In the following unbalanced combustion reaction how many grams of C8H18 will react with 24.78g of O2.

Compared to crushed pills, loose powder medications have a higher surface area, which allows for faster body absorption and disintegration, leading to a speedier effect.

The drug's surface area has a direct relationship with the dissolving rate. Higher dissolving rates may be attained by reducing the particle size since surface area grows as particle size decreases.

Therefore, disintegration agents are added to formulations to encourage the breakdown of tablets into minute granules and their component particles. This enables a faster liberation of the drug particles from the tablet matrix, increasing the surface area for subsequent dissolving.

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The element with an underlined name has the oxidation state U2O74 in the specified compound state.

Each element's charge corresponds to its oxidation number in a binary ionic compound. Looking at the periodic chart will reveal the charge, which is determined by the element's group: Elements in group 1: +1 charge. components from group 2: +2 charge.

Carbon monoxide (CO), the only typical example of carbon in a +2 oxidation state, is a gas. Due to the ease with which carbon monoxide may be converted into carbon dioxide, which has a more thermodynamically stable oxidation state of +4, carbon monoxide is a powerful reducing agent.

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Answer:

H₂S(aq) + H₂O(l) → HS⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)

The Bronsted-Lowry Theory defines acids as substances that act as proton donors (proton refers to the H⁺ ion which only consists of a single proton, no electron). Bases are therefore substances that act as proton acceptors. This theory can apply to practically any solvent.

For example, neutralisation of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide:

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H₂O(l)

In the reaction provided, hydrogen sulfide reacts with water.

H₂S(aq) + H₂O(l) → HS⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)

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The amount of caffeine in a 16 fl oz can of Monster's Energy Drink is roughly 160 mg, which is regarded as a moderate dose. Caffeinated than the typical coffee drink, which has between 95 and 200 mg per serving.

How so much caffeine is there in a complete can of Monster. Each 16-ounce can of Monster Energy has a whooping 160 mg of caffeine, more than double the amount in an 8-ounce Red Bull can and up to than double amount commonly encountered in an average coffee drink.

What Much of Coffee Is Recommended. Caffeine does not have negative effects on healthy adults when used in moderation, like many other meals, according to Karolin. 300 mg or less per day, or roughly three 8-ounce cups of coffee, is considered a moderate quantity.

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Answer:

1.81 micromol/L.

Explanation:

The concentration of a solution is calculated by dividing the amount of solute by the volume of the solution. In this case, the amount of calcium sulfate is 0.181 micromol and the volume of the solution is 100 mL. So, the concentration of calcium sulfate in the solution is (0.181 micro mol) / (100 mL) = **1.81 micro mol/L

its e00 molew then asg hol

Elements on the transition metal has the highest tendency to gain are chromium and manganese.

Transition metals typically have the ability to lose electrons to form positive ions, rather than to gain electrons to form negative ions. However, some transition metals can gain electrons under certain conditions.

The tendency to gain electrons (electron affinity) generally increases across a period from left to right on the periodic table, and decreases down a group from top to bottom.

Among the transition metals, the element with the highest electron affinity is usually considered to be either chromium [Cr] or manganese [Mn]. Both of these elements have a relatively high electron affinity due to their electronic configurations and the proximity of their valence electrons to the nucleus.

However, it is important to note that electron affinity values can vary depending on the specific experimental conditions used to measure them.

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The elements on the transition metal that have the highest tendency to gain are chromium and manganese.

Usually, transition metals form positive ions by losing electrons rather than gaining electrons to form negative ions. However, under certain conditions, some transition metals can gain electrons. The tendency to gain electrons is known as electron affinity.

This tendency generally increases as we go across a period from left to right in our periodic table and decreases while going down the group from top to bottom.

The element with the highest electron affinity, among the transition metals, is usually considered to be either manganese [Mn] or chromium [Cr]. Both of them have a relatively high electron affinity because of their electronic configurations and the proximity of their valence electrons to the nucleus.

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2 moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] gas and 1 mole of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] gas would be produced from 2 moles of [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] during electrolysis.

What is an electrolysis?

Electrolysis of nitric acid using graphite electrodes would result in the following reactions at the anode and cathode:

At the anode (oxidation):

[tex]2HNO_{3}[/tex] + 4 e- → [tex]O_{2}[/tex] + [tex]2NO_{2}[/tex] + [tex]2H_{2}O[/tex]

At the cathode (reduction):

[tex]2H^{+}[/tex] + 2 e- → [tex]H_{2}[/tex](g)

Overall reaction:

[tex]2HNO_{3}[/tex] (aq) +[tex]2H^{+}[/tex](aq) + 4 e- →  [tex]O_{2}[/tex](g) + [tex]2NO_{2}[/tex](g) + [tex]2H_{2}O[/tex](l)

This means that for every 2 moles of nitric acid, 1 mole of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] gas is produced. The products of the electrolysis are  [tex]O_{2}[/tex] gas, [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] gas, and [tex]H_{2}O[/tex].

The concentration of the nitric acid (4 mol/L) indicates that there are 4 moles of [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] in 1 liter of solution. To calculate the number of moles of  [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] in a given volume of solution, we can use the following formula:

moles of solute = concentration × volume (in liters)

For example, if we have 500 mL (0.5 L) of the 4 mol/L nitric acid solution, the number of moles of [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] present would be:

moles of [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] = 4 mol/L × 0.5 L = 2 moles

Therefore, 2 moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] gas and 1 mole of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] gas would be produced from 2 moles of [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] during electrolysis.

It's worth noting that the oxidation of nitric acid to form nitrogen dioxide is an exothermic reaction that can produce heat, so the electrolysis may need to be performed under controlled conditions to prevent overheating. Additionally, nitrogen dioxide is a toxic gas that should be handled with care in a well-ventilated area.

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Complete question is: An aqueous solution of 4mol/L nitric acid is electrolysed in an electronic cell using graphite electrodes produced 2 moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] gas and 1 mole of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] gas from 2 moles of [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] during electrolysis.

Answer: (a) 8.33x10^24.

Explanation: In the realm of gas thermodynamics, the variables P, V, n, R, and T denote pressure, volume, number of moles of gas, gas constant, and temperature in Kelvin, respectively.

It is feasible to manipulate this equation for the purpose of deducing n, which denotes the quantity of moles of gas.

The equation n = (PV) / (RT) represents the number of moles present in a gas system, where P, V, R, and T denote the pressure, volume, ideal gas constant, and temperature, respectively. This formula serves as a fundamental expression in thermodynamics and is employed in various fields of science, notably chemistry and physics, as a means of determining the amount of substance in a gaseous system. Its rigorous derivation and application have been extensively studied in the academic realm, and it remains a pivotal concept in modern scientific research.

Ascertaining the quantity of helium atoms contained within the balloon necessitates the conversion of the amount of helium moles into a corresponding number of helium atoms. The quantity of atoms in a single mole of any given substance, as denoted by Avogadro's number, is 6.022 x 10^23.

Initially, it is necessary to determine the quantity of moles of helium present within the spherical object.

The quantity n is expressed as the ratio of the product of the pressure and volume, PV, to the product of the universal gas constant, R, the temperature, T, and is mathematically represented as n = (PV) / (RT). Upon substituting the relevant values in this equation, where the pressure is not explicitly given, n may be calculated as (1.18 g/L x 2.93 L) / (0.0821 L-atm/mol-K x 273 K).

The quantity of substance present is 0.1386 mol.

Subsequently, the subsequent step would be to transform the aforementioned measurement into the numerical value representing the quantity of helium atoms present.

The numerical value of helium atoms can be expressed as the product of a constant factor 'n' and the Avogadro constant. That is, the number of atoms of helium is determined by multiplying 'n' with Avogadro's number.

The quantity of helium atoms is equivalent to 0.1386 moles, multiplied by the constant Avogadro's number of 6.022 x 10^23 atoms per mole.

The quantity of helium atoms is 8.33 x 10^23.

To calculate the number of atoms of helium in the balloon, we can use Avogadro's number and the molar mass of helium.

The number of atoms of helium in the balloon can be calculated using the Avogadro's number and the molar mass of helium. The molar mass of helium is 4.0026 g/mol. First, we need to calculate the number of moles of helium in the balloon by dividing the mass of helium by its molar mass:

Number of moles of helium = Mass of helium / Molar mass of helium

Once we have the number of moles, we can use Avogadro's number to calculate the number of atoms:

Number of atoms of helium = Number of moles of helium * Avogadro's number

Let's substitute the values into the formula to find the number of atoms of helium in the balloon:

Number of atoms of helium = (1.18 g/L * 2.93 L) / (4.0026 g/mol) * (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol)

Solving this equation will give us the number of atoms of helium in the balloon.

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There are 0.2107 moles of KBr are dissolved in 60.2 mL of a 3.50 M solution.

The molarity of a substance is defined as the number of moles of solute present in 1 litre of a solution.

According to the given data, the molarity of the solution tells us that there are 3.50 moles of KBr in 1000mL of solution. But we only have 60.2mL of solution, so with a mathematical rule of three we can calculate the amount of moles in 60.2mL:

1000 ml - 3.50 moles

60.2 ml -x = 60.2 ml× 3.50 moles/1000 ml

x= 60.2 ml -0.2107 moles

So, there are 0.2107 moles of KBr.

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Although, a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question "How does crushing a candy to smaller pieces affect its digestion?"

Crushing the candy into smaller pieces increases the surface area of the solvent which will result in the reduction of digestion or dissolution.

Digestion is the process in which food taken is broken down into smaller components that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Digestion helps in converting food into molecules, like glucose so that the body can utilize that energy for its growth and development.

While Crushing the candy into smaller pieces, we are increasing the surface area of the solvent which will result in the reduction of digestion or dissolution of the candy. Thus, the larger the size of the pieces, the slower will be the process of digestion. This physical process in which large pieces of food are cut and crushed into smaller pieces is known as mechanical digestion.

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Answer: Calcium: Alkaline earth metal

Vanadium: Transitional metal

Xenon: Noble gas

Iodine: Halogen

Potassium: Alkali metal

Strontium: Alkaline earth metal

Explanation:

Sulfur tetrafluoride, xenon tetrafluoride, antimony pentafluoride, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, water, carbon disulfide, 1,1-dichloroethane, arsenic trichloride

Sulfur tetrafluoride has a see-saw structure and a single pair of electrons. Methane has a tetrahedral structure and no lone pairs of electrons. Xenon tetrafluoride contains two lone pairs of electrons and a square planar structure.

All eight of the d-electrons in the molecule Tetrachloropalladate(2-) are coupled in the lower-energy orbitals, which suggests a square planar geometry. This molecule is diamagnetic. Tetrachloronickelate, on the other hand, contains two unpaired electrons and is also d8, suggesting that it possesses a tetrahedral geometry.

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When thermal energy is being removed from a liquid and it starts to freeze, the temperature of the liquid will remains constant until all the liquid has frozen. This happens because the energy that is being removed is being used to break the bonds between the molecules in the liquid and to form a solid.

Once all the intermolecular bonds have been broken and the liquid has fully solidified, the temperature of the solid will continue to decrease with further cooling.

This process is known as latent heat of fusion, which is the amount of energy required to change a substance from a liquid to a solid state , without any change in temperature.

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For a student wishing to contribute to the preservation of coral reefs, oceanography would be the most beneficial topic of study because it is ocean-focused.

An underwater environment known as a coral reef is characterized by corals that construct reefs. Coral polyp colonies are bound together by calcium carbonate to build reefs. Stony corals, whose polyps gather together, make up the majority of coral reefs.

Coral reefs offer chances for recreation, serve as a barrier against erosion and storm damage, and support local economies. They are also a source of fresh medications and food. More than 500 million people rely on reefs for safety, income, and food.

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At 25°C, combine 47.0 mL of ethylene glycol (d = 1.11 g/mL; molar mass = 62.07 g/mol) with 50.0 mL of water (d = 1.00 g/mL) to create an antifreeze solution. The antifreeze solution's molarity is 0.0086 M if its density is 1.07 g/mL.

Antifreeze is an additive that reduces a water-based liquid's freezing point. To achieve freezing-point depression for cold conditions, an antifreeze combination is utilized. Common antifreezes also raise the liquid's boiling point, enabling a rise in coolant temperature. However, every typical antifreeze addition also has a lower heat capacity than water, which makes it less effective as a coolant when combined with water.

The combination of a solution's freezing and boiling temperatures depends on the amount of dissolved components present. Therefore, salts cause aqueous solutions' melting points to decrease. Although salts are widely used for de-icing, salt solutions should not be utilized in cooling systems as they cause metal corrosion. Because they typically have melting values that are lower than those of water, low molecular weight organic substances can be used as antifreeze. Alcoholic organic compound solutions, in particular, are useful. Since antifreezes were first made commercially available in the 1920s, they have all been composed primarily of alcohols such methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, and others.

Molarity = [tex]\frac{mole}{volume}[/tex]

To calculate the moles of ethylene glycol.

The mass of ethylene glycol is 47.0 mL × 1.11 g/mL = 52.17 g.

Since molar mass of ethylene glycol is 62.07 g/mol, the moles of ethylene glycol is:

[tex]\frac{52.17}{62.07}[/tex] = 0.84 mol

To calculate the total volume of the antifreeze solution. We know that the volumes of ethylene glycol and H₂O are 47.0 mL and 50.0 mL, respectively.

Therefore, the total volume of the antifreeze solution is 47.0 mL + 50.0 mL = 97.0 mL.

Finally, the molarity of the antifreeze solution can be calculated using the formula

Molarity = [tex]\frac{mole}{volume}[/tex]

Therefore, the molarity of the antifreeze solution is:

[tex]\frac{0.84}{97.0}[/tex] = 0.0086 M

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Oxygen has oxidation state of -2 in most compounds, but it can have different oxidation states in some compounds. In peroxide (O₂²⁻), oxygen has an oxidation state of -1

Nomenclature is the system of naming chemical compounds according to a set of rules.

In peroxide (O₂²⁻), oxygen has an oxidation state of -1. This is because the two oxygen atoms share the two electrons that make up the covalent bond equally, resulting in an oxidation state of -1 for each oxygen atom.

So, while oxygen in peroxide has a charge of 2-, it does not have a 2- charge in general.

As for nomenclature, when naming compounds containing oxygen, the oxidation state of the oxygen atom is usually indicated by using a suffix. For example, the suffix "-ite" indicates a lower oxidation state, while the suffix "-ate" indicates a higher oxidation state.

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Answer:

CnH2n

Explanation:

Alkenes are either branched or unbranched hydrocarbons with at least one carbon–carbon double bond (CC) and have a general formula of CnH2n.

Answer:

a. The recorded waves are mechanical waves.

c. The wave display does not change the wave type.

e. The frequency or amplitude of the waves could change.

These statements are true. Recorded sound waves are mechanical waves, meaning they require a medium to travel through, such as air or water. The wave display is a device that displays the shape, frequency, and amplitude of the sound waves. It does not change the type of wave from mechanical to electromagnetic, or vice versa. The frequency and amplitude of the sound waves could change, depending on the characteristics of the source producing the sound.

Please note that the actual pH values and corresponding labels may vary depending on the specific pH range of the acids and bases you are using in your experiment.

What is pH?

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It is a scale that ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being considered neutral. A pH value less than 7 indicates acidity, with lower values indicating higher acidity. A pH value greater than 7 indicates basicity, with higher values indicating higher basicity.

pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution. A lower pH value indicates a higher concentration of H+ ions, which makes the solution more acidic.

It's important to measure and record the actual pH values of the solutions in the test tubes to accurately determine their acidity or basicity.

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The acids and bases shown right cover a range of pH values. Use

what you know about acids, bases, and concentration to label the

test tubes, in order, from most acidic to most basic.

The answers are:

A rock is a naturally occurring collection of minerals, and the kind and quantity of minerals it contains influence its hardness. Quartz, feldspar, mica, and calcite are just a few of the minerals that are present in all rocks. Additionally, rocks may include mineraloids and organic byproducts. Rocks are categorised based on their texture, mineral makeup, and additional features including colour, streak, lustre, and cleavage.

The three rocks are sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. Rocks can be utilised in a variety of applications, including building, landscaping, and industrial activities.

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The enthalpy of the reaction is -393.2 kJ/mol. The answer is (C).

Enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn) refers to the heat energy that is either absorbed or released during a chemical reaction, while the pressure remains constant. It is determined as the difference between the enthalpies of the products and the reactants, and enthalpy, in turn, refers to the heat energy stored within a substance.

ΔHf°(H2O(l)) = -285.8 kJ/mol

ΔHf°(KOH(aq)) = -482.4 kJ/mol

ΔHf°(H2(g)) = 0 kJ/mol

ΔHf°(K(s)) = 0 kJ/mol

To calculate the enthalpy of the reaction, we first need to balance the equation:

The given equation is the balanced equation

ΔHrxn = [2ΔHf°(KOH(aq)) + ΔHf°(H2(g))] - [2ΔHf°(H2O(l))]

ΔHrxn = [2(-482.4 kJ/mol) + 0 kJ/mol] - [2(-285.8 kJ/mol)]

ΔHrxn = [-964.8 kJ/mol] - [-571.6 kJ/mol]

ΔHrxn = -393.2 kJ/mol

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A: begin to cool and daylight hours decrease.

Plants go through seasonal changes from summer to fall because of the changes in temperature and the length of daylight hours. As summer ends and fall begins, temperatures begin to cool down and the days become shorter. This change in temperature and daylight hours triggers physiological changes in plants, such as the slowing down of growth and the production of pigments like anthocyanins, which give leaves their characteristic red and orange colors in the fall. These changes allow the plant to prepare for the colder winter months and conserve energy for the upcoming spring growth season.

Answer:

a. begin to cool and daylight hours decrease

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Answer:

a. The frequency or amplitude of the sound waves will not change.

d. The frequency or amplitude of the sound waves could change as the song plays.

g. Sound waves that the audience hears are mechanical waves.

These are the true statements.

others are false.

b. Sound waves that the audience hears are not electromagnetic waves. Sound waves are a type of mechanical wave, which means that they require a medium to travel through, and in this case, the medium is air.

c. Hearing the sound does not change the wave type. The wave type remains a mechanical wave, even after it reaches the audience's ears.

e. and f. are also not true, as the process of hearing sound does not change the wave type from mechanical to electromagnetic or vice versa.

The mass in grams of 7.55 × 10²¹ molecules of water H₂O is 1.25 × 10⁻² g.

This is using mole concept.

The International System of Units (SI) uses the mole (symbol mol) as the unit of material amount. How many elementary entities of a particular substance are present in an object or sample is determined by the quantity of that material.

Exact 6.02214076 × 10²³ basic entities make up the mole. An elementary entity can be an atom, a molecule, an ion, an ion pair, or a subatomic particle like a proton depending on the makeup of the substance. For instance, although having differing volumes and masses, 10 moles of water (a chemical compound) and 10 moles of mercury (a chemical element) both have the same quantity of substance, and the mercury has exactly one atom for each molecule of the water.

The mass in grams of 7.55 x 10²¹ molecules of water H₂O can be calculated using Avogadro's number. Avogadro's number is 6.02 x 10²³molecules/gram-mole.

Mass (grams) = (7.55 x 10²¹ molecules) (1 Gram/6.02 x 10²³ molecules)

Mass (grams) =  1.25 x 10⁻² grams

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Answer:  the mass percentage of C in codeine is 72.21%.

Explanation: Molar mass of C = 12.011 g/mol

Molar mass of CisHziNO = 299.368 g/mol (whole of molar masses of all molecules within the compound)

Number of C molecules in codeine = 18

Mass of C in codeine = 12.011 g/mol x 18 = 216.198 g/mol

Mass rate of C in codeine = (216.198 g/mol ÷ 299.368 g/mol) x 100% = 72.21%

The number of moles of AgI that will be formed when 75.0 mL of 0.300 M AgNO₃ is completely reacted is 0.0225 moles.

The number of moles of a substance can be calculated from a stoichiometric approach.

Stoichiometry is the study and calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions (chemical equations).

According to this question, the following reaction is given: 2AgNO₃(aq) + Cal2(aq)-->2Agl(s) + Ca(NO3)2(aq)

moles of AgNO₃ = 0.075 × 0.3 = 0.0225 moles

If 2 moles of AgNO₃ reacted to produce 2 moles of AgI, then 0.0225 moles of AgI will also be produced.

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The mass in grams of BaCl₂ (formula mass = 208.23 amu) that will be required to produce 41.5 grams of Ba (PO₄)₂ is 18.48 g. This is using the stoichiometric ratio.

The relationship between the quantities of reactants and products prior to, during, and after chemical reactions is known as stoichiometry.

Stoichiometry is based on the law of conservation of mass, which states that the sum of the masses of the reactants and products must equal one another. This realization led scientists to conclude that the ratio of positive integers is typically formed by the relationships between the quantities of the reactants and products. This means that the amount of the product may be determined if the amounts of the individual reactants are known. On the other hand, if the amount of one reactant is known and the amount of the products can be computed using empirical data, the amount of the other reactants can likewise be calculated.

Using the stoichiometric ratio of the equation and the molar masses of the reactants, we can calculate the mass of BaCl₂ required to produce 41.5 grams of Ba (PO₄)₂.

Molar mass of BaCl₂ = 208.23 g/mol

Molar mass of Ba (PO₄)₂ = 601.92 g/mol

According to the equation, the stoichiometric ratio between BaCl₂ and the product (Ba (PO₄)₂ is 1 : 3.

Therefore, we will need 1 mol of BaCl₂ to produce 3 moles of Ba (PO₄)₂

Therefore, the mass of BaCl2 required to produce 41.5 grams of Ba (PO₄)₂ is:

Mass of BaCl₂ = 41.5 g/601.92 g/mol x 208.23 g/mol

Mass of BaCl₂ = 18.48 g

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