. The reaction rates of many spontaneous reactions are actually very slow. Which of these statements is the best explanation for this observation? (1) The activation energy of the reaction is large. (2) AG for the reaction is positive. (3) Such reactions are endothermic. (4) The entropy change is negative.
In reality, spontaneous reactions occur relatively slowly because The reaction's activation energy is high.
Hence, Option 1 is correct.
A spontaneous reaction is one that favors the creation of products in the environment in which it is taking place.Given that spontaneous reactions discharge free energy, the sign of G must be negative. There are four distinct conceivable combinations because both H and S can be either positive or negative depending on the features of the specific reaction.An exothermic example of a spontaneous reaction is a raging campfire (there is a decrease in the energy of the system as energy is released to the surroundings as heat).Find more information about Activation energy here:
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In a reaction between vinegar and antacid tablets, the antacid is the limiting reagent. At constant pressure and temperature, three tablets produce 600 cm³ of gas.
What volume will six tablets produce?
The volume of gas produced by six tablets would be twice the volume produced by three tablets, or 600 cm³ x 2 = 1200 cm³.
Definition of a gas's volumeUntil they are enclosed in a container, gases lack a definite shape or volume. Gases can expand and contract as they are forced into various container sizes and shapes because of the way their molecules spread out and move randomly.
The volume of the container in which a gas is contained can be used to define the volume of the gas itself.
The volume of a gas reduces as the molecules are crammed closer together when it is compressed. A gas's volume rises when it expands.
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Answer:
1200 cm³.
Explanation:
BRAINLIEST!!HELP PLEASEEEE2. Use the following chemical equation to answer the question.
4K(s) + O2(g) → 2 K20 (s)
If a staff member at a laboratory has 12. 0 grams of potassium metal, what is the
theoretical yield of potassium oxide (K2O) that the scientist could potentially
produce from the reaction with oxygen gas?
If a laboratory employee has 12.0 grammes of potassium metal, the theoretical yield of potassium oxide that even the scientist may theoretically make from the reaction with oxygen gas is 14.5 gram of K2O.
In chemistry, yield, also known as reaction yield, is a measurement of the number of moles of a product created in ratio to the reactant consumed in a chemical reaction, generally represented as a percentage. Before performing chemical reactions, it is necessary to know how many product will be produced with certain reactant quantities. This is referring to the theoretical yield.
This approach is useful for calculating the theoretical yield of such a chemical process. The yield of a reaction represents how much product is generated by that reaction. The theoretical yield is the amount of product predicted by stoichiometry, whereas the actual yield is the amount produced.
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Calculate the percentage composition (by mass) of oxygen in K2SO4.
36.72 %
18.35 %
9.18 %
23.66 %
76.34 %
Answer:
it's option no A as described in the image
Determine the number of atoms of each element in the following: 3Ca(SO4 )
Answer:
3 Ca
3 S
12 O
Explanation:
You have 3 moles of Ca(SO4)
Therefore you multiply the subscript of each atom of the compound by 3.
Ca and S have a understood subscript of 1 so there are three of each.
There are 4 oxygen atoms in one mole of CaSO4 so in 3 moles there would be 4*3 so 12
A vitamin contains 9.2 x 10^23 iron atoms. How many moles of iron are in the tablet?
Answer:
Approx. 20 moles of iron.
Explanation:
There are approx.
6.022
×
10
23
iron atoms per mole of ion. This quantity, this number of iron atoms has a mass of
55.85⋅g . And of course, when we quote the mass of iron we say
55.85⋅g⋅mol−1 .
The broad bands or regions located around the nucleus where the electrons are found are called energy rings.
True
False
It is false that the broad bands or regions located around the nucleus where the electrons are found are called energy rings.
The nucleus is the centre of an atom. Protons and neutrons are particles that make up the nucleus. Shells of electrons rotate around the nucleus. The atom is made up of a small nucleus surrounded by electrons that move. The nucleus includes protons, with a positive charge equivalent to the negative charge of an electron. Neutrons, which have almost the same mass but still no charge as protons, may also be found in the nucleus.
The nuclear powerful force extends long enough from each baryon to bind protons and neutrons together while repelling the repelling electrical force between positively charged protons. The nuclear force acting has a relatively narrow range and practically vanishes just beyond the nucleus's border.
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The first substance is nitric acid, HNO3. Since this substance dissolves to generate an acidic solution, the bond between O and H in the structural formula NO2OH breaks when the substance dissolves, making it an oxyacid. The latter substance, Ni(OH)2, is apparently insoluble in neutral water, but will dissolve if the solution is acidic. This behavior is typical of substances that feature basic anions. The bond between Ni and O is the one that breaks when Ni(OH)2 dissolves. The hydroxide ion that is produced quickly reacts with protons in solution and cannot react again with Ni2 to form a precipitate.
Ni(OH)₂ is base but this is not strong base this is very weak base and this cannot gives OH⁻ after dissolving in H₂O . this is only dissolve in acidic solution.
Define acidic solution.A solution is said to be acidic if it contains more positively charged hydrogen ions (H⁺) than negatively charged hydroxide ions (OH⁻). Lemon juice and vinegar are typical examples of acids. The amount of OH ions is greater in bases. Baking soda and regular ammonia are common examples.
Acidic substances can typically be distinguished by their sour flavor. A basic definition of an acid is a molecule that can donate an H⁺ ion and can continue to be energetically favorable even after losing H⁺. Blue litmus paper has a reputation for turning red when exposed to acids. Bases, on the other hand, are distinguished by their bitter flavor and slick consistency.
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Select True or False: The rates of radioactive decay processes, like the rates of chemical reactions, are sensitive to temperature changes.
Answer: False
Explanation:
Which element will produce a new compound when added to a beaker containing an aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate ()
A) Sodium is the element that will produce a new compound when added to a beaker containing an aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate ().
When sodium is added to an aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate, a new compound is formed.
This reaction is known as a displacement reaction and occurs when the sodium ions take the place of the copper ions in the solution.
As the sodium ions bond with the sulfate ions, they form sodium sulfate and free copper ions, which can then be extracted from the solution. This reaction is a great example of how chemical reactions can produce new compounds and materials.
This chemical reaction illustrates how certain substances can interact to create new substances with different properties.
Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:
Which element will produce a new compound when added to a beaker containing an aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate ()?
a) Sodium
b) Berrylium
c) Manganese
d) none of the above
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in this lab, you perform the above reaction starting with 20.0 L of propane at STP. what volume of h2o will be produced
1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 L volume. The molecular weight of water is 18 grams. Thus 18 gram of Water will also occupy 22.4 L.We know that at STP one mole of any gas occupies 22.4litres . It means that one mole of hydrogen also occupies 22.4litres of volume at STP. So 10moles of hydrogen gas will occupy =22.4×10=224litres of volume at STP.
How does oxygen affect orcas?
The orcas will compensate the lack of the oxygen that being respired for the minute at time and with the high amount of the hemoglobin in the blood.
The orcas will be able to slow down their heart beat when they are diving . this will decrease the amount of the oxygen demand but this not good for them it will be very stressful on their body.
The hemoglobin will increase the efficiency of their respiration. The orcas are the sea mammals . the orcas will be dive for the long period of the time in to the water. They will easily breathe through blowhole.
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Shriram saw the Sun on his LEFT while Kabir saw it on his RIGHT.Based on this, Which of the following statements is true?
Answer:
they were facing the oppisite ways
Explanation:
I need help
What causes winter in the Northern Hemisphere. Include a labelled diagram.
Answer:
It's Simple earth just moves noob
Determine 4.86×10^24 atoms Au to grams
The mass of 4.86 × 10²⁴ Au atoms is equal to 1589.6 g.
What is Avogadro's number?Avogadro’s number can be used to express the number of entities such as molecules, atoms, ions, electrons, or protons in one mole of any substance.
The value of Avogadro’s constant is equal to 6.022 × 10²³ per mole.
Given, the number of atoms of the Au = 4.86 × 10²⁴
The atomic mass of the Au = 197 g/mol
So 6.022 × 10²³ atoms of Au have mass = 197 g
Then 4.86 × 10²⁴ Au atoms will have mass = 1589.6 g
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A chemical supply company sells sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in a concentration of 4.00 M. What volume of this solution would you need to make 12.0 mL of a 0.50 M H2SO4 solution
you need 3.00 mL of the 4.00 M sulfuric acid solution to make 12.0 mL of a 0.50 M solution.
What is Solution?Solution is a way to solve a problem or address an issue. It can involve finding an answer or coming up with a strategy to tackle a difficult situation. Solutions can be found through research, brainstorming, trial and error, or by using existing resources.
To solve this problem, we must use the equation:
V1C1 = V2C2
Where V1 is the volume of the concentrated solution, C1 is the concentration of the concentrated solution, V2 is the volume of the dilute solution, and C2 is the concentration of the dilute solution.
In this case, V1 is the volume of the 4.00 M solution that we need, C1 is 4.00 M, V2 is 12.0 mL, and C2 is 0.50 M.
Plugging these values into the equation, we can solve for V1:
V1 = (V2C2) / C1
V1 = (12.0 mL)(0.50 M) / (4.00 M)
V1 = 3.00 mL
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At one sewage treatment plant, bacteria cultures produce 1000 L of methane gas per day at 1.0 atm pressure. What volume tank (V2) would be needed to store one day's amount of gas at a pressure of 5.0 atm?
At a pressure of 5.0 atm, IS 200 L of gas would need to be stored in the volume tank (V2).
How to find the volume?The mass of a body can be calculated from its volume using density, and vice versa. The mass is equal to the volume multiplied by the density (M = Vd), whereas the volume is equal to the mass divided by the density (V = M/d). Use a laboratory scale to weigh the masses, or use the density formula D = m/V to convert the solvent volume to mass. Find your ultimate volume by multiplying the solute and solvent masses.Volume, which is measured in cubic units, is the area in three dimensions that matter occupies or that is encircled by a surface. Cubic metres (m3), a derived measure, are used as the SI unit of volume.To learn more about volume, refer to:
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The air pressure from the atmosphere measures 0. 5atm at an altitude of 18,000 ft. How much pressure is this in pounds per square inch?
At an altitude of 18,000 feet, where the atmospheric pressure is 0.5 atm, the pressure is 7.5 pounds per square inch.
At sea level, what is the calculation?One square inch of any surface has 15 pounds of air sitting on top of it at sea level. That same square inch is only under 7.5 pounds per square inch of pressure at 18,000 feet.
The atmospheric pressure rises with increasing altitude. Contrary to popular belief, the graph shows that pressure decreases as altitude rises (moving to the right on the graph).
At sea level, the atmospheric pressure is 14 pounds per square inch. If we assume that the altitude is zero, we can see that the pressure is equal to 14 pounds per square inch. The atmospheric pressure rises as the altitude gets closer to sea level.
We observe that the pressure value rises as the altitude gets closer to sea level. As the altitude rises, the atmospheric pressure approaches 14 pounds per square foot. Only when the elevation is 0 miles above sea level does the pressure equal 14 pounds per square inch.
The pressure will therefore be 7.5 pounds per square inch if the air pressure in the atmosphere measures at 18,000 feet or 0.5 atm.
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The Ksp of SrSO4 is 3. 2 x 10^-7. What is the equilibrium concentration of a sulfate ion in a 1. 0 Dash L solution of strontium sulfate which 0. 10 mol of Sr(CH3CO2)2 has been added?
The equilibrium concentration of a sulfate ion is 32× 10⁻⁶M can be added in a 1. 0 Dash L solution of strontium sulfate which is 0. 10 mol of Sr(CH3CO₂)₂.
Solubility is defined as the maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a known quantity of the solvent at a certain temperature is its solubility.
The solubility of SrSO₄ is:
SrSO₄(s) → Sr²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq)
Where Ksp is defined as:
Ksp = 3.2x10⁻⁷ = [Sr²⁺] [SO₄²⁻]
The concentration of Sr is:
0.10mol / 1L = 0.10M = [Sr²⁺]
Replacing in Ksp:
3.2x10⁻⁷ = [0.10M] [SO₄²⁻]
[SO₄²⁻] = 3.2x10⁻⁶M
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Show all the work and don't forget to show scientific notation!
In scientific notation, the result of multiplying an integer between 1 and 10 by a power of 10 is written.For instance, 650,000,000 can be represented as 6.5 108 in scientific notation.
Which four guidelines govern scientific notation?Always set the base to 10. The exponent must be an integer that is non-zero, therefore it can either be positive or negative. The absolute value of the coefficient must be less than ten and more than one.
What sort of notation would that be?a system of symbols for designating unique items. Example: In mathematics, the symbol "" stands for "infinity." There are many notations in mathematics.
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Select the correct answer. the zeroth law of thermodynamics describes the state where we can say what about the movement of heat between two substances?
a. the latent heat is increasing
b. the movement of heat is rapid
c. there is no movement of heat
d. the latent heat is decreasing
e. the movement of heat is slow
The zeroth law of thermodynamics describes the state where we can say what about the movement of heat between two substances
The Zeroth Law of thermodynamics is a basic law that describes the state in which two bodies are in thermal equilibrium. It states that if two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. In other words, it allows us to determine if two bodies are at the same temperature and if there is no heat flow between them. So, it describes the state where there is no movement of heat between two substances.
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What are true about water changing states?
Answer:
The last one is true.
A ample of helium wa compreed at 35 °C from a volume of 0. 5 L to 0. 25 L where the preure i 500 mmHg. What wa the original preure?
The original pressure was 1000 mmHg.
What is pressure?Pressure is a force applied to a surface or object over a given area. Pressure can be generated in a variety of ways, including through mechanical force, electrical force, or through changes in temperature or chemical reactions. Pressure can be measured using a variety of devices, including a barometer, manometer, or gauge. Pressure is an important concept in many fields such as physics, engineering, chemistry, and medicine. It can be used to measure the force of a liquid or gas, the pressure of a liquid or gas, or the pressure at a certain depth in the ocean.
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nitric acid, hno3, is classified as a strong acid in water. this means that it produces
nitric acid (HNO3) is classified as a strong acid in water, which means that it dissociates completely in water to produce hydrogen ions (H+) and nitrate ions (NO3-).
This is in contrast to weak acids, which only partially dissociate in water. Strong acids have a very low pH (typically less than 1) and are highly corrosive, making them useful for many industrial applications such as making fertilizers, explosives, and dyes. However, they can also be dangerous and must be handled with care. A strong acid is an acid that fully dissociates or ionizes in water, meaning it releases all of its hydrogen ions (H+) into solution. This makes the acid highly acidic and gives it a low pH (typically less than 1). Some examples of strong acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3), and perchloric acid (HClO4). Strong acids are highly reactive and can cause chemical burns and other damage if not handled properly. \
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Calculate ΔS∘ for Ti(s)+2Cl2(g)→TiCl4(g)
Express your answer using four significant figures.
ΔS∘ for Ti(s)+2Cl2(g)→TiCl4(g) is 659.6J/mol.. It is important to note that, as a general rule, a positive ΔS° indicates an increase in disorder and a negative ΔS° indicates a decrease in disorder.
The change in entropy (ΔS) for a chemical reaction can be calculated using the standard entropies (S°) of the reactants and products.
ΔS° = S°(products) - S°(reactants). For the reaction Ti(s) + 2Cl2(g) → TiCl4(g)S° of Ti(s) = 29.1 J/mol·K, S° of Cl2(g) = 223.1 J/mol·K, S° of TiCl4(g) = 167.4 J/mol·K. Therefore, ΔS° = (S°(TiCl4) + 2S°(Cl2)) - S°(Ti)ΔS° = (167.4 + 2*223.1) - 29.1 = 659.6 J/mol·K. So the ΔS∘ for Ti(s) + 2Cl2(g) → TiCl4(g) is 659.6 J/mol·K with four significant figures. It is important to note that, as a general rule, a positive ΔS° indicates an increase in disorder and a negative ΔS° indicates a decrease in disorder. So in this case, the process of going from solid titanium and gaseous chlorine to gaseous titanium tetrachloride increases disorder, which is consistent with a positive ΔS°.
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How many moles are in 50 grams?
3.125 moles of oxygen are present in 50 g.
A mole is the volume of a substance that contains 6.022 X 1023 of the substance's particles, atoms, ions, molecules, etc. A mole is a unit for counting molecules, ions, or atoms. Divide the given mass of an element by its molar mass to find the number of moles in that quantity.
The atomic weight of an element, or its relative atomic mass, on the periodic table, expressed in g/mol, is its molecular mass.
The molar mass of oxygen is 16 g/mol, and there are 3.125 moles in a given amount of mass and molar mass.
Consequently, 3.125 moles of oxygen are present in 50 g.
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What numbers do I put on the right side?
The leftovers of [tex]C_2H_2[/tex] will be 6 moles while the leftover of [tex]O_2[/tex] will be zero.
Mole ratio of reactantsIn the originally balanced equation of the reaction, 2 moles of [tex]C_2H_2[/tex] and 5 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] react completely to produce 4 moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex] and 2 moles of [tex]H_2O[/tex]. This equation is balanced with no reactant left.
Now, 8 moles of [tex]C_2H_2[/tex] were made to react with 5 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] in the second reaction. The mole ratio of the two reactants for complete reactions is 2:5. Thus, [tex]C_2H_2[/tex] has been supplied in excess.
Since only 5 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] is available, only 2 moles of [tex]C_2H_2[/tex] will be consumed. Thus, 6 moles of [tex]C_2H_2[/tex] will be left while the oxygen will be completely consumed. That is, the amount of [tex]O_2[/tex] left would be zero.
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The normal boiling point for acetone is 56.5°C. At an elevation of 5300 ft the atmospheric pressure is 630. torr. What would be the boiling point of acetone (ΔHvap 32.0 kJ/mol) at this elevation? What would be the vapor pressure of acetone at 22.0°C at this elevation?
The normal boiling point for acetone is 56.5°C. At an elevation of 5300 ft the atmospheric pressure is 630. torr. The vapor pressure of acetone at 22.0°C at this elevation is 212.22 torr.
What is vapor pressure ?The equilibrium pressure of a vapour above its liquid (or solid), or the pressure of the vapour produced by the evaporation of a liquid (or solid) above a sample of the liquid (or solid) in a closed container, is the vapour pressure of a liquid. Substance; vapour pressure at 25 °C, as examples.
In Step 1:
The normal boiling point for acetone = 56.5°C.
At an elevation of 5300 ft the atmospheric pressure = 630 torr
ΔHvap = 32.0 kJ/mol
The temperature is 24.0 °C
In Step 2:
ln(p1/p2) = (∆ H/R) (1/T2 - 1/T1)
Normal atmospheric pressure
= 1 atm
= 760 torr
So, (760/630) = ((32.000 J/mol) / (8.314 J/K*mol)) (1/T2 - 1/329.65 K).
T2 = 324.4 K = 51.25 °C.
This is the boiling point of acetone at 5300 ft.
The vapor pressure = atmospheric pressure at the boiling point for any liquid.
ln (Pv/630atm) = ((32.000 J/mol) / (8.314 J/K*mol)) (1/324.4 K - 1/297.15)
ln (Pv/630) = -13615388.3
Pv = 212.22 torr
Thus, The vapor pressure of acetone at 22.0°C at this elevation is 212.22 torr.
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3) Which of the following is a true statement?
A: Ice cannot float on water.
B: Carbon is a part of the compound of water.
C: Water is a universal solvent.
D: Hard water is good for making soap lather.
PLS HELP ME PLS
Water is called a ‘universal solvent' because water can dissolve much more substances than any other liquid found in nature but water cannot dissolve every substance.
Is water called universal solvent?Water is referred to as a "universal solvent" because it has a considerably wider range of natural solvent properties than any other liquid. However, water is not capable of dissolving all compounds.
For instance, water cannot dissolve hydroxides, fats, or waxes because oppositely charged particles are not very soluble in water. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms are arranged polarly in water molecules.
The oxygen atom has a negative charge, while the hydrogen atom on one side has a positive charge.The water molecule can more easily attach to various compounds thanks to these charges.
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Because it can dissolve a greater variety of chemicals than any other natural liquid, water is referred to as a "universal solvent," though it does not dissolve all substances. The option C is true.
The term "universal solvent" refers to water.In comparison to other liquids, water has a much larger spectrum of natural solvent qualities, earning it the moniker "universal solvent". Nevertheless, not all substances can be dissolved by water.
Because water is not highly soluble in oppositely charged particles, it cannot dissolve hydroxides, fats, or waxes, for example. Water molecules have polar arrangements of the hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
In contrast to the hydrogen atom on one side, which has a positive charge, the oxygen atom has a negative charge.
These charges allow the water molecule to more readily bind to different substances.
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Is there something wrong with the chemical equation shown? Look carefully at the equation. What would need to be done to this equation to make sure that it follows the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Remove 2 hydrogen atoms (reactant) and 1 oxygen atom (product).
This equation already follows the Law of Conservation of Mass.
Add 2 hydrogen atoms (product) and 1 oxygen atom (reactant).
Add coefficients to some of the compounds to balance the number of atoms.
Answer:
Add coefficients to some of the compounds to balance the number of atoms.
Explanation:
The balanced equation should be CH4 + 2 O2 = CO2 + 2 H2O
So you see we had to use coefficients in front of some of the compounds to balance number of atoms.