what is propagation of errors

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Answer 1

Error propagation (or uncertainty propagation) is defined as the effect of varying uncertainty on a function.

It is a calculus-based statistical calculation designed to combine the uncertainties of multiple variables to provide an accurate measure of uncertainty.

Every measurement has an element of uncertainty, and not all uncertainties are created equal. Therefore, the ability to properly combine the uncertainties of different measurements is crucial.

The uncertainty in the measurement arises from a number of reasons: instrument variability, different observers, differences between samples, time of day, etc. Typically, the error is expressed as the standard deviation (σx ) size.

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Related Questions

Which of the statements are examples of hypotheses?
- A scientist predicts that birds will eat more white-bodied moths than black-bodied moths in a forest polluted with soot from factories
- A scientist predicts that birds will eat more black-bodied moths than white-bodied moths in a forest unpolluted with soot

Answers

Both statements are examples of hypotheses. A hypothesis is a statement that proposes a possible explanation for a phenomenon or a prediction of the outcome of an experiment or observation.

In this case, the scientists are making predictions about the feeding behavior of birds based on the color of moths and the presence or absence of pollution in the environment. These predictions can be tested through observation and experimentation, which is the basis of scientific inquiry.

Environment can be summed up as the effects of all the living and non-living things that have an impact on human life. Non-living or abiotic elements include water, land, sunshine, rocks, and air, whereas all live or biotic elements are animals, plants, forests, fisheries, and birds.

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in 1968, audi released a new car design. what was the name of the car?

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In 1968, Audi introduced a revolutionary new car design called the Audi 100. This mid-size executive car was a game-changer in terms of technology and innovation.

It was the first Audi to feature a front-wheel drive system, which improved traction and handling on the road. The Audi 100 was also equipped with a four-cylinder engine that utilized electronic fuel injection, making it more fuel-efficient and powerful than its contemporaries.

Another notable feature was its aerodynamic design, which not only looked sleek but also helped to reduce wind noise and improve fuel efficiency. Overall, the Audi 100 set a new standard for luxury and performance in the automotive industry.

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How does the author let the reader know that Mr Dombey has waited many years to have a son?

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Dombey was anywhere between eight and forty years old. roughly eight and forty minutes, son. Dombey was a gorgeous, well-built man, but he was also rather bald and red.

What can be inferred about Mr. Dombey by the reader?

What can the reader deduce about the connection between Mr. Dombey and his wife based on her surprise at him referring to her as "my dear"? Mr. Dombey's relationship with his wife is typically stiff and aloof.

How does Dombey feel about the arrival of his son?

The chapter's recurring theme is Dombey's fascination with what his son's birth signifies to him and his own life. He is not viewing the birth of his baby as a blessing and an overwhelming joyous moment, but rather as "exulting in the long-looked-for occurrence." It is clear from the word "event" what the birth.

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WHY IS FREEDOM SO IMPORTANT THAT YOU SHOULD FIGHT TO HAVE OR MAINTAIN IT​

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Answer:

freedom is important because it gives us the right world to live and do things that we want or need and if we don’t fight for it then we cannot do the things we want and justice will be lost. We have to find it to maintain safety and rights.

Explanation:

How does the author's use of specifc word choices surgest Hucks ainde toward he siter.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

How did slavery in the Americas affect African society?

Slave labor within Africa became more common, and violence between Africans increased.

Slave labor within Africa became less common, and violence between Africans decreased.

African culture began to incorporate European customs such as language, food, and music.

African culture returned to its roots to avoid European influences and the enslavement system.

in operant conditioning, what does it mean to say a response has been strengthened or weakened?

Answers

A response has either increased or decreased in likelihood, depending on whether it has been strengthened or weakened.

Usually, punishment or reinforcement are used to accomplish this. Reinforcement is the process of rewarding a desired behaviour to increase the likelihood that it will be repeated in the future. Punishment is the act of making an undesirable conduct less likely to occur again in the future. In operant conditioning, when a behaviour is rewarded, it is reinforced. This reward could be something material—like a tasty treat—or intangible—like verbal acclaim or acknowledgment. Changing behaviour through rewards or penalties is the aim of operant conditioning.

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alex was having a tough time cyber awareness. what is this condition called

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There is no specific medical or psychological condition called "cyber awareness," so it's not clear what kind of difficulties Alex is experiencing based on that term alone.

However, "cyber awareness" generally refers to the ability to understand and navigate the online world in a safe and responsible way. Some people may struggle with cyber awareness, which can lead to problems such as cyberbullying, online harassment, identity theft, or falling victim to online scams. If Alex is having difficulty with cyber awareness, he may benefit from education and training on online safety and responsible online behavior.

This could include learning about the risks associated with sharing personal information online, understanding how to spot and avoid scams, and developing strategies for dealing with online bullying or harassment. In severe cases, if Alex is experiencing negative psychological effects related to his online experiences, he may benefit from seeking help from a mental health professional.

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Write a lyrical poem about RESOURCE-FULLNESS
-must have a metaphor, simile, personification, imagery, symbolism, onomatopoeia, alliteration
-must have a title
THEN
Summarize the meaning of your poem on three sentences
-list the three thematic topics or three main ideas
-explain your symbolism

Answers

Answer:

Title: The Well

Beneath the earth, a hidden spring,

An endless source, a sacred thing,

A well that brings forth life and light,

And bathes the world in pure delight.

It sings a song with every drop,

A rhythm, like a beating heart,

And whispers secrets to the stones,

And stories to the wind that moans.

It feeds the roots, it greens the trees,

It quenches thirst and cools the breeze,

A treasure trove that never ends,

A giver, guide, and trusted friend.

The water source is an emblem of ingenuity, portraying the limitless abundance of innovative vigor that dwells within us. The water source signifies the human essence, which possesses the capacity to mend, feed, and motivate. The verse exalts the loveliness and copiousness of the environment, and prompts us to recall the significance of welcoming and supporting the assets encircling us. The allegory of the water source intimates that we ought to be attentive of the assets we have within our grasp, and that we should employ them judiciously and liberally, to generate a more harmonious, viable domain.

what did pope leo x do

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Pope Leo X established Rome as a centre of culture and politics, but he drained the papal coffers in the process.

Although Pope Leo X was well-known, he failed to take the Reformation seriously, which led to the Western church's disintegration. Martin Luther was condemned by Leo in 1521. Leo opposed the Protestant Reformation, and his papal bull Exsurge Domine from 1520 denounced Luther's pejorative stance, making further communication challenging. He was a great patron of the arts and borrowed and spent money carelessly.Just like all good things have a bit of bad in them, similarly pope was also have traits of good as well as bad in his personality.

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What term describes an area where sugars are used or stored?

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An area where sugars are used or stored is a sink (option 2). This usually refers to a plant's roots and fruits.

The sinks are the areas where growth is occurring right now and the storage areas. These components of the sinks include the roots, the flowers, and the fruits. The roots may convert some sucrose to starch and store it.

The flowers use the sucrose to create fructose and later when the fruits are developing, quite significant amounts of sucrose may be used to produce sweet fruit ready to draw in animals.

However, there is a time of year when many plants go dormant. They wait out the harsh conditions during this phase while engaging in less activity. While dormant, plants rely on their reserves of starch, oils, and other materials to survive instead of photosynthesis. They resume growing when the seasons change. Now, sucrose is created from the materials that were previously stored, and it is shipped to the growing area.

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Note that the full question is:

Which term describes an area where sugars are used or stored?

1. Stomata

2. Sink

3. Source

4. Leaves

Write something similar for the novel “The Open Boat”, about the life boat.

Answers

"The Open Boat" is a short story by Stephen Crane that depicts the harrowing experience of four men who are stranded in a small lifeboat in the middle of the ocean.

What is the story about?

Throughout the story, the lifeboat serves as a metaphor for the fragility and uncertainty of human existence, as the men struggle to survive in the face of the relentless forces of nature.

The lifeboat in "The Open Boat" is a small, fragile vessel that is at the mercy of the ocean's currents and waves. Despite its size and limited capacity, it serves as a refuge for the four men who cling to it in desperation, hoping that it will keep them afloat long enough to be rescued. The lifeboat is not a luxurious or comfortable place to be, but it offers a sense of security and shelter from the vast and treacherous sea.

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