The Pendleton Act of 1883 established the Civil Service Commission and implemented a merit-based system for federal employment, with the goal of reducing government patronage and corruption.
What is the Pendleton Act and why is it significant?The Civil Service Reform Act of 1883, also known as the Pendleton Act, was a federal law of the United States that established a merit-based system for selecting and elevating civil service employees. Prior to the act, political favouritism was frequently used to fill government positions rather than qualifications or competence. The Pendleton Act sought to end this practise and create a civil service that was more professional and effective. To oversee the new system and shield workers from political meddling, it established the United States Civil Service Commission. The Pendleton Act, which is regarded as a significant reform in American political history, was a significant step towards creating a modern, professional civil service.
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How does Reagan contrast West Berlin with the communist world of 1987
in paragraphs 10-12?
Answer:
In his famous speech in front of the Brandenburg Gate in West Berlin on June 12, 1987, President Ronald Reagan contrasted the freedom of West Berlin with the oppressive communist world. He began by describing the wall as "an ugly scar," dividing a city and a people who had once been united.
Reagan then went on to describe the stark contrast between the freedom and prosperity of the West with the poverty and oppression of the communist world, saying, "In the communist world, we see failure, technological backwardness, declining standards of health, even want of the most basic kind - too little food."
He contrasted that with the prosperity and freedom of the West, saying, "In the free world, the expansion of democracy, the growth of prosperity, the spirit of innovation, and the creativity of our scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs have been phenomenal."
Reagan's speech was an important moment in the Cold War and served to underscore the stark contrast between the free world and the oppressive communist regimes that dominated the Eastern Bloc. By contrasting the vibrant and prosperous West with the failing economies and oppressive regimes of the communist world, Reagan sought to reaffirm the United States' commitment to democracy, freedom, and the principles of the Western world.
Answer:
Explanation:
Behind me stands a wall that encircles the free sectors of this city, part of a vast system of barriers that divides the entire continent of Europe. From the Baltic South, those barriers cut across Germany in a gash of barbed wire, concrete, dog runs, and guard towers. Farther south, there may be no visible, no obvious wall. But there remain armed guards and checkpoints all the same—still a restriction on the right to travel, still an instrument to impose upon ordinary men and women the will of a totalitarian state.
Yet, it is here in Berlin where the wall emerges most clearly; here, cutting across your city, where the news photo and the television screen have imprinted this brutal division of a continent upon the mind of the world.
Standing before the Brandenburg Gate, every man is a German separated from his fellow men.
Every man is a Berliner, forced to look upon a scar.
President Von Weizsäcker has said, “The German question is open as long as the Brandenburg Gate is closed.” Well today—today I say: As long as this gate is closed, as long as this scar of a wall is permitted to stand, it is not the German question alone that remains open, but the question of freedom for all mankind.
Yet, I do not come here to lament. For I find in Berlin a message of hope, even in the shadow of this wall, a message of triumph.
In this season of spring in 1945, the people of Berlin emerged from their air-raid shelters to find devastation. Thousands of miles away, the people of the United States reached out to help. And in 1947 Secretary of State—as you’ve been told—George Marshall announced the creation of what would become known as the Marshall Plan. Speaking precisely 40 years ago this month, he said: “Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine, but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos.”
In the Reichstag a few moments ago, I saw a display commemorating this 40th anniversary of the Marshall Plan. I was struck by a sign—the sign on a burnt-out, gutted structure that was being rebuilt. I understand that Berliners of my own generation can remember seeing signs like it dotted throughout the western sectors of the city. The sign read simply: “The Marshall Plan is helping here to strengthen the free world.” A strong, free world in the West—that dream became real. Japan rose from ruin to become an economic giant. Italy, France, Belgium—virtually every nation in Western Europe saw political and economic rebirth; the European Community was founded.
In West Germany and here in Berlin, there took place an economic miracle, the Wirtschaftswunder. Adenauer, Erhard, Reuter, and other leaders understood the practical importance of liberty—that just as truth can flourish only when the journalist is given freedom of speech, so prosperity can come about only when the farmer and businessman enjoy economic freedom. The German leaders—the German leaders reduced tariffs, expanded free trade, lowered taxes. From 1950 to 1960 alone, the standard of living in West Germany and Berlin doubled.
Where four decades ago there was rubble, today in West Berlin there is the greatest industrial output of any city in Germany: busy office blocks, fine homes and apartments, proud avenues, and the spreading lawns of parkland. Where a city’s culture seemed to have been destroyed, today there are two great universities, orchestras and an opera, countless theaters, and museums. Where there was want, today there’s abundance—food, clothing, automobiles—the wonderful goods of the Ku’damm. From devastation, from utter ruin, you Berliners have, in freedom, rebuilt a city that once again ranks as one of the greatest on earth. Now the Soviets may have had other plans. But my friends, there were a few things the Soviets didn’t count on: Berliner Herz, Berliner Humor, ja, und Berliner Schnauze. Berliner heart, Berliner humor, yes, and a Berliner schnauze.
In the 1950s—In the 1950s Khrushchev predicted: “We will bury you.”
But in the West today, we see a free world that has achieved a level of prosperity and well-being unprecedented in all human history. In the communist world, we see failure, technological backwardness, declining standards of health, even want of the most basic kind—too little food. Even today, the Soviet Union still cannot feed itself. After these four decades, then, there stands before the entire world one great and inescapable conclusion: Freedom leads to prosperity. Freedom replaces the ancient hatreds among the nations with comity and peace. Freedom is the victor.
There is one sign the Soviets can make that would be unmistakable, that would advance dramatically the cause of freedom and peace.
Good luck having this wall!!!
the narrator’s description of the room where his mother had worked suggests that as a child, he had found visits to the room to be
The narrator’s description of the place i.e. a room where his mother had worked suggests that as a child, he had found visits to the room to be an emotional experience.
Who is a narrator?
A narrator is a person or entity that tells a story, usually in the form of a book, movie, or other narrative medium.
The narrator is responsible for conveying the events of the story to the audience, and can take on a variety of forms, including first-person, third-person omniscient, and third-person limited.
When the narrator was a child narrator visits to the room where his mother had worked. His description of the room is an emotional experience.
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how did mexicans help make the southwest prosperous in the late 19th century?
Mexicans contributed labor to the development of the south and west by working on the train and subsequently in agriculture and industry. In the towns, new technology was developed and implemented.
Jobs have been made available by latest tech as well, which is why individuals began relocating close to cities where the opportunities for jobs were. People started migrating from remote regions to major urban areas as a result of the expanding factory industries, which greatly increased the number of job possibilities in cities. The Industrialization led to the development of industries, which increased demand for labor in urban areas and was one of the major causes of the growth of cities. Mexicans contributed labor to the development of the south and west by working on the train and subsequently in agriculture and industry. In the towns, new technology was developed and implemented.
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What did the National Origins Acts do?
A law that drastically limited immigration by instituting a national quota system that openly discriminated against immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and almost completely shut out Asians. The rule was in place up until the 1960s.
The Immigration Act of 1924, also known as the Johnson-Reed Act and comprising the National Origins Act and the Asian Exclusion Act (Pub. L. 68-139, 43 Stat. 153, enacted May 26, 1924) was a United States federal law that restricted immigration from Eastern and Southern Europe and prohibited immigration from Asia. The act also gave permission for the creation of the United States Border Patrol.
A total immigration cap of 165,000 people from outside the Western Hemisphere was established by the 1924 act, which superseded earlier laws and effectively banned all immigration from Asia. This cap is 80% lower than the average before World War I.
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why do you think abraham lincoln chose andrew johnson as his vice president
Lincoln selected Andrew Johnson to serve as Tennessee's military governor in 1862, after the majority of the state had been retaken.
Johnson was a sensible pick for Lincoln's running mate in 1864 because he wanted to promote national unity during his reelection campaign. Johnson later assumed the office of vice president following Lincoln's victory in the election.
Johnson put into action his own version of presidential reconstruction through a number of proclamations ordering the seceded states to conduct conventions and elections to restructure their civil administrations. Republicans in Congress refused to appoint representatives from those states and sponsored legislation to thwart the Southern states' activities, which included the restoration of many of their former leaders and the passage of Black Codes that severely restricted the civil liberties of the freedmen.
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who is the speaker of "devotion inspires bravery bravery inspires sacrifice"
As I mentioned earlier, this is a common sentiment that has been expressed by many people throughout history, and it does not have a specific speaker associated with it.
The phrase reflects the idea that a strong commitment to a cause or principle can inspire individuals to act with courage and selflessness, even in the face of great speaker danger or sacrifice. The sentiment has been expressed in various contexts, including military, political, and religious spheres. For example, it has been used to describe the actions of soldiers who put their lives on the line for their country, political activists who fight for their beliefs despite the risk of persecution or imprisonment, and religious figures who make sacrifices for their faith. The sentiment is a reminder of the power of conviction and the human capacity for bravery and selflessness.
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by the 1910s, the conditions described in the excerpt were most addressed by
By the 1910s, "middle-class reformers'" initiatives had mostly resolved the issues raised in the passage.
Explain about the middle-class reformers in 1910s?Several middle-class reformers believed that working class lacked the time, knowledge, and other resources necessary to effectively engage in politics.
Rapid industrialization, urbanisation, immigration, governmental corruption, and the extreme concentration of industry ownership in monopolies were all issues that progressives attempted to overcome. They were concerned about the growth of slums, hunger, and what they saw as labour exploitation. Workers with experience and expertise frequently held leadership positions in manufacturing companies and manufacturing facilities. The middle class had access to leisure activities, shopping, theme parks, stadium sports, movies, and recreation that rural labourers did not.Thus, by the 1910s, "middle-class reformers'" initiatives had mostly resolved the issues raised in the passage.
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The complete question is-
"All the fresh air that ever enters these stairs comes from the hall-door that is forever slamming, and from the windows of dark bedrooms that in turn receive from the stairs their sole supply of the elements God meant to be free. . . . The sinks are in the hallway, that all the tenants may have access—and all be poisoned alike by their summer stenches.... When the summer heats come with their suffering they have meaning more terrible than words can tell.... This gap between dingy brick-walls is the yard. That strip of smoke-colored sky up there is the heaven of these people. . . . A hundred thousand people lived in... tenements in New York last year."
By the 1910s, the conditions described in the excerpt were most addressed by _________.
what did members of the national negro business league have in common?
The National Black Business League supported economic growth and business among African Americans as a path to equality.
Who were the National Negro Business League members?Small business entrepreneurs, farmers, health care providers, attorneys, artisans, and other professionals were among the league's participants. The league kept business contacts for Black Americans in many different industries and maintained directories for all significant US cities.
The National Negro Business League did what?The National Black Business League's mission and primary objective was "to promote the commercial and financial growth of the Negro." The organisation created 320 chapters around the country after being formally founded in New York in 1901.
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how did the sultuns role chang in the fifteenth century
The role of the sultans changed significantly in the fifteenth century due to various political, economic, and social factors. Some of the main changes that happened are:
Centralization of power: In the fifteenth century, the sultans of various Muslim empires, such as the Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, and Mughal Empire, started to centralize their power and authority over others. This meant that they became more absolute in their rule and were able to consolidate their control over various regions and provinces of their empires.Expansion of the empire: Many sultans during this period were focused on expanding their empires through military conquests. For example: The Ottoman sultan Mehmed II conquered Constantinople in 1453, which marked a significant turning point in the history. Development of bureaucracy: As the empires grew larger and more complex, the sultans developed a more sophisticated bureaucracy to help manage their affairs. This included the establishment of new administrative positions, such as the grand vizier and the divan, which helped the sultan to govern more effectively.Patronage of the arts: Many sultans during this period were also great patrons of the arts, and they encouraged the development of literature, music, architecture, and other forms of cultural expression. For example, the Mughal emperor Akbar was known for his support for the art, and he commissioned many famous works of art and architecture during his rule.Overall, the role of the sultans in the fifteenth century was characterized by centralization of power, expansion of the empire, development of bureaucracy, and patronage of the arts. These changes helped to strengthen the empires and establish them as major political and cultural powers in their respective regions.
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what is the major contribution of mcgregor's theory x and theory y to management?
Managers need to be aware of how their beliefs influence their actions. (Douglas McGregor, Theory X, and Theory Y, respectively)
While Theory X emphasizes the necessity of increased supervision, outside rewards, and penalties, Theory Y emphasizes the role of job satisfaction as a motivator and encourages employees to approached without direct supervision. Managers may decide to incorporate strategies from both Theories X and Y into their practices because they can have different effects on employee motivation and productivity. McGregor also held the view that the best form of compensation for workers was self-actualization. According to his theory, employees can fulfill their potential if they are motivated to achieve self-actualization.
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i don’t understand pls help
1. Why did some people criticize an early plan to allow Congress to choose the President?
They thought Congress would choose a senator to be President.
They believed that the President should come from a large state.
They wanted the President chosen by the Cabinet.
They wanted the people to have a role in selecting the President.
Answer:
They wanted people to have a role in selecting the president
Answer:
They wanted the people to have a role in selecting the president
Explanation:
I did the test
The Procurement Integrity Act of 1988 was passed after reports of military contracts for $500 toilet seats and $5,000 hammers. True or false?
The given statement "The Procurement Integrity Act of 1988 was passed after reports of military contracts for $500 toilet seats and $5,000 hammers." is true because Integrity corresponds to dependability.
Every closely involved individual, including bidders, should be certain that they can depend on any data shared by the acquirement foundation, whether officially or casually. The public acquisition process is without hesitation upheld by the honesty of the acquirement cycle.
You are not permitted to uncover data about worker-for-hire offers and recommendations or source choices under the Obtainment Uprightness Act. These limitations are substantial throughout the whole post-government business process (searching for, arranging, and beginning some work).
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Natural resources including trees and oil are part of which factor of production
The natural resource that a business uses to produce goods and services and turn a profit is land. Real estate or tangible property are not the only types of land.
What factors of production are natural resources?
The resources that make up the economy's foundation and that people employ to produce commodities and services are known as the factors of production. Land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship are the four groups into which economists divide the components of production.
Do trees play a role in production?
Land, capital, and labor have historically been considered to be these components of production. All natural resources are referred to as "land" by economists. The economic definition of land includes things like trees, game animals, water, and minerals.
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What was the ancient Egyptian religion called?
The ancient Egyptian religion was polytheistic, meaning it worshipped multiple gods and goddesses, and it was often referred to as "Kemetism" or "Egyptian polytheism."
The intricate system of beliefs, rites, and practices that the religion incorporated was essential to Egyptian culture and society and was created to secure both the continuance of Egyptian civilisation and the afterlife.
The pantheon of gods and goddesses in Egyptian religion was huge and diversified, and each one had unique traits, tales, and positions in Egyptian mythology. The sun god Ra, the deity of the underworld Osiris, the goddess of magic Isis, and the god of the sky and kingship Horus are some of the most well-known gods and goddesses.
The afterlife was also given a lot of importance in Egyptian religion, and many of its ceremonies and practices were intended to aid mortals in obtaining a decent afterlife.
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The medieval religious order that would become key to the settlement of Spanish North America was the Jesuits. True or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
yes it's in America
which idea is promoted by the concept of nullification?
The idea that is promoted by the concept of nullification is b) state's rights. The states' rights are the rights or pow-ers retained by the regional govern-ments of a federal union un-der the provisions of a fed-eral constitution.
What is nullification?Nullification is the constitutional theory that indivi-dual states can invalid-ate federal laws or judicial deci-sions they deem unconsti-tutional, and it has been contro-versial since its inception in early Ameri-can history.
Nullification, in United Sta-tes constitutional history, is a legal the-ory that a state has the right to nullify, or invalid-ate, any federal laws which they deem unconsti-tutional with respect to the United States Consti-tution.
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Soon after the Latin American revolutions, caudillos (dictators) sweep to power from Mexico down to Argentina. Why do you think it was that dictators take over in Latin America and in France for that matter, but not in the United States?
The histories and cultures of South America and France differ from those of the United States, which may have contributed to the development of dictators. European nations invaded Latin America.
Latin America's caudillos rose to power for what reason?Caudillo governments took control of numerous Latin American nations thanks to the elites' backing and the use of force. Because they maintained the state's unity through helpful policies and acts, they were well-liked in many sectors.
What impact did Caudillo have on Latin America during that time?The caudillo started off as a fighter. He was the strongman who could gather forces and defend his people during liberation wars, civil wars, and national conflicts. Professionals in Mexico and Peru.
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why is the cinco de mayo celebrated
During the Franco-Mexican War, the triumph against France at the Battle of Puebla is commemorated on Cinco de Mayo.
The Mexican army defeated France on May 5, 1862, at the Battle of Puebla, marking the beginning of the Franco-Mexican War. This triumph is commemorated by the celebration known as Cinco de Mayo, or the Fifth of May. Battle of Puebla Day is another name for the occasion. In contrast to its lowly status in Mexico, Cinco de Mayo has developed into a celebration of Mexican heritage and culture in the United States, especially in regions with sizable Mexican-American populations. It is also observed in other regions of the nation as well as in the United States, where a sizable population of Mexicans lives.
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what two inventions helped spread the renaissance beyond italy
The printing press and the compass helped spread the Renaissance beyond Italy.
The printing press and the compass were two of the most important inventions of the Renaissance period. These inventions helped to spread the ideas of the Renaissance beyond Italy and into other parts of Europe. The printing press allowed for the mass production of books, which allowed for the spread of knowledge and ideas to a wider audience.
The compass, on the other hand, allowed for exploration and navigation, allowing for the exchange of goods and ideas between different regions. By combining these two inventions, the Renaissance was able to spread its influence to many other parts of Europe.
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the topic of federalist 48 was ________________.
The division of powers among the three branches of the proposed US Constitution's three branches was the subject of Federalist 48.
In particular, James Madison, the essay's author, emphasized that each branch of government's authority should be clearly defined and constrained to avoid any one branch gaining undue influence and usurping that of the others. Madison argued in Federalist No. 48 that "the legislative, executive, and judiciary departments should be independent and distinct" and that each institution should be able to restrain the other's authority. The government would be held accountable to the people, according to him, and this system of checks and balances would prevent any one branch from becoming overly dominant. Madison also talked about the dangers of having a government with an overly powerful one branch. He cautioned that if the legislative branch grew to be excessively powerful, it might enact unfair laws that would violate the rights of the people.
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Why is New Jersey called the "Garden State"?
lots of mining
lots of farming
lots of dairy
lots of ranching
when was the ttp founded
TTP or Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan was founded on December, 2007. Now, it is called The Pakistani Taliban.
The Tehreek-e-Taliban-e-Pakistan (TTP), the official name of the Pakistani Taliban, is a confederation of many armed Islamist terrorist groups that operate along the Pakistani-Afghanistan border. It was established in 2007 by Baitullah Mehsud, and Noor Wali Mehsud, its current head, has openly sworn loyalty to the Afghan Taliban (Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan). Despite having different operational and leadership systems, the Pakistani and Afghan Taliban are ideologically similar and have collaborated with each other during the 2001–2021 conflict. The TTP is the umbrella organization for the majority of Taliban factions in Pakistan. TTP has said that one of its goals is to resist the Pakistani government. By waging a terrorist campaign against the Pakistani state and military forces, the TTP seeks to topple the government of Pakistan.
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woodrow wilson, a world "safe for democracy" (1917) in wilson's war message what does he say people must be willing to risk in securing democracy?
Wilson was saying with this speech that regimes governed by only one person (an autocrat), such as Germany's during World War I, threatened democracy globally and had to be prevented.
Wilson's speech, along with America's entry into World War I, is widely regarded as a watershed moment in world history. Wilson advocated for "making the world safe for democracy.
" Americans discussed the historic choice for four days, and most major newspapers presented a sensationalized combination of war news and rumours portraying Germany as a vicious foe. The Senate voted 82-6 to declare war on Germany on April 4, 1945.
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Which statement best describes the focus of abortion opponents today?
The statement that would refer to the focus of the abortion opponents is that they work both to restrict and to outlaw abortions.
Who are the abortion opponents?Abortion opponents are individuals or groups who are opposed to the practice of abortion, which is the termination of a pregnancy. They believe that life begins at conception and that the unborn fetus has a right to life that should be protected.
Abortion opponents may include individuals who hold strong religious or moral beliefs that view abortion as a sin or immoral, as well as individuals who are politically opposed to abortion. Some opponents of abortion may also be affiliated with anti-abortion organizations or advocacy groups that work to restrict access to abortion or promote pro-life policies.
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Answer: (C)
Explanation: They work both to restrict and to outlaw abortions
What is the main message the artist in figure 2.3 is trying to convey about Manifest Destiny?
here's the image
Based on the given image, the main message being conveyed here is that America has the mandate for westward expansion as she holds a telegraph wire, which symbolizes progress in communication.
What is the Manifest Destiny?The doctrine of "Manifest Destiny" held that white Americans had been given a divine mandate to colonize all of North America.
The notion of "Manifest Destiny" led to a number of actions intended to exterminate or eradicate the indigenous inhabitants.
This notion and principle led America to take lands of Native Americans and other smaller and weaker nations.
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what is three labeled memorials that honor a famous person and why are these pople being honered
Lincoln Memorial, Jefferson Memorial, and the Washington Memorial are three labeled memorials that honor a famous person. They are honored because they were Presidents.
The Lincoln Memorial is a national memorial in the United States dedicated to Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States. It is a neoclassical temple located on the western end of the National Mall in Washington, D.C., across from the Washington Monument.
Henry Bacon designed the memorial. Daniel Chester French designed the memorial interior's huge central figure, Abraham Lincoln (1920), which was carved by the Piccirilli brothers.
The inside paintings were painted by Jules Guerin, while the epitaph over the monument was penned by Royal Cortissoz. It is one of several memorials created to honor an American president, and it was dedicated in May 1922.
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One difference between the position of imperialists and anti-imperialists on the acquisition of overseas territories in the period of the Spanish-American war.
Imperialists and anti-imperialists divided the early discussion into two camps. A growing American presence in the Philippines was opposed by anti-Imperialists. The aim of the colonialists was to create a civil society and educate the Filipino people in self-governance.
What disagreements existed between imperialists and opponents of imperialism?
The anti-imperialist movement opposed forced expansion because they thought it went against the fundamental rule that true republican government must come from "consent of the governed."
What were the anti-imperialists' views?
The league campaigned against militarization and the establishment of an American Empire abroad, and they said that the values upon which the United States was built needed to be applied to international policy as well.
Imperialism is the governmental strategy, practice, or advocacy of expanding power and domination, often through direct territorial acquisition or by establishing control over other regions' politics and economies, frequently by using both hard force (economic and military strength) and soft power (cultural and diplomatic power).
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What is the main goal for using the
elliptical machine?
The main goal for using the elliptical machine is provide a low-impact cardiovascular workout that engages the entire body.
What is the elliptical machine ?The main goal of using an elliptical machine is to provide a low-impact cardiovascular workout that engages the entire body. The elliptical machine simulates the motion of walking or running but with reduced impact on the joints, making it a popular choice for individuals with joint problems or those looking for a lower-impact alternative to running on a treadmill.
The elliptical machine can provide a challenging cardiovascular workout that can improve cardiovascular fitness, increase calorie burn, and strengthen lower body muscles such as the glutes, quads, and hamstrings. Many elliptical machines also have upper body handles that allow for a full-body workout, engaging the arms, chest, and back muscles as well.
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"The pendleton act of 1883 established the civil service commission and....
a. .... made an examination a requirement for holding any federal job
b. .... placed fifty thousand federal jobs under a merit system that required continuing education and yearly examination.
c. .... made it impossible to remove people in civil service jobs for political reasons.
d. .... legalized the removal of jobholders with a change of presidential administration.
The civil service commission was founded by the Pendleton Act of 1883, which also placed 50,000 federal posts under a merit-based system that required ongoing education and yearly testing.
What is the Civil Service Commission's function?According to 2, the Civil Service Commission must perform the following tasks: to enact regulations for interviews, hiring, promotions, transfers, reinstatements, demotions, suspensions, and terminations. to provide people exams to verify their capacity for carrying out necessary tasks.
The new CSC commissioner is who.The Civil Service Commission has formally selected Atty. Ryan Alvin R. Acosta as its next commissioner. Formerly, he worked as the Office of the President's Deputy Executive Secretary for Legal Affairs (CSC).
The Cabinet Secretary is the highest-ranking official. They are the head of all civil services and the ex-officio chairman of the Civil Services Board, according to the procedures followed by the Indian government. They are also the head of the Indian Administrative Service.
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