear charge that makes them unstable, these nuclei undergo radioactive decay to transform into stable nuclei. These substances are known as radioactive substances.
Any of multiple species of the same chemical element with differing masses whose nuclei are unstable and spontaneously produce radiation in the form of alpha, beta, and gamma rays are known as radioactive isotopes, also known as radioisotopes, radionuclides, or radioactive nuclides.
The half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. 5,730 years after the organism perished, just half of the original carbon-14 isotope will be present in the fossil.
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a system that can interact with its environment undergoes a natural, spontaneous process.
A spontaneous process is one that takes place without the system receiving any outside input. Without the usage of external energy, this process happens naturally.
What kind of natural process might be considered spontaneous?One wholly independent of external energy input, a spontaneous process happens on its own. As an illustration, a ball will roll down a slope; water will flow downwards; ice will melt into fluid; radioisotopes will decay; and iron will rust.
What are spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes?When specific conditions are met, a spontaneous process will take place. On the other hand, a nonspontaneous process won't start unless energy is continuously supplied from outside the system, or it is "driven" by that energy.
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What is the specific weight of water in SI units?
The specific weight of water is 9.81 kN/m³ in SI units.
The specific weight is a measure of the weight per unit volume of a material. In the case of water, it is the weight of a given volume of water under the influence of gravity. The specific weight is different from density, which is a measure of the mass per unit volume of a substance.
In SI units, the specific weight of water is typically expressed in newtons per cubic meter (N/m³) or kilonewtons per cubic meter (kN/m³). Since the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s², the specific weight of water is 9.81 kN/m³.
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At the beginning of the second stage of aerobic respiration, pyruvate brings in carbon atoms. By the end of the second stage of aerobic respiration, where do those carbon atoms end up? A. Glucose B. Coenzyme C. Carbon dioxide
By the end of the second stage of aerobic respiration, the carbon atoms originally present in pyruvate end up as carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules.
What is aerobic respiration?
Cells employ oxygen during the process of aerobic respiration to create energy from food molecules like glucose. It is a metabolic pathway that takes place in prokaryotic cells' cytoplasm and the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. By oxidising glucose in the presence of oxygen, aerobic respiration is a very effective process that releases a significant quantity of energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
The carbon atoms that were initially present in pyruvate end up as carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules by the time the second stage of aerobic respiration is complete. Pyruvate is oxidised to produce acetyl CoA during the second step, also referred to as the Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle, and this substance subsequently enters the Krebs cycle. Acetyl CoA is converted into carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP during this cycle. At numerous phases of the Krebs cycle, the carbon atoms in acetyl CoA are fully oxidised to CO2, and then they are discharged as a waste product by respiration.
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After glycolysis but before the citric acid cycle,
A. glucose is split, producing two molecules of pyruvate.
B. coenzyme A is cleaved off pyruvate.
C. pyruvate is oxidized.
D. a carbon atom is added to pyruvate to make a four-carbon compound.
After the glycolysis but before the citric acid cycle , the pyruvate is oxidized. The correct option is C.
The glycolysis is the process in which the glucose is partially broken down by the cells in the enzyme reactions that do not need the oxygen. Glycolysis is one of the method that cells use to produce the energy.
During the glycolysis, glucose is split in to the two molecules of the pyruvate, and the small amount of the ATP and the NADH is produced. After the glycolysis, the pyruvate molecules are transported in the mitochondria, the pyruvate is oxidized where they undergo the series of the reactions before entering the citric acid cycle. therefore option C is correct.
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what mass of uranium contains the same number of atoms as 25.0 g of potassium (can you the work please)
Answer:
approximately equal to 152 grams of uranium
Explanation:
1. to find the number of atoms in 25.0 grams of potassium, we can find the number of moles of potassium in 25.0 g by dividing that by the molar mass (found on a standard IUPAC periodic table) and then multiply that by Avogadro's constant, the number of 'items' (molecules, atoms, ions, etc...), which is 6.022×10²³ to get the number of atoms in 25.0 g of potassium.
n(K) = m/M = 25.0/39.10 = 0.639386... mol of potassium.
N(K) = n×Nₐ = 0.639386...×6.022×10²³ = 3.85038...×10²³ atoms
2. In uranium, 3.85038...×10²³ atoms also equals 0.639386... moles. We can multiply this number by the molar mass of uranium (grams per mole), to get the mass of uranium.
m(U) = nM = 0.639386...×238.0 = 152.1738...
Therefore, the mass of uranium which contains the same number of atoms as 25.0 g of potassium ≈ 152 g
Name the first 3 alkali metals in group 1
Answer:
Explanation:
Francium, Sodium, Potassium
Two blocks each of mass m are fastened to the top of an elevator has an upward acceleration a. The strings have negligible mass. (a) find the tensions t1 and t2 in the upper and lower strings in terms of m,a, and g. (b) compare the two tensions and determine which string would break first if a is made sufficiently large.(c) what are the tensions if the cable supporting the elevator breaks?
Two blocks each of mass m are fastened to the top of an elevator has an upward acceleration a, t₂=m₂g, b, (m₁+m₂)g, c, m₂=t/(a+g).
a) We may write the equilibrium equations for M₁ and M₂ as follows since there are only two forces operating on the blocks—tensions and weights, both of which are directed vertically.
t₁-t₂-m₁g=0
t₂-m₂g=0
the result of the second equation is
t₂g=m₂g
Which is the part A response.
b) We then enter this outcome into the first equation and get:
t₁-m₂g-m₁g=0
t₁=(m₁+m2)g
Which serves as the response to portion B.
c) We must first understand that the acceleration caused by mass M2 is equal to both the normal acceleration and the acceleration caused by gravity. T will exert the following stress on both objects:
t=m₂a+m₂g
t=m₂(a+g)
m₂=t/(a+g)
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A sample of hydrogen has a volume of 4.25 L at a temperature of 28°C and a pressure of 1.25 atm. Calculate the moles of H2 molecules present in this gas sample.
Therefore, the sample of hydrogen gas contains 0.164 moles of H2 molecules.
What is moles?Moles (symbol: mol) is a unit of measurement that is commonly used in chemistry to express the amount of a substance. One mole is defined as the amount of a substance that contains as many elementary entities (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12. The number of elementary entities in one mole is known as Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 x 10^23. This means that one mole of any substance contains 6.022 x 10^23 elementary entities. The concept of moles is important in chemistry because it allows us to easily compare and relate the amount of different substances in chemical reactions. For example, if we know the number of moles of a reactant and the stoichiometry of a reaction, we can calculate the number of moles of product that will be produced. This makes it possible to predict and control the outcome of chemical reactions.
Here,
To solve this problem, we can use the ideal gas law:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in kelvin.
First, we need to convert the temperature to kelvin:
T = 28°C + 273.15 = 301.15 K
Next, we can plug in the given values and solve for n:
n = (PV)/(RT)
n = (1.25 atm)(4.25 L)/(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(301.15 K)
n = 0.164 mol
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what is the volume of a solution that has a specific gravity of 1.2 and a mass of 185g
Answer:
≈154ml
Explanation:
To find the volume of a solution, we need to know its mass and its density (specific gravity is a measure of density). We can use the formula:
density = mass / volume
to solve for the volume.
In this case, we are given the mass of the solution, which is 185g, and the specific gravity, which is 1.2. The specific gravity is a ratio of the density of the solution to the density of water. Since the density of water is 1 g/mL, we can use the specific gravity to find the density of the solution:
density of solution = specific gravity x density of water = 1.2 x 1 g/mL = 1.2 g/mL
Now we can use the density formula to solve for the volume:
density = mass / volume
1.2 g/mL = 185 g / volume
volume = 185 g / 1.2 g/mL ≈ 154 mL
Therefore, the volume of the solution is approximately 154 mL.
A nonsense mutation occurs in the 267th codon of a gene that encodes a 500 amino acid protein. How many amino acids does the mutated polypeptide contain? A. 266 B. 267 C. 268 D. 500
When a nonsense mutation occurs in the 267th codon of a gene that encodes a 500 amino acid protein. The number of amino acids does the mutated polypeptide contain is 266. Hence, the correct choice is A.
Generally mutation is defined as an alteration in the genes or chromosomes of a cell. This genes shift or the mutation in the gametes may impact the development and structure of the progeny. A mutation in biology is defined as a modification of the nucleic acid sequence of a virus, extrachromosomal DNA, or the genome of an organism.
Hence, the correct option is A.
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What is the percentage of p character in the hybrid orbitals on the carbon atoms in this structure? 12% 25% 33% 50% 75% Not all the carbons have the same hybridization, so the percentage of p character varies
The hybridization are of different types like sp³, sp², sp, etc. The percentage of 's' and 'p' character in these hybrid orbitals will be different. The percentage of p character in the hybrid orbitals of methane and water is 75%. The correct option is A.
What is hybridization?The process in which the hybrid orbitals are produced by the linear combination of atomic orbitals of the same atom is defined as the hybridization. The orbitals undergoing hybridization have comparable energies.
Each sp³ hybrid orbital has 25% 's' character and 75% 'p' character. Here both methane and water have sp³ hybridization. The sp³ hybrid orbitals are oriented in a tetrahedral manner and the bond angle is 109°28¹.
Thus the correct option is A.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was:
What is the percentage of p character in the hybrid orbitals on the carbon atoms in this structure of methane and water?
A. 75%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 33%
E. 12%
Mass (g) to mass (g)
2Al + 3H2SO4 > Al2 (SO4)3 + 3H2
How many grams of aluminum sulfate would be formed if 22 moles of H2SO4 completely reacted with aluminum
Lab Solubility Student Guide (NEED ANSWERS)
Informational Goals Do a lab procedure to investigate the connection between temperature and solubility.
What's the current temperature?According to temperature, heat energy will naturally move from a hotter body one with a higher temperature to a colder object one with a lower temperature.
The velocity of these particles likewise increases as the temperature rises. A thermometers or a digital thermometer is used to determine the temperature. The SI unit for temperature, oC, is symbolised by the symbol ′T′. The Celsius scale, the Fahrenheit scale, and the Kelvin scale are the three scales that are most frequently used to measure temperature.
A Kelvin scale is what?This scale too is known as the SI temperature scale. Most of the scientific community uses it. It was created to pay tribute to renowned physicist Lord Kelvin.
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Answer:
These are the answers and the scatterplot
Explanation:
The 1st pdf is from someone else ("998129") and I did the scatterplot since it asks for it at the bottom of the student guide
-Edge 2023
explain what determines the ratio of positive ions to negative ions in an ionic crystal
In an ionic crystal the ratio is determined by the number of electrons transferred from the metal atom to the non-metal atom.
Generally, the ions arrange themselves in such a way that each positive ion is surrounded by negative ions and each negative ion is surrounded by positive ions. Basically the overall arrangement of ions in a crystal is called a lattice.
Basically ionic crystals are defined as the crystal that consists of ions. These ions are often bounded together by the electrostatic forces of attraction. Let's see some of the examples of ionic crystal which are alkali halide such as potassium fluoride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, sodium fluoride, etc.
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How electrons if n=3 and (l=2 or m=0)
Answer:
2 e
Explanation:
d orbit contain 10 electrons .
How many percent alcohol content in beer?
Depending on the beer's and brewing method, the alcohol concentration can vary greatly, however most beers normally have an driving.Alcohol is a common part of many civilizations
Alcohol is a molecule that is created when sugar or starch is fermented in a variety of drinks, such as beer, wine, and spirits. It is a psychoactive chemical that affects the central nervous system and has many different physiological effects, such as euphoria, relaxation, lowered inhibitions poor judgement, and reduced response times. Although alcohol is frequently consumed for its social or recreational benefits, excessive consumption can have negative health effects. Many health issues, such as liver damage, high blood pressure, and an increased risk of cancer can result from excessive alcohol use. Also, it can raise the chance of accidents and injuries, particularly those brought on
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___ a mixture of elements that has metallic properties
Answer:
An alloy
Explanation:
An alloy is a mixture of elements that has metallic properties.
Please help will mark brainlist!!! Sophie is planning g the steps of an investigation. At what point should Sophie plan on first identifying the species of fly found on human remains? A.when maggot masses have stopped growing B. When multiple species of flies are observed C. When only eggs can be found D. When the air temperature is falling
Answer:
C. When only eggs can be found
If 89.5g of Ag were produced in the following reaction how many grams of Cu reacted?
Cu+2agNO3–>Cu(NO3)2+2Ag
Show your work
Answer:
To solve this problem, we need to use the balanced chemical equation and the molar mass of Cu and Ag to determine the amount of Cu that reacted and the amount of Ag produced.
The balanced chemical equation is:
Cu + 2AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag
From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of Cu reacts with 2 moles of Ag to produce 1 mole of Cu(NO3)2 and 2 moles of Ag. This means that the ratio of Cu to Ag in the reaction is 1:2.
To find the amount of Cu that reacted, we can use the ratio of Cu to Ag and the mass of Ag produced:
Molar mass of Cu = 63.55 g/mol
Molar mass of Ag = 107.87 g/mol
Mass of Ag produced = 89.5 g
Number of moles of Ag produced = mass / molar mass = 89.5 g / 107.87 g/mol = 0.829 mol
Since the ratio of Cu to Ag is 1:2, the number of moles of Cu that reacted is half the number of moles of Ag produced:
Number of moles of Cu = 0.829 mol / 2 = 0.4145 mol
To find the mass of Cu that reacted, we can use the number of moles of Cu and the molar mass of Cu:
Mass of Cu reacted = number of moles of Cu × molar mass of Cu = 0.4145 mol × 63.55 g/mol = 26.32 g
Therefore, 26.32 grams of Cu reacted in the reaction.
Explanation:
what major products are formed when trimyristin is treated with naoh in aqueous ethanol?
Re-extracting trimyristin with Hf in aqueous ethanol results in the production of carboxyl group and glycerol.
What is the ethanol used for?
When diluted, all alcoholic beverages—beer, wine, and spirits—contain ethanol. To stop skin infections, it is a topical component used in cosmetics, perfumes, and pharmaceutical preparations such rub complexes, lotions, tonics, and colognes.
Why does ethanol show up in gas?
Due to its higher octane number than gasoline, ethanol offers better mixing capabilities. Regulations requiring a minimum octane number in fuel avoid engine knocking and guarantee drivability. For environmental purposes, ethanol is less harmful than unblended petrol.
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atoms always become smaller when they electrons and form ions with a
Atoms are the smallest units of matter that have all the characteristics of an element.
Is an atom smaller than an electron?The first exact theory explaining the creation of matter was Dalton's Atomic Theory: 1. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are indivisible and unbreakable atoms are the smallest units of matter that have all the classification of an element. Atoms combine to form molecules. Atoms are composed of smaller enduring known as protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Atoms together to form molecules. Atoms are composed of smaller speck known as protons, neutrons, and electrons.
So we can conclude that An atom gets larger as the symbol of electronic shells increase
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When using acids and bases, note that these substances are _______. Make every effort to avoid contact with ________. Be sure to wipe up any spills _________.
When using acids and bases, note that these substances are corrosive. Make every effort to avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Be sure to wipe up any spills immediately.
Acids and bases are corrosive substances, which means they can cause damage to living tissues and other materials they come into contact with. Therefore, it is essential to take precautions when handling them.
Firstly, it is important to avoid any contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. If you do come into contact with an acid or base, immediately rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if necessary.
Secondly, any spills should be cleaned up immediately to prevent further damage or harm. You should wear appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves and safety goggles, when handling these substances to reduce the risk of exposure.
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The system below was at equilibrium in a
2.0 L container. What change will occur
for the system when the container is
expanded to 5.0 L?
2NO(g) + O2(g) ⇒ 2NO2(g) + 113.06 kJ
A The reactions shifts to the left (reactants) to produce more moles of gas
B The reactions shifts to the left (products) to produce more moles of gas
C There is no change because there are the same number of moles of gas on both sides
The reactions shifts to the left (reactants) to produce more moles of gas. Therefore, the correct option is option A.
What is equilibrium?
Equilibrium is commonly characterized as a condition of rest in which no change occurs. A body in equilibrium will have no either negative or positive energy exchanges.
The equilibrium state is defined differently in biology, physics, and chemistry. Yet, the underlying principle remains the same. External forces will have little effect on an organism that is in balance. When the volume grows, the pressure lowers, and the equilibrium shifts to the left.
Therefore, the correct option is option A.
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what is molar mass of ethanol?
The molar mass of the ethanol is 46 g/mol. The ethanol is the covalent compound.
The chemical formula for the organic compound ethanol is C₂H₅OH.
The molar mass of the ethanol that is C₂H₅OH is as follows :
The molar mass of the ethanol, C₂H₅OH = 2(12) + 1 (6) + 1 (16)
The molar mass of the ethanol, C₂H₅OH = 46 g/mol
The ethanol is the covalent compound. The covalent bond is formed in between the atoms or the molecules by the mutual sharing of the electrons. The compound formed by the covalent bond is called as the covalent compound.
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term for the negatively charged subatomic particle are called____
An atom has a charged as well as neutral particles and these particles is called subatomic. The term for the negatively charged subatomic particle are called electrons.
An atom is the smallest unit of matter. There are three main types of subatomic particles : protons, neutrons and electrons. Two subatomic particles have charged particles, that is, protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged. An electron is a daughter particle of an atom, a negatively charged particle that orbits around the nucleus at a constant. Scientist J. J. Thompson discovers the electron. An electron has a charge of negative 1.60217662 × 10⁻¹⁹ Coulombs. The mass of a electron is 9.1093835× 10⁻³¹kg.
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Sodium metal reacts with sulfuric acid. The balanced equation is: 2Na + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + H2
Calculate the mass of sodium needed to produce 100g of hydrogen gas.
[Relative atomic masses:
H =1; Na =23]
Answer:A balanced chemical equation provides a great deal of information in a very succinct format. Chemical formulas
provide the identities of the reactants and products involved in the chemical change, allowing classification of the
reaction. Coefficients provide the relative numbers of these chemical species, allowing a quantitative assessment
of the relationships between the amounts of substances consumed and produced by the reaction. These quantitative
relationships are known as the reaction’s stoichiometry, a term derived from the Greek words stoicheion (meaning
“element”) and metron (meaning “measure”). In this module, the use of balanced chemical equations for various
stoichiometric applications is explored.
The general approach to using stoichiometric relationships is similar in concept to the way people go about many
common activities. Food preparation, for example, offers an appropriate comparison. A recipe for making eight
pancakes calls for 1 cup pancake mix, 3
4
cup milk, and one egg. The “equation” representing the preparation of
pancakes per this recipe is
1 cup mix + 3
4
cup milk + 1 egg ⟶ 8 pancakes
If two dozen pancakes are needed for a big family breakfast, the ingredient amounts must be increased proportionally
according to the amounts given in the recipe. For example, the number of eggs required to make 24 pancakes is
24 pancakes ×
1 egg
8 pancakes = 3 eggs
Balanced chemical equations are used in much the same fashion to determine the amount of one reactant required to
react with a given amount of another reactant, or to yield a given amount of product, and so forth. The coefficients in
the balanced equation are used to derive stoichiometric factors that permit computation of the desired quantity. To
illustrate this idea, consider the production of ammonia by reaction of hydrogen and nitrogen:
N2
(g) + 3H2
(g) ⟶ 2NH3
(g)
This equation shows ammonia molecules are produced from hydrogen molecules in a 2:3 ratio, and stoichiometric
factors may be derived using any amount (number) unit:
2 NH3 molecules
3 H2 molecules or
2 doz NH3 molecules
3 doz H2 molecules or
2 mol NH3 molecules
3 mol H2 molecules
These stoichiometric factors can be used to compute the number of ammonia molecules produced from a given
number of hydrogen molecules, or the number of hydrogen molecules required to produce a given number of
ammonia molecules. Similar factors may be derived for any pair of substances in any chemical equation.
Explanation:
Answer:
2.3 kg.
Explanation:
The balanced equation tells us that 2 moles of sodium (Na) reacts with 1 mole of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas (H2).
To calculate the mass of sodium needed to produce 100g of hydrogen gas, we need to use the following steps:
Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas produced from 100g of hydrogen gas.
Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of sodium required to produce that amount of hydrogen gas.
Convert the moles of sodium to grams using the molar mass of sodium.
Step 1:
The molar mass of hydrogen gas (H2) is 2 g/mol. Therefore, 100g of hydrogen gas is equal to 100/2 = 50 moles of H2.
Step 2:
From the balanced equation, 2 moles of Na reacts with 1 mole of H2. So, the number of moles of Na required to produce 50 moles of H2 is:
2 moles Na / 1 mole H2 = 2 * 50 = 100 moles Na
Step 3:
The molar mass of sodium (Na) is 23 g/mol. Therefore, the mass of sodium required to produce 100g of hydrogen gas is:
100 moles Na * 23 g/mol = 2300g or 2.3 kg of Na
Therefore, the mass of sodium needed to produce 100g of hydrogen gas is 2.3 kg.
How many moles are in 9.50g of co2? Show your work
Consider the directing effects of the substituents on salicylamide and predict the possible structures of the iodination product.
OH is an ortho/para directing activating substituent. The amide group inhibits the activity of the meta directing substituent. 3 and 5 positions appear to be the most advantageous.
What is salicylamide?Salicyl amide is indeed a non-prescription analgesic and antipyretic medication. Its medical applications are comparable to that of aspirin. In the prescription pain reliever Pain Aid, salicyl amide is combined with aspirin and caffeine.
OH is an ortho/para directing activating substituent. The amide group inhibits the activity of the meta directing substituent. When both impacts are considered, the 3 and 5 positions appear to be the most advantageous.
Therefore, 3 and 5 positions appear to be the most advantageous.
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identify the acid associated with each conjugate base.I–
SO42–
F–
OH–
Cl–
The acid associated with each conjugate base is HI for I⁻, H₂SO₄ for SO₄²⁻, HF for F⁻, H₂O for OH⁻, and HCl for Cl⁻.
In an acid-base reaction, an acid donates a proton (H⁺) to a base, which accepts the proton to form a conjugate acid-base pair. The conjugate base is formed when the acid donates a proton and loses its positive charge. Each conjugate base is associated with its parent acid, which is the acid that donates a proton to form the conjugate base.
I- is the conjugate base of HI (hydroiodic acid), SO₄²⁻ is the conjugate base of H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid), F⁻ is the conjugate base of HF (hydrofluoric acid), OH⁻ is the conjugate base of H₂O (water), and Cl⁻ is the conjugate base of HCl (hydrochloric acid).
Therefore, HI is the acid associated with I⁻, H₂SO₄ is the acid associated with SO₄²⁻, HF is the acid associated with F⁻, H₂O is the acid associated with OH⁻, and HCl is the acid associated with Cl⁻.
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