Proteins are made using information from DNA by the process of Transcription, namely the process of forming codons or mRNA from DNA templates.
What are proteins?Proteins are macromolecules or giant molecules which are a combination of amino acids via peptide bonds. In other words, proteins are formed from the polymerization of amino acids.
The process of forming mRNA or codons from DNA is called transcription. In the process of protein synthesis, there are two stages, namely transcription, and translation. Transcription is the process of forming codons or mRNA from a DNA template. This process occurs in the nucleus.
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(ii) The number and size of the Golgi apparatus in the maize cell increases during
one stage of the cell cycle.
In which stage of the cell cycle would the number and size of the Golgi
apparatus increase?
Answer:
Explanation:
Golgi protein levels increase during interphase. The Golgi apparatus, like other organelles, is thought to double in size or number prior to equal partitioning between daughter cells (2).
which of these should be reportable reasons to protect public health? a) Skin cancer b) Heart disease c) HIV d) Diabetes
Answer: c (HIV)
Explanation: Skin cancer, heart disease, and diabetes cannot be passed down unless it's hereditary though HIV being a sexually transmitted disease should be reported for that reason.
Which is the synthetic equivalent of corticosteroids produced by the adrenal glands?
Fludrocortisone is a synthetic mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal glands. Synthetic corticosteroids are exogenous analogues of naturally occurring glucocorticoids and mineral corticoids produced by the adrenal glands.
Corticosteroids are natural hormones made by the adrenal cortex which are important for maintaining good health. There are two types of corticosteroids, the glucocorticoids and the mineralocorticoids. The major corticosteroids are aldosterone and cortisol and they are secreted from the adrenal cortex .The major adrenal hormones are synthesized at different locations of adrenal cortex like glucocorticoids (particularly cortisol) is made in the zona fasciculata (ZF), androgens and estrogens in the zona reticularis (ZR), and aldosterone in the zona glomerulosa (ZG).
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This linked dataset Links to an external site. Lists body masses in kilograms for 20 mammal species, and their corresponding base metabolic rate in Watts. Copy the data into your preferred spreadsheet program, perform a natural log transform of both the base metabolic rates and the body masses of the mammals to improve the linear relationship, and then perform a linear regression on the data using the trendline feature. Use the linear regression equation to estimate (based on these data) what the base metabolic rate of a human of 40.57 kilograms is likely to be.
Some hints and suggestions: • Remember that your variables have been transformed, so you will need to account for this as you find the base rate in Watts. • When answering, input only digits, with no spaces, and round to two decimal places. 1 Mammal Size (kg) Base Metabolism (Watts) 2 4.67 11.57 3 1.02 2.56 4 0.206 0.73 5 0.19 0.86 6 0.105 0.55 7 0.3 1.1 8 61.235 61.16 9 0.2615 1.2 10 1.039 2.93 11 0.061 0.42 12 0.2615 1.2 13 127.006 105.34 14 70 82.78 15 2.33 4.2 16 1.3 1.73 17 9.5 16.05 18 1.011 2.07 19 0.225 1.3 20 0.8 4.39 21 102.058 89.55
The linear regression equation shows that the base metabolic rate of a human of 40.57 kilograms is likely to be 9.557.
How to explain the information?It should be noted that regression simply means a set of statistical process that is used for the estimation of the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable. In the linear regression, it should be noted that the slope is the a that van be seen on the linear equation y = a + bx.
Based on the information given, it should be noted that for the human with a metabolic rate of 40.57 kilograms, the natural log will simply be:
x = In(40.57)
x = 1.6082
Therefore, the natural log for the metabolism rate will be:
Y = a + bx
Y = 1.0648 + (0.74148x)
Y = 1.0648 + (0.74148 × 1.6082)
Y = 1.0648 + 1.1925
Y = 2.2573
Then, we'll then take the inverse log of the above value which will be 9.557.
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The probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder is ________ .
The probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder is 50%.
Men and women have different chances of passing on X-linked dominant conditions since men only have one X and one Y chromosomes, whereas women have two X chromosomes. All of a man's sons inherit his Y chromosome, and all of his daughters inherit his X chromosome. As a result, only his daughters will be afflicted if a man has an X-linked dominant ailment; his sons will not be affected. Each child of a woman inherits either one or the other of her X chromosomes. With each pregnancy, a woman who carries an X-linked dominant disorder on one of the X chromosomes has a 50% chance of giving birth to a child who carries the disorder be it boy or girl.Hence, the probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder will be 50%.learn more about X linked dominant condition here: https://brainly.com/question/20584746
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The probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder is 50%.
What are chromosomes and what do they do?Chromosomes are the thin, threadlike components of both plant and animal cell nuclei. They consist of one molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid and one protein (DNA). The chromosomes are in charge of holding the instructions that give the kids their own identity while also displaying qualities from the parents when the genetic material is passed from parents to the child.
A chromosome's functionThe genetic information and a large number of the proteins necessary for its expression are both stored on the chromosome. The frequency and type of gene translation into proteins are controlled by their intricate form and structure. Generating organisms is accomplished by a process known as gene expression. How often a gene is expressed depends on how tightly packed the chromosome is at a certain place. Less actively transcribed genes will be clustered more closely together than actively transcribed genes, as can be seen in the chromosome structure image below. When these proteins are activated or deactivated, the chromosome can constrict or extend, which is how many cellular molecules that control genes and transcription function. Every protein is turned on during cell division.
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A laboratory technologist has identified a new type of protist. This protist is heterotrophic, but it also appears to extend threadlike structures into its environment. How could the technologist classify this protist
This protist can be classified as either an animal-like or fungus-like protist.
What are protists?The Kingdom Protista consists of eukaryotic protists.Members of this very diverse kingdom are typically unicellular and less complex in structure than other eukaryotes.Some protists are non-motile, others exhibit locomotion through different methods (flagella or cilia).These may be photosynthetic or heterotrophic.These organisms are often described based on their similarities to the other groups of eukaryotes: animals, plants, and fungi.The observed protist is heterotrophic which is an animal or fungus-like character. And it appears to extend threadlike structures just like the hyphae of a fungus. Therefore, this protist can be classified as either an animal-like or fungus-like protist.Learn more about protists here:
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Coevolution: can produce an insect with a tongue as long as its body. is responsible for nectar production by plants. All of these are correct. is responsible for all the beautiful flowers in the world. reveals that both biotic and abiotic resources can serve as selective forces.
According to the research, the correct option is (c) "All of these are correct".
What is Coevolution?It is the mutual adaptation of two or more species of living organisms in the context of their evolutionary processes.
It is linked to biotic factors, and we can find cases of co-evolution between different plants and insects.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is (c) "All of these are correct".
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Explain how a single allele can exhibit both complete dominance and codominance?
Complete dominance is only one allele in the genotype seen in phenotype .Both alleles genotype are seen in the phenotype.
Alleles aren't fully dominant or recessive to one another, but instead display co-dominance and dominance. Co-dominance occurs when Allen show dominance. ABO blood group is good example of multiple alleles which shows co-dominance passed from parents to the offspring.
Dominance in which dominant allele is fully expressed while suppressing recessive allele effect on phenotype.and co-dominance are the process in which both alleles independently work and express effect without mixing the effects.Both are two types of genetic inheritance. It is a condition which has dominant allele does not completely mask the effect of recessive allele.
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Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called:.
Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called Empty Calories.
Calories can be defined as the amount of energy extracted from the food which an individual eats throughout the day. According to dietary guidelines, a young person [20-25 years old] must intake between 1,600 and 3,000 calories per day.
Foods such as sausages, ice cream, pizza, and soft drinks have a high amount of empty calories because solid fats and added sugars are used in their manufacturing to add flavors and make the food more appealing but they have no nutritional value.
The amount of empty calories a person intakes should be decreased by avoiding such food items and drinks.
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An organism is viewed under low power and occupies approximately ¼ of the field diameter. The field diameter of this particular microscope under low power is 2000 µm. Calculate the actual size of the organism.
The actual size of the organism will be 5 µm.
Microscope magnificationThe organism occupies 1/4 of the field diameter.
The field diameter is 2000 µm. So, the organism occupies 1/4 x 2000 = 500 µm.
The total magnification under the low power objective is 100.
100x = 500, x = 500/100 = 5 µm
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What is the main benefit of storing glucose in a cell as a polysaccharide (e.g., glycogen) instead of as free glucose?
The main benefit of storing glucose in a cell as a polysaccharide (e.g., glycogen) instead of as free glucose is that polysaccharide take up less physical space. The polysaccharide is less susceptible to undesired oxidation.
Glucose molecules are soluble in water and thus can cause the cell to become hypertonic.
This will result in the entry of water molecules within the cells and cause it to lyse.
On the other hand, glycogen is insoluble in water and therefore stays inert. It does not cause any imbalance in osmotic pressure.
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A large forest fire burns in Canada, dropping black carbon on Greenland. Which of the following is true
In the case of the large forest fire burns in Canada, the option that is known to be true is option B: . The Greenland glaciers will melt faster.
How do wildfires affect glaciers?A new study has shown that the exposure of glaciers to any kinds of wildfire smoke can lead to the glaciers melting faster than normal.
Note that this often affects mountain runoff that gives the main freshwater resources for all of life downstream.
Hence, In the case of the large forest fire burns in Canada, the option that is known to be true is option B: . The Greenland glaciers will melt faster.
A large forest fire burns in Canada, dropping black carbon on Greenland. Which of the following is true?
A. The Greenland glaciers will be protected from melting as the ash will insulate the ice.
B. The Greenland glaciers will melt faster.
C. The black carbon will not affect the Greenland glaciers.
D. It is unknown as to what effect the black carbon would have on the Greenland glaciers.
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3. jack is using plastic beads to model water molecules in each state of water. how shoule she the beads to represent water molecules in a solid? a they should be far apart and glued in place b. they should be close together and glued in place c. they should be far apart and allowed to move reely d thay should be close together
Jack should arrange the beads close together and slide past each other to represent water molecules in a liquid.
How are the molecules of water arranged when water is in its liquid phase?Each water molecule contains two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen, arranged such that one side of the molecule (nearest the hydrogens) is positively charged while the other side (nearest the oxygen) is negatively charged.They’re arranged randomly, and in random motion.In fact, they’re not even keeping the same hydrogen atoms, as they are constantly popping off and reforming on the nanosecond time scale.To learn more about water molecules,
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types of magnifying lenses
Answer:
Explanation:
Biconvex lens: Distinguised by two spherical (convex) surfaces. ...
Aspheric Lens: Aspheric curves allow higher magnification with less distortion. ...
Aplanatic Lens: Consists of two equally strong plano-convex lenses. ...
Achromatic Lens: Top quality lens.
What is the function of the fungal structure shown?
• A. Nutrient absorption
• B. Photosynthesis
• C. Reproduction
D. Energy production
Assume you are growing bacteria on a lipid medium that started at pH 7. The action of bacterial lipases should cause the pH of the medium to Group of answer choices Decrease. Stay the same. Increase.
The action of bacterial lipases should cause the pH of the medium to decrease.
Do bacteria have lipase?The majority of lipase-producing microbes are bacteria, fungus, and yeast. Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus sp., and Burkholderia sp. are the most typical bacterial suppliers of lipases. Lipases are mostly produced by bacteria especially Bacillus species whose pH is 7.0
The majority of bacterial lipases are extracellular and are made through submerged fermentation. Along with some more contemporary techniques such as reverse micellar and aqueous two-phase systems, hydrophobic interaction chromatography is the method that is most frequently used to purify enzymes. Most lipases can act in a wide range of pH and temperature, though alkaline bacterial lipases are more common.
In relation to the pH, since lipases produce fatty acids, we can expect that the pH decreases, given the acid character of the fatty acids.
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PLEASE ANSWER QUICK
What makes eukaryotes different from prokaryotes?
Multicellularity
All of the choices
Highly Organized Cell Interior
Sexual Reproduction
Answer:Scientists believe that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes around 2.7 billion years ago. The primary distinction between these two types of organisms is that eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not.
Explanation:
According to the onandaga creation story, where do the seeds that for the trees, grass, and flowers on earth come from?
The seeds that for the trees, grass, and flowers on earth come from branch of the great tree of Skyland.
What is the Onondaga creation story?
When the Earth grew then the two Swans let the wife rest on the Great Turtle's back. When the wife comes to Earth, she opened her hand and the seeds from the Great Tree fell to the earth. Then from those seeds tress and the grass start growing. Life on Earth had now begun in the form of trees, grass and flowers. from branch of the great tree of Skyland the seeds that for the trees, grass, and flowers on earth come.
So we can conclude that the seeds that for the trees, grass, and flowers on earth come from branch of the great tree of Skyland.
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ange the sentences in order to describe how oxygen from air is transported to the cells in the kidneys.
The correct order of the sentences is B A E C D F.
What is the kidney?The kidney is the organ that is responsible for the reabsorption of mineral salts in the body.
The following is the proper order to describe how oxygen from air is transported to the cells in the kidneys;
Air enters the bronchioles in the lunges and reaches the alveoli’sThe air diffuses into the capillaries surrounding alveoli’sThe capillaries join together to reach the arteries transferring the oxygenThe pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the heartThe left atrium fills with oxygen rich blood and contracts to fill the left ventricleThe oxygen rich blood moves from the aorta and reaches the kidneys through a series of blood vesselsLearn more about the kidney:https://brainly.com/question/3645671
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Missing parts:
Arrange the sentences in order to describe how oxygen from air is transported to the cells in the kidneys.
A-The air diffuses into the capillaries surrounding alveoli’s
B-Air enters the bronchioles in the lunges and reaches the alveoli’s
C-The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the heart
D-The left atrium fills with oxygen rich blood and contracts to fill the left ventricle
E-The capillaries join together to reach the arteries transferring the oxygen
F-The oxygen rich blood moves from the aorta and reaches the kidneys through a series of blood vessels
What if the light intensity was 1000, but the only available wavelengths was 400. What do you predict would happen to the ATP production, and why?
ATP production depends only on intensity of light and not on wavelength of light.
The production of plant food, the size and color of leaves, and flowering are all impacted by light intensity. Plants that are grown in low light typically have spindly growth and leaves that are light green. Similar plants cultivated under intense lighting typically have shorter, better branches and larger, dark green leaves.
Lack of light causes the plants' leaves to yellow, their stems to weaken, and their leaves to shrink. Lack of light causes plants to eventually lose their color and perish. The growth of plants can potentially be harmed by excessive light exposure. One of the many elements influencing plant growth is light.
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An organism that uses organic carbon for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called a __ quizlet
Autotroph
An organism that uses organic carbon for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called an autotroph.
What are autotrophs?
An organism that has the ability to make its own food from inorganic materials is known as an autotroph. Contrarily, heterotrophs are organisms that are dependent on the eating of other species for their survival because they are unable to manufacture their own nutrients. Because they frequently provide food for heterotrophs, autotrophs are crucial producers in the ecosystem.
The most prevalent kinds of autotrophs are plants, which make their own food through the process of photosynthesis. In order to create nutrition from light, plants contain a specialized organelle called a chloroplast within their cells. These organelles generate glucose, a basic sugar needed for energy, as well as oxygen as a byproduct when combined with water and carbon dioxide. In addition to providing nutrients for the producing plant, glucose also serves as an energy source for the plants' consumers. Algae, plankton, and some varieties of bacteria are additional examples of autotrophs that engage in photosynthesis.
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Several uses of Fungi are...
They are used in making bread and cheese
They are used in making some medicines
They are the decomposers in many ecosystems
They reproduce by spores
The several uses of fungi are as follows:
They are used in making bread and cheeseThey are used in making some medicinesThey are the decomposers in many ecosystemsWhat are fungi?Fungi are members of the kingdom Fungi characterized by being eukaryotic and have a chitin cell wall but no chlorophyll or plastids.
Fungi may be unicellular or multicellular. Examples of unicellular fungus is yeast while an example of multicellular fungus is mushroom.
However, fungi can be beneficial as well as pathogenic. Some uses of fungi are as follows:
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For the cross in Part B, predict the frequencies of each of the phenotypes in the F1 progeny, and determine the genotype(s) present in each phenotypic class.
The genotype(s) present in each phenotypic class.
yellow round: 3/8, RrYY, RrYy (x2)yellow wrinkled: 3/8, rrYY, rrYy(x2)green round: 1/8, Rryygreen wrinkled: 1/8, rryyGenotype AaBbCc can produce 8 types of gametes, i.e., ABC, Abc, ABc, AbC, abc, aBC, aBc and abC.What is the genotypic ratio of the F1 generation?
Since that component is regarded as dominant, generation F1's genotype ratio of 100 percent Ss hybrid resulted in 100 percent smooth pea production. Mendel was producing the Ss X Ss hybrid by self-fertilizing those F1 individuals.What is the genotype of the green pod plant?
Due to the dominance of green (G) over yellow (g), plants with G in their genotypes produce green pods. The only plants with yellow pods are gg-genotype plants.What is the phenotype of F1 progeny?
Given that one dominant and one recessive allele were transmitted from the parents, the F1 generation exhibits a uniform round yellow phenotype, as predicted by the first law.
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Folate deficiency impairs DNA synthesis, so the nuclei of immature red blood cells are unable to divide and the cells grow larger than normal. This condition is called ______ anemi
Folate deficiency impairs DNA synthesis, so the nuclei of immature red blood cells are unable to divide and the cells grow larger than normal. This condition is called macrocytic anemia.
What is folate deficiency anemia?The red blood cells in folate-deficiency anemia are excessively big. Macrocytes are this type of cell. When they are discovered in the bone marrow, they are also known as megaloblasts. This anemia is also known as megaloblastic anemia for this reason.When your body doesn't get enough folate, it develops a folate deficiency. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, mouth sores, and neurological issues. A diet rich in folate-rich foods can help prevent folate insufficiency.Haemoglobin, a component of red blood cells, is used to transport oxygen throughout the body.Learn more about cell here:
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Stegosaurus' skull suggest that its diet consisted of relatively soft plants or relatively tough woody vegetation?
The shape of the Stegosaurus cranium allowed for extra jaw muscle mass than the alternative herbivores. This intended an extra green conversion of muscle energy into the pressure of the chew. The research indicates that Stegosaurus might be capable of foraging on huge sorts of flowers, which include ferns and cycads.
Stegosaurus ate gastroliths. Small stones that ground its favorite greens up in its belly. it's far believed to have eaten vegetation together with mosses, ferns, horsetails, cycads, and conifers or culmination.
The stegosaurus turned into such a cool dinosaur. It had neat plates and spikes covering its tail, again, and neck that made it appear very exclusive. however, it was additionally a plant-consuming device! It had a toothless beak for nipping low-mendacity vegetation like ferns, cycads, and pines.
The small blunt teeth show that Stegosaurus become an herbivore. It had a huge intestine to break down the plants it ate. Stegosaurus became maximum probably prey for the likes of Allosaurus, Torvosaurus, and perhaps even smaller meat eaters.
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The responses observed in type IV hypersensitivities result from the action of IgG and complement. autoantibodies. IgE antibodies and mast cells. T cells and phagocytes. inflammatory chemicals.
The responses observed in type IV hypersensitivities result from the action of T cells and phagocytes.
Hypersensitivity IV type, also called delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), involves T cell-antigen interactions that cause activation and secretion of cytokines. This type of hypersensitivity requires sensitized lymphocytes that respond 24–48 hours after exposure to soluble antigens. A type IV hypersensitivity reaction is a cell-mediated reaction that can occur in response to contact with certain allergens, resulting in what is called contact dermatitis, or in response to certain diagnostic procedures such as the tuberculin skin test. Certain allergens need to be avoided to treat this condition. Type IV hypersensitivity response is observed results from the action of T cells and macrophages while other types are mediated by antibodies. This reaction occurs at least 1–3 days after the initial exposure. Type IV hypersensitivity is the mechanism of many autoimmune disorders.
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Which division of time on the geologic time scale is the longest?
OA. A period
OB. An eon
C. An epoch
OD. An era
SUBMIT
The division of time on the geologic time scale that is the longest is an eon, which is in option B, as an eon can span billions of years and is divided into eras, which are then divided into periods and epochs.
What is geological time?The geologic time scale is a system used by geologists and other scientists to divide the history of Earth into specific intervals of time based on major events and changes in the planet's geology, climate, and life forms. The geologic time scale is divided into four main categories: eons, eras, periods, and epochs. An eon is the largest and longest division of time on the geologic time scale, spanning billions of years.
Hence, the division of time on the geologic time scale that is the longest is an eon, which is in option B.
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. When performing a cross with a Punnett square, the letter you write across the top and down the side of the square represent the possible ______________ the parents can pass to offspring carried on __________ chromosomes.
Genotype of one parent on top and other parent on side
Organisms inherit genetic material from their parents in the form of homologous chromosomes, containing a unique combination of DNA sequences that code for genes.
What is a Punnet square ?The Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.
It is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who devised the approach in 1905. The diagram is used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotypeTo prepare a Punnett square, all possible combinations of the parental alleles are listed along the top (for one parent) and side (for the other parent) of a grid, representing their meiotic segregation into haploid gametes.Learn more about Punnet square here:
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Biological anthropologists view how humans come to be the way they are as the result of
Both their own individual life experiences and the evolutionary history.
What about biological anthropologists?Since genes are the main cause of human diversity, they can look at genes. Since differences in health are the primary cause of most human diversity, they can research health.Understanding human adaptation to various settings, the causes of illness and early mortality, and how humans descended from other animals are all goals of biological anthropologists. They research people (alive and deceased), other primates including monkeys and apes, as well as human predecessors, to achieve this (fossils).The study of biological anthropology focuses on the variety and environmental adaptations of our closest living relatives, monkeys and humans, as well as their evolutionary history. The strong evolutionary perspective of biological anthropology is one of its key features.Learn more about biological anthropologists here:
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How do stabilizing and disruptive selection differ? how do stabilizing and disruptive selection differ?
Disruptive selection is made of natural selection which favor both extreme phenotype and both from one extreme in directional selection. Stabilizing selection is favors the middle phenotype, average trait value over two extreme trait values.
Both the selection are disruptive selection favors phenotype while stabilizing selection favors average phenotype in population , eliminating both extreme.Disruptive selection also known as diversifying selection.
Stabilizing selection is natural selection pursue population towards the average or median . Normally environment favors average phenotype within a population.Both are two natural selection , affect the distribution of phenotype within a population,Applies to a phenotype trait.
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