Iodine is the element which is a main group element with an odd atomic number. Therefore, the correct option is option D.
What is main group element?The main group of elements in chemistry as well as atomic physics are those whose lightest members are depicted by helium, alkaline earth metals, beryllium, boron, dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, as well as fluorine as listed inside the the element's periodic table. This group of elements is also referred to as the representative elements.
Except for hydrogen, which is occasionally excluded, the elements in group 1 and 2 (s-block) plus groups 13 to 18 make up the major group (p-block). Iodine is the element which is a main group element with an odd atomic number.
Therefore, the correct option is option D.
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How are rocks most often classified?
A
by their age
B
by their mass
C
by their location
D
by their formation
Answer: the answer is d
Explanation:
Answer: I would say it how they form.
Explanation: for example sedimentary rocks form from rivière or other sources of water eroding rocks and depositing them in other places
How many grams of water are produced by the combustion of 32.0g of ch4?
CH4+202–>2H2+CO2
Show your work
what happens to a light as it passes through a blue drink
all colors are reflected by the drink except for blue which is absorbed by the drink
all colors are refracted by the drink except for blue which is reflected through the drink
all colors are transmitted through the drink except for blue which is absorbed by the drink
all colors are absorbed by the drink except for blue which is transmitted through the drink.
The Statement "All colors are transmitted through the drink except for blue which is absorbed by the drink." is correct on what happens to a light as it passes through a blue drink.
What is light?Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye. It is a type of energy that travels through space in the form of waves and does not require a medium to propagate. Light is produced by the movement of charged particles and travels at a constant speed of about 299,792,458 meters per second in a vacuum.
When light passes through a blue drink, the liquid absorbs the blue portion of the spectrum and allows the other colors to pass through. This is because the blue pigment in the drink selectively absorbs the blue portion of the spectrum, which is why we perceive the liquid as blue. The other colors in the visible spectrum are transmitted through the drink and are not affected.
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Calculate the pH change when of 1 mL of 0.2 M HCl is added to 50 mL of deionized water.
The pH change when of 1 mL of 0.2 M HCl is added to 50 mL of deionized water is -1.
Using the dilution formula which is,
M1V1=M2V2
(0.2)(50)=M2(1)
M2=10
pH formula: -log(H+)
= -log(10)
=-1
What is pH?The pH of a solution indicates how acidic it is. The pH of pure water is 7.
The pH scale is used in chemistry to determine whether an aqueous solution is basic or acidic. The term pH originally meant "hydrogen potential". Acidic solutions often have lower pH values than basic or alkaline solutions.
Water is neither acidic nor basic, it is neutral at pH 7. The scale ranges from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic) (very basic). Water is often between 6.5 and 8.5 on the scale.
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When 50 mL of deionized water and 1 mL of 0.2 M HCl are combined, the pH changes to -1.
According to the given data:Using the dilution formula which is,
M1V1=M2V2
(0.2)(50)=M2(1)
M2=10
pH formula: -log(H+)
= -log(10)
=-1
What is pH?How acidic a solution is can be determined by its pH. Pure water has a pH of 7. In chemistry, the pH scale is used to identify how an aqueous solution is basic or acidic. "Hydrogen potential" was the original meaning of the term pH. The pH of acidic solutions is frequently lower than that of basic or alkaline solutions. At a pH of 7, water is neither acidic nor basic. From 0 (extremely acidic) to 14 (very basic), the scale runs (very basic). On the pH scale, water frequently ranges from 6.5 to 8.5.
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How does the seed of a gymnosperm differ from the seed of an angiosperm?
Answer:
The seed of a gymnosperm is typically covered by a protective coat, such as a cone or a scale, while the seed of an angiosperm is typically enclosed in a fruit or other protective covering. Additionally, gymnosperm seeds are typically not as well-developed as angiosperm seeds, and they do not contain an embryo or endosperm.
An instrument that is used in chemical experiments is:
A gun
A laser pointer
A vacuum chamber
Paper
What is the charge of the common ion formed by each of these atoms? Either -2,-1,+1, or +2.
S, Br, I, Li, Sr, Mg, Na, Cs, Ba, F, and O
S: -2 (Sulfur) , Br: -1 (Bromine), I: -1 (Iodine) ,Li: +1 (Lithium) ,Sr: +2 (Strontium) ,Mg: +2 (Magnesium) ,Na: +1 (Sodium) ,Cs: +1 (Cesium), Ba: +2 (Barium) ,F: -1 (Fluorine) ,O: -2 (Oxygen)
What is Magnesium ?Magnesium is an essential mineral found in the human body. It plays an important role in the body, acting as a cofactor in over 300 enzyme systems that regulate diverse biochemical reactions in the body, including protein synthesis, muscle and nerve function, blood glucose levels, and blood pressure regulation. Magnesium is also involved in energy production and metabolism and is necessary for the proper functioning of muscles, nerves, and enzymes. It helps to keep bones strong, maintains normal heart rhythm, and helps to regulate blood sugar and blood pressure levels. Magnesium is found in many foods, including green leafy vegetables, nuts, seeds, and some types of seafood.
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A typical high-pressure tire on a bicycle might have a volume of 365 mL and a pressure of 7.80 atm at 25 °C. Suppose the rider filled the tire with helium to minimize weight. What is the mass of the helium in the tire?
The mass of helium in the tire is 0.0452 g. To calculate the mass of helium in the tire, we need to use the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas to its number of moles and therefore its mass: PV = nRT
To calculate the mass of helium in the tire, we need to use the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas to its number of moles and therefore its mass:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature.
We know the pressure, volume, and temperature of the helium in the tire, so we can solve for the number of moles of helium:
n = PV/RT
where R = 0.08206 L atm/K mol is the universal gas constant.
Substituting the values given:
n = (7.80 atm) x (0.365 L) / [(0.08206 L atm/K mol) x (25°C + 273.15)]
n = 0.0113 mol
Finally, we can calculate the mass of the helium using the molar mass of helium, which is 4.003 g/mol:
mass = n x molar mass
mass = 0.0113 mol x 4.003 g/mol
mass = 0.0452 g
Therefore, the mass of helium in the tire is 0.0452 g.
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From the following which reaction is not redox reaction ?A. 2H2+????2→2H2????B. ????????++????????→????????+++????????C. H????????+H2????→H3????++????????−D. ????????2+2H2????+????????2→4H++????????−24+2????????−
The correct answer is C. H???????? + H2???? → H3????+ + ????????-, since there is no change in oxidation state for any of the elements in the reaction, which is the key characteristic of redox reactions.
In this reaction, the hydrogen molecule (H2) is split into two hydrogen ions (H+) and two electrons (e-). One of the hydrogen ions combines with another hydrogen atom (H?) to form a hydronium ion (H3O+), while the remaining electron and the other hydrogen ion (H+) combine to form a hydrogen molecule (H2). Probable reactions would be HCl+H2O → H3O+Cl-
There is no change in oxidation state for any of the elements in the reaction, since hydrogen goes from an oxidation state of 0 in both the reactants and the products.
A. 2H2+????2→2H2???? probable reactions would be 2H2+O2→2H2O is a redox reaction, as oxygen is being reduced from O2 to OH- and hydrogen is being oxidized from H2 to H+.
B. ????????++????????→????????+++???????? probable reactions would be K+Fe3+→K+Fe2+ is a redox reaction, as iron is being reduced from Fe3+ to Fe2+ and potassium is being oxidized from K+ to K+.
D. ????????2+2H2????+????????2→4H++????????−24+2????????− probable reactions would be C2H2+2H2O+O2→4H++CO2−24+2O2− is a redox reaction, as oxygen is being reduced from O2 to OH- and carbon is being oxidized from C2H2 to CO2.
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if heat was lost from the calorimeter while the ice was melting, how would the molar heat of fusion change?
If heat was lost from the calorimeter while the ice was melting, the measured value of the molar heat of fusion would be lower than the true value.
This is because some of the heat that is released when the ice melts would be absorbed by the surroundings (including the calorimeter and the air), instead of being used to heat up the water in the calorimeter.
The molar heat of fusion is defined as the amount of heat required to melt one mole of a substance at its melting point, with no change in temperature. It is usually determined experimentally using a calorimeter, which is an insulated container that can measure changes in temperature and heat flow.
In the experiment to measure the molar heat of fusion of ice, a known mass of ice is added to a calorimeter containing a known mass of water at a higher temperature. The heat released by the melting ice is absorbed by the water, causing it to cool down. By measuring the change in temperature of the water, the amount of heat released by the melting ice can be calculated, and from this, the molar heat of fusion can be determined.
If some of the heat released by the melting ice is lost to the surroundings, the measured value of the heat released will be lower than the true value, and hence the calculated molar heat of fusion will also be lower than the true value. To obtain a more accurate value of the molar heat of fusion, the heat loss from the calorimeter should be minimized by insulating the calorimeter and conducting the experiment in a thermally stable environment.
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some cars can use butane (c4h10) as feul 2c4h10+13o2->8co+10h2o
how many grams of h2o are produced 5.38 grams of o2
Answer:
Podemos utilizar la estequiometría de la reacción química para calcular la cantidad de agua (H2O) producida a partir de 5.38 gramos de oxígeno (O2).
La reacción química balanceada es:
2 C4H10 + 13 O2 → 8 CO + 10 H2O
La proporción molar entre O2 y H2O es 13:10. Primero, necesitamos determinar cuántos moles de O2 tenemos:
n(O2) = m(O2) / M(O2) = 5.38 g / 32 g/mol = 0.1681 mol
Según la estequiometría de la reacción, cada mol de O2 produce 10 moles de H2O. Ente
n(H2O) = 10 x n(O2) = 10 x 0,1681 mol = 1,681 mol
Finalmente, podemos calcular la masa de H2O producida:
m(H2O) = n(H2O) x M(H2O) = 1.681 mol x 18 g/mol = 30.258 g
Por lo tanto, se producen 30.258 gramos de H2O a partir de 5.38 gramos de O2.
Explanation:
espero te sirva
If 82.16 grams of lithium metal react with excess water, how many liters of hydrogen gas will be produced at 232.05 Kelvin and 0.750 atmospheres? Lithium metal reacts with water to produce Lithium Hydroxide plus Hydrogen gas.
If 82.16 grams of lithium metal react with excess water, 13.1L of hydrogen gas will be produced at 232.05 Kelvin and 0.750 atmospheres.
What is volume?A measurement of three-dimensional space is volume. Several imperial or US customary units, as well as SI-derived units (such the cubic meter and liter), are frequently used to quantify it quantitatively. Volume and length (cubed) have a symbiotic relationship.
The volume of something like a container is often thought of as its capacity, not as the amount of space it takes up. In other words, the volume refers to the amount of fluid (liquid or gas) that the container may hold.
2Li + 2H[tex]_2[/tex]O [tex]\rightarrow[/tex] 2LiOH + H[tex]_2[/tex]
Moles of lithium = given mass/ molar mass
= 82.16 / 6
= 13.6 moles
the mole ratio between lithium and hydrogen is 2 : 1
moles of hydrogen = 13.6/ 2 = 6.8moles
0.750 ×V = 6.8×8.314×232.05
V =13.1L
Therefore, 13.1L is the volume of hydrogen gas.
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The longest-range form of radiation, which has high energy and can range several hundred feet or more is:
A. beta particles
B. alpha particles
C. X-rays
D. neutron radiation
The longest - range form of radiation, which has high energy and can range several hundred feet or more is the correct option is D. neutron radiation.
The neutron radiation is the form of the ionizing radiation that is presents as the free neutrons. It is the phenomena that are the nuclear fission or the nuclear fusion which will causing the release of the free neutrons, which then will react with the nuclei of other atoms to form the new nuclides and which, in the turn, will trigger the further neutron radiation.
Thus, the neutron radiation is the longest range form of radiation, which has high energy .
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what is oxygen gas formula?
The formula for oxygen gas is O₂.
Oxygen gas is a diatomic molecule consisting of two oxygen atoms bonded together by a covalent bond. It is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that makes up about 21% of the Earth's atmosphere by volume. Oxygen gas is essential for the survival of most living organisms, as it is used in cellular respiration to produce energy.
It is also used in a variety of industrial processes, such as steel production and chemical synthesis. The chemical formula O2 is used to represent one molecule of oxygen gas, which contains a total of 16 protons and 16 electrons.
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When using acids and bases, note that these substances are _____ Make every effort to avoid contact with ______ Be sure to wipe up any spills ______.
Choose bellow:
corrosive; immediately ; the skin and lab surfaces
When an acid and a base combine, the matching salt and water are created. An acid-base reaction is what is happening here. The neutralization reaction is another name for the acid-base reaction.
What is the technique by which an acid and a base cancel one another?The interaction of H+ ions and OH- ions produces water in a neutralization reaction, which occurs when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt. A pH of 7 results from the neutralization of a potent acid and potent base.
What compounds are created when an acid and a base interact?An acid and a base react when they are combined to negate the effects of the acid and base,
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why 1-bromobutane undergoes dehydrohalogenation by an E2 elimination mechanism when heated with potassium tert-butoxide.?
1-bromobutane undergoes dehydrohalogenation by an E2 elimination mechanism when heated with potassium tert-butoxide because this follow second order kinetics.
E2 elimination mechanism can be referred as a bimolecular elimination which is basically a one-step mechanism. In this mechanism, the carbon-hydrogen and carbon-halogen bonds mostly break off to form a new double bond. In the E2 elimination mechanism a base is part of the rate-determining step and it has a huge influence on the mechanism. A second-order reaction is defined as the sum of the exponents in the rate law is equal to two. Dehydrohalogenation is defined as a reaction in which a hydrogen atom and a halogen atom are removed from adjacent atoms in a molecule forming an alkene or an alkyne. When reacted with strong base such as hydroxide ion, cyclohexyl chloride and potassium tert-butoxide suffers dehydrohalogenation by a concerted E2 reaction mechanism.
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How much energy is released during the combustion of 60 g of ethane and excess o2? 2c2h6 7o2 → 4co2 6h2o, δh = -1500 kj/mol
The combustion of 60 g of ethane with excess oxygen releases approximately 1495.40 kJ of energy.
The combustion of 60 g of ethane (C2H6) with excess oxygen (O2) can be calculated using the balanced chemical equation:
2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of ethane (C2H6) that react, 1500 kJ of heat energy is released. Therefore, we need to convert 60 g of ethane to moles using its molar mass of 30.07 g/mol:
60 g C2H6 × (1 mol C2H6 / 30.07 g C2H6) = 1.996 mol C2H6
Since 2 moles of ethane react to produce 1500 kJ of energy, we can use a proportion to calculate the energy released from 1.996 moles of ethane:
(1500 kJ / 2 mol C2H6) × 1.996 mol C2H6 = 1495.40 kJ
Therefore, the combustion of 60 g of ethane with excess oxygen releases approximately 1495.40 kJ of energy. This calculation assumes that all of the ethane reacts completely and that all of the heat energy released is transferred to the surroundings.
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a scientist mixes 0.02 g of a strong base in 83 ml of water and obtains a ph of 12. he then realizes that he forgot to label the container and forgot what base he added. what is the most likely the identity of this base?a. KOHb. LiOHc. RbOHd. NaOH
Now, we must first calculate the value of pOH using the provided pH value in order to get the concentration of hydroxide ions. LiOH will be the base.
What is meant by pH?A way to gauge how basic or acidic a material or solution is. On a scale of 0 to 14, pH is measured. A pH of 7 indicates neutrality on this scale, which implies it is neither acidic nor basic. If the pH is less than or equal to 7, it is more acidic and basic, respectively. pH is a measurement even though it appears to belong on the periodic table of elements.Potential Hydrogen, or pH, is an acronym that indicates the amount of hydrogen present in liquids as well as the degree of hydrogen ion activity.The negative logarithm of the hydronium ion concentration in moles per liter is used to calculate the pH of a solution. The formula is as follows:
pH = -log [H₃O⁺]
We have the relation, pH + pOH = 14
Then pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 12 = 2
[OH⁻] = -log [pOH]
= -log (2)
= 10⁻² M
= 0.01 M
The base's molar mass is:
[OH⁻] = Mass of the base × 1000 / Molar mass × volume
0.01 = 0.02 × 1000 / 0.01 × 83
= 24 mol / gm
LiOH thus has a molar mass of 24 mol/gm.
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A calcium supplement contains 570 mg of calcium per tablet. Write the equality for this statement. Express your answer using correct number of significant figures.
1 tablet = mg of calcium
A calcium supplement contains 570 mg of the calcium per tablet. The equality for this statement is 610 mg of the calcium = 1 tablet .
The Amount of the calcium present in the calcium supplement is 610 mg per tablet . The Equality statement are obtained is expressed as follows: 610mg of the calcium = 1 tablet
Our body needs calcium to be build and to maintain the strong bones. Our heart, muscles and the nerves also need the calcium to function it properly. When our body calcium intake is insufficient, and our body will remove the calcium from the bones, and making them weak and the brittle.
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How do you find the molar mass of ethanol?
To find the molar mass of ethanol, which has the chemical formula C₂H₅OH, you need to calculate the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in one molecule of ethanol.
Look up the atomic masses of each element in the formula:
Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol
Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol
Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol
Count the number of atoms of each element in one molecule of ethanol:
2 atoms of carbon (C)
6 atoms of hydrogen (H)
1 atom of oxygen (O)
Multiply the atomic mass of each element by the number of atoms of that element, then add the results together
(2 x 12.01 g/mol) + (6 x 1.01 g/mol) + (1 x 16.00 g/mol) = 46.07 g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of ethanol is approximately 46.07 g/mol.
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What is nitrogen dioxide formula
The nitrogen dioxide formula is NO2. It is a chemical compound composed of one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms. Nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-brown gas with a pungent odor and is a common air pollutant.
Nitrogen dioxide is formed by the reaction of nitrogen oxide (NO) and oxygen (O2) in the atmosphere, typically from the combustion of fossil fuels in vehicles and power plants. It can also be formed by lightning, forest fires, and volcanic eruptions.
The NO2 molecule has a linear shape, with the nitrogen atom in the center and the two oxygen atoms on either side. The nitrogen atom has five valence electrons, and each oxygen atom has six valence electrons. In order to form a stable molecule, nitrogen shares one of its electrons with each of the oxygen atoms, forming two covalent bonds. This results in a nitrogen-oxygen double bond, as well as a nitrogen-oxygen single bond.
The Lewis structure of NO2 shows that the molecule has an unpaired electron on the nitrogen atom, making it a free radical. This unpaired electron makes NO2 highly reactive and unstable, which contributes to its role as an air pollutant.
NO2 is known to cause respiratory problems and other health issues in humans and animals, and it can also contribute to the formation of acid rain. As a result, many countries have regulations in place to limit the emissions of NO2 and other air pollutants.
In summary, the nitrogen dioxide formula is NO2, a chemical compound composed of one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms. It is a common air pollutant formed by the reaction of nitrogen oxide and oxygen in the atmosphere, typically from the combustion of fossil fuels. NO2 has a linear shape, with a nitrogen-oxygen double bond and a nitrogen-oxygen single bond. It is highly reactive and unstable due to its unpaired electron, which contributes to its role as an air pollutant.
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What is the density of a substance that has a volume of 24 ml and weighs of 216 grams
Explanation:
Formula for density = mass/volume
where mass = 216g
volume = 24ml
density = ?
Density = 216 ÷ 24
= 9g/ml
At which catabolic step is the greatest quantity of ATP produced? Oxidative phosphorylation Citric acid cycle Glycolysis Pyruvate oxidation Alcoholic fermentation
Oxidative phosphorylation is the catabolic step in which the greatest quantity of ATP produced.
What is oxidative phosphorylation?Oxidative phosphorylation or electron transport-linked phosphorylation or terminal oxidation is the metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, thereby releasing chemical energy in order to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
In eukaryotes, this takes place inside mitochondria. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is so pervasive because it releases more energy than alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.
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what is periodic table atomic mass?
Generally, the atomic mass is defined as a weighted average of all of the isotopes present in that element, in which the mass of each isotope is multiplied by the abundance of that particular isotope.
Atomic number is defined as the number of protons present in the nucleus (which is the same as the number of electrons in the atom). Basically a one or two letter symbol that represents the element. These are internationally-used symbols and abbreviations for the common name or the Latin name of the element.
Generally, the atomic mass is the average number of protons and neutrons in atoms of a chemical elements, which allows for the natural abundances of the element's isotopes.
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experiment 4: describe what happens when solutions of naoh and nicl2 are combined.
When nickel chloride or sodium hydroxide combine, sodium chloride and a precipitate of nickel hydroxide with a green hue are produced. Although sodium chloride is a colorless aqueous solution.
What is the purpose of nickel chloride?Powder that is golden-yellow is nickel chloride. It is employed in the production of ink and electroplating. Since nickel chloride is subject to OSHA regulation and is mentioned by the ACGIH, DOT, NIOSH, DEP, and EPA, it is listed on the Hazardous Substances List.
Where does NiCl2 come from?A nickel and chloride combination with a 1:2 ratio of nickel to chloride (in the +2 oxidized state). The chemical element NiCl2 stands for nickel(II) chloride, sometimes known as nickel chloride.
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If the identity of a gas at stp is 2.50 grams per litre, what is the molar mass of the gas
56 g. Given that the density is 2.5 g/L, we know that 1 mole of any ideal gas takes up 22.4 L at STP conditions. Hence, we may conclude that this gas's molar mass is equal to 56 g if one mole of it weighs 56 g.
How can I calculate molar mass?The atomic mass in g/mol is the element's typical molar mass. The atomic mass in AMU can also be used to compute molar mass by multiplying it by the molar mass constant (1 g/mol). Add together all the atomic masses of the constituent atoms to determine the molar mass of a compound with numerous atoms.
How does the ideal gas law work?For instance, the ideal gas law asserts that, if the gas's mass and particle count are constant, the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas are all precisely proportional to one another.
Given;
Density of the gas at STP = 2.5 g/L
At STP volume of the gas = 22.4 litres/mole
6.023×10∧23 molecules contains 1 mole of gas = Molar mass of gas
Density = mass / volume
2.5 = molar mass / 22.4
Molar mass = 56g/mol
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Samantha recorded observations on the similarities between the life cycle of an eagle and the life cycle of a moth that undergoes complete metamorphosis. Which observation is Samantha wrong about?
A moth and an eagle both start their life cycle as a fertilized egg.
A moth and an eagle both hatch from an egg outside of their mother.
A moth and an eagle both undergo complete metamorphosis with significant change during development.
A. I
B.I and II
II and III
III
Answer:
C. II and III
Explanation:
Observation I is correct, as both moths and eagles begin their life cycle as a fertilized egg. Observation III is also correct, as both undergo significant changes during development.
However, Observation II is incorrect. Eagles are born as live young, while moths hatch from their eggs as larvae and undergo complete metamorphosis before becoming an adult. Therefore, moths do not hatch from an egg outside of their mother, but rather hatch from an egg laid by their mother.
For the list of alcohols rank the alcohols in strength from weakest acid t0 strongest acid: Weakest Strongest FzCHOH FzCOH FCH,OH CH;OH
Answer:
CH3OH (methyl alcohol)
FCH2OH (fluoromethanol)
F2CHOH (difluoromethanol)
F3COH (trifluoromethanol)
Explanation:
In general, the strength of an acid increases with the stability of the conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the stronger the acid. In this case, we can compare the stability of the conjugate bases of the alcohols. The more stable the conjugate base, the weaker the acid.
The conjugate base of an alcohol is an alkoxide ion (RO-), formed by removing a proton (H+) from the alcohol. The stability of the alkoxide ion depends on the strength of the carbon-oxygen bond. The stronger the carbon-oxygen bond, the more stable the alkoxide ion, and the weaker the acid.
Therefore, we can rank the alcohols in terms of acidity as follows (from weakest to strongest):
c. CH3OH (methyl alcohol)
a. FCH2OH (fluoromethanol)
b. F2CHOH (difluoromethanol)
d. F3COH (trifluoromethanol)
This is because as we go from CH3OH to FCH2OH to F2CHOH to F3COH, the electronegativity of the atom attached to the carbon atom increases, leading to a stronger carbon-oxygen bond, and therefore a more stable alkoxide ion and a weaker acid.
a sample of gas occupies 1,55 L at 27 C what will be the volume at -100C?
A monatomic gas and a diatomic gas have equal numbers of moles and equal temperatures. Both are heated at constant pressure until their volume doubles. What is the ratio �
diatomic /
�
monatomic Q diatomic
/Q monatomic
?
The ideal monatomic molecule has three degrees of freedom, thus let N=the total number of molecules in each gas maintained at temperature T.
Hence, the monatomic gas's typical kinetic energy E₁=(3/2) Nkt
, then its heat capacity at constant volume,
[tex]e1=\frac{3}{2} nKt[/tex]
. [k= Boltzman constant]
Similarly, for the diatomic gas
Cv₂=5/2Nk
as 5 degrees of freedom are available to a diatomic molecule.
Now, each of the gases receives a certain quantity of energy E in the form of heat. If T₁ and T₂ are the corresponding temperature increases, then
E=Cv₁T₁=Cv₂T₂,
or,
T₁/T₂=Cv₂/Cv₁ = 5/3
So,
T1>T2
this monatomic gas will be more heated.
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The ratio of the final volumes is 1:1
The ratio of the final volume of the diatomic gas to that of the monatomic gas can be found using the ideal gas law, which relates pressure, volume, number of moles, and temperature:
PV = nRT
Where:
P = pressure
V = volume
n = number of moles
R = the gas constant
T = temperature
Since the gases are at the same temperature and have the same number of moles, their ratio of volumes will depend only on the ratio of their pressures.
Let's consider the monatomic gas first. Since the pressure is constant during heating, we can write:
P₁V₁ = nRT₁
After doubling the volume, the new volume is 2V₁, and we can write:
P₂(2V₁) = nRT₂
where P₂ is the new pressure and T₂ is the final temperature of the gas.
Dividing the second equation by the first equation, we get:
P₂(2V₁) / (P₁V₁) = nRT₂ / nRT₁
Canceling out n and rearranging the terms, we get:
P₂ / P₁ = (2V₁ / V₁) * (T₂ / T₁)
P₂ / P₁ = 2(T₂ / T₁)
Similarly, for the diatomic gas, we have:
P₃V₃ = nRT₁
P₄(2V₃) = nRT₂
Dividing the second equation by the first equation, we get:
P₄ / P₃ = (2V₃ / V₃) * (T₂ / T₁)
P₄ / P₃ = 2(T₂ / T₁)
Since both gases have the same number of moles and are heated at constant pressure, their initial pressures are the same (P₁ = P₃). Therefore, the ratio of the final pressures is:
P₂ / P₄ = (P₂ / P₁) * (P₃ / P₄) = 1 * (P₃ / P₄) = P₃ / P₄
Substituting the expressions we found for P₂ / P₁ and P₄ / P₃, we get:
P₃ / P₄ = (2(T₂ / T₁)) / (2(T₂ / T₁)) = 1
Therefore, the ratio of the final volumes of the diatomic gas to the monatomic gas is:
(2V₃) / (2V₁) = V₃ / V₁ = P₃ / P₁ = 1
So the ratio of the final volumes is 1:1. This means that both gases will occupy the same volume after being heated at constant pressure until their volume doubles, as long as they have the same number of moles and the same initial temperature.
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