Little proteins called cytokines act for the purpose of correspondence between immune system cells.
The Cytokines can likewise be called little proteins. They follow up on the insusceptible framework as a reaction to antigenic improvement and capability as a substance courier between cells of the invulnerable framework, permitting different cells to perceive what's going on and to accurately act.
The different cells of the versatile insusceptible framework convey either straightforwardly or by means of dissolvable synthetic couriers like cytokines (little proteins). These substance couriers are for the most part proteins and are delivered by various cells in the body.
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Five seconds into her run, Selina sees a rabbit and decides to chase it. She accelerates at a rate of 0.1m/s2. What would be her pace at 10s? Show your work.
Answer:
v = u + at
where
v is the final velocity
u is the initial velocity
a is the acceleration
t is the time
v = 0 + (0.1 m/s^2) × 10 s
v = 1 m/s
Therefore, Selina's velocity after 10 seconds of accelerating at 0.1 m/s^2 is 1 m/s.
explain why we need to use natural resources carefully
Answer:
Explanation:
We need to use natural resources carefully because they are finite and limited. Natural resources are the materials and substances that occur in the natural environment, such as minerals, water, soil, air, and plants, that are essential for human survival and for the functioning of ecosystems. However, human activities, such as mining, deforestation, and pollution, have resulted in the depletion and degradation of many natural resources, leading to environmental problems such as habitat destruction, soil erosion, water scarcity, and climate change.
When we use natural resources carelessly, we not only deplete them faster but also degrade the quality of the environment. Therefore, we need to conserve and manage natural resources wisely by reducing waste, recycling, reusing, and adopting sustainable practices. This can help to ensure that natural resources are available for future generations and that ecosystems can continue to provide essential services such as clean air, water, and soil. In addition, using natural resources carefully can lead to economic benefits by reducing costs, improving efficiency, and creating new opportunities for sustainable development.
I need help coming up with a conclusion please and thanks:
Test against critical values, and state conclusion
In statistical hypothesis testing, one of the final steps is to test the obtained test statistic against critical values and draw a conclusion
This process helps us determine whether the observed result is statistically significant and provides evidence to support or reject the null hypothesis.
If the obtained test statistic falls outside the critical values, we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. This means that the observed result is unlikely to have occurred by chance, and we can conclude that there is a significant difference or relationship between the variables being tested.
On the other hand, if the obtained test statistic falls within the critical values, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. This suggests that the observed result is likely due to chance, and we cannot conclude that there is a significant difference or relationship between the variables.
It is important to note that statistical hypothesis testing is just one tool in the broader field of statistics, and it should be used in conjunction with other methods to draw meaningful conclusions about data. Additionally, it is crucial to carefully consider the assumptions and limitations of the chosen test and to interpret the results in context to ensure accurate and informative conclusions.
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An airplane, starting from rest, accelerates at 5.0 ft/s/s down a runway for 30 seconds what will be the distance that the airplane goes during the time
The distance that the airplane goes during the time is found to be 2,736 meters when it has an acceleration of t 5.0 ft/s/s down a runway for 30 seconds.
What is Acceleration?Acceleration may be characterized as the rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time. It is a type of vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction.
According to the question,
The speed of an airplane = 5.0 ft/s/s. = 91.2 m/sec
The time taken by an airplane = 30 seconds.
The distance of an airplane is calculated with the help of the following:
Speed = Distance/Time taken.Distance = Speed × Time taken
= 91.2 × 30 = 2,736 meters.
Therefore, the distance that the airplane goes during the time is found to be 2,736 meters.
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what proportion of the f2 are expected to be ttrrgg ?
The predicted percentage of the f2 is ttrrgg the proportion of the F2 generation expected to be TtRrGg is 1/64, or approximately 0.016.
we need to know the genotype frequencies of each gene separately, assuming they are all independently assorting.
Let's assume that the three genes are AaBbCc, and that each gene has two alleles.
We can use the Punnett square method to calculate the possible genotypes of each gene:
Gene A: AA, Aa, aa (assuming A is dominant and a is recessive)
Gene B: BB, Bb, bb (assuming B is dominant and b is recessive)
Gene C: CC, Cc, cc (assuming C is dominant and c is recessive)
The probability of obtaining each genotype for each gene is:
Gene A: AA = 1/4, Aa = 1/2, aa = 1/4
Gene B: BB = 1/4, Bb = 1/2, bb = 1/4
Gene C: CC = 1/4, Cc = 1/2, cc = 1/4
To obtain the probability of a particular genotype combination, we can use the product law of probability, which states that the probability of two or more independent events occurring together is the product of their individual probabilities.
Therefore, the probability of obtaining the genotype TtRrGg (assuming T, R, and G are dominant and t, r, and g are recessive) is:
P(TtRrGg) = P(T) x P(t) x P(R) x P(r) x P(G) x P(g)
= (1/2) x (1/2) x (1/2) x (1/2) x (1/2) x (1/2)
= 1/64
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Note: The complete question would be as bellow,
what proportion of the f2 are expected to be ttrrgg ? (hint: consider the probability of obtaining each genotype for the three genes separately and then use the product law.)
Which chemical compound makes up the greatest percentage of a protozoan?
A) nucleic acid B) glucose C) fatty acid D) wate
Option C is Correct. The majority of a protozoan's chemical composition is composed of fatty acids. Glycerol and fatty acid molecules make up the macromolecules known as fats.
An ester bond, created by a dehydration event, connects the molecules of glycerol with fatty acids. GIARDIASIS. The protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia colonizes the upper sections of the small intestine and is also referred to as G. duodenalis (see comments on taxonomy for more information).
It is the most typical protozoan isolated from human faeces, and it is distributed all over the world. Organic, or having carbon, describes biological macromolecules. They might also include tiny amounts of oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
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Which of the following parasites has the egg as the infective stage of the parasite for humans?
A. Enterobius vermicularis
B. Taenia solium
C. Trypanosoma cruzi
D. Schistosoma mansoni
The egg is the stage of a parasite that is infectious to humans in Enterobius vermicularis.
When a parasite is in the infective stage, it can enter its host and carry out the rest of its developmental processes there. In terms of parasitology, infection is characterised as an endoparasite's invasion of a body followed by an immunological response from the host. Eggs from markets have been shown to contain a number of worm parasites. The most often reported nematode is Ascaridia galli, which lives in the intestines. Moreover, oviduct flukes (Prosthogonimus spp.), tapeworms (Cestoda), and cecal worms (Heterakis spp.) have been found in eggs. Protozoa, helminths, & ectoparasites are the three main groups of parasites that really can harm humans.
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A rise in automobile traffic by commuters causes an increase in
photochemical smog in a city. City planners are looking into improving the
city's bus system to help reduce the amount of automobile exhaust produced
by people who commute. One person states, "The bus system will be
expensive to develop, but it will improve the overall health of our city's human
population." Which of the following does this statement represent?
A. A risk assessment
B. A cost-benefit analysis
C. An epidemiological study
OD. A dose-response analysis
The statement "The bus system will be expensive to develop, but it will improve the overall health of our city's human population" represents a cost-benefit analysis.
What is a cost-benefit analysis?A cost-benefit analysis involves weighing the costs and benefits of a particular course of action. In this case, the cost of developing the city's bus system is weighed against the benefits of reducing automobile exhaust and improving the overall health of the city's human population.
The analysis of the cost of improving the city's transport systems against the benefits is a cost-benefit analysis.
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Answer:
B. A cost-benefit analysis
Explanation:
Above answer is correct, thank you so much!
What are the 22 bones of the skull
The 22 bones of the skull are: Frontal bone, Parietal bones (2), Temporal bones (2), Occipital bone, Sphenoid bone, Ethmoid bone, Nasal bones (2), Lacrimal bones (2), Zygomatic bones (2), Maxillae bones (2), Palatine bones (2), Inferior nasal conchae (2), Vomer bone.
These bones are responsible for protecting the brain, supporting the face, and housing the sensory organs. Bones, also known as osteology, it is a field that explores the anatomy, structure, and function of bones in the human body, as well as in other animals.
Osteology encompasses a wide range of topics, including the skeletal system, bone growth and development, bone biomechanics, bone diseases and disorders, and forensic anthropology, among others. It is an interdisciplinary field that draws upon knowledge from biology, anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, and other related fields.
One key area of study in osteology is the identification and analysis of skeletal remains, which can provide important information about the health, lifestyle, and demographic characteristics of individuals or populations from the past. For example, the study of bones can reveal information about age, sex, stature, and even certain diseases or injuries.
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how many calories in a chocolate covered strawberry
A calorie is a measurement used to find the amount of energy an individual gets from food. About 34 calories are present in a chocolate-covered strawberry.
The measurement used to quantify the amount of energy in food is the calorie. It is a measure of energy that is required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.
It is mentioned on some nutrition labels that there are about 170 calories present in about 5 chocolate-covered strawberries. This calorie is broken down into 75% (14.84g) of fat, 23% (10.4g) of carbs, and 2% (0.73g) of protein.
Then, a single chocolate-covered strawberry contains about,
[tex]\begin{aligned}\text{5 strawberries}&=\mathrm{170\;calories}\\\text{1 strawberry}&=\frac{\mathrm{170\;calories}}{5}\\&=\mathrm{34\;calories}\end{aligned}[/tex]
The required answer is 34 calories.
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At which interval are humidified oxygen systems replaced to prevent infection?
A: 1 day
B: 3 days
C: 5 days
D: 7 days
Answer:
1 day
Explanation:
Humidifier oxygen delivery needs to be changed out daily to prevent infection.
Humidifier oxygen delivery needs to be changed out daily to prevent infection.
What is Humidified oxygen?In order to lessen symptoms of dryness in the upper airways, oxygen might be humidified. Although the benefits of humidifying low-flow oxygen administered using nasal cannulae have not been clearly shown, this may be significant in high-flow oxygen therapy.
Although some local guidelines encourage its use, UK national guidance does not. No matter the flow rate, oxygen is frequently humidified in several nations, including China and Japan.
The purpose of this review was to explain how well humidifying low-flow oxygen works.
Therefore, Humidifier oxygen delivery needs to be changed out daily to prevent infection.
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The thymus functions strictly in maturation of B cells. T or F.
Answer: true
Explanation: The thymus functions strictly in maturation of B cells
this muscle originates on the zygomatic arch and inserts at the angle and ramus of the mandible. it is responsible for closing the jaw.
Masseter muscle originates on the zygomatic arch and inserts at the angle and ramus of the mandible. it is responsible for closing the jaw.
What is zygomatic?
A pair of bones in the human skull called the zygomatic bone, commonly referred to as the cheekbone, creates the prominence of the cheek. It is situated above the maxilla (upper jaw), the temporal bone, and the orbit, which lies below (side of the skull).
The zygomatic arch, which connects the temporal bone to the maxilla and creates the lateral border of the temporal fossa, is one of the components of the zygomatic bone (a depression on the side of the skull). The zygomatic bone, which supports the cheeks and aids in defining the contour of the face, is a key component of facial anatomy.
The masseter muscle is the one you're referring to. It is one of the primary chewing muscles and lifts the mandible (lower jaw) to allow the mouth to close. The masseter muscle attaches to the angle and ramus (vertical section) of the mandible after originating from the zygomatic arch (cheekbone).
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what is the genotype of person a in the pedigree (genotype)?
Genotype of person A in the pedigree (genotype) A with phenotype rr (homozygous recessive) is inability to roll the tongue.
The ability to roll one's tongue is a genetic trait governed by a single gene with two alleles, one dominant and one recessive. The dominant allele (R) creates a functional protein that allows tongue rolling, whereas the recessive allele (r) creates a non-functional protein that prevents tongue rolling.
Individuals who are homozygous recessive for this trait (rr) do not produce the protein required for tongue rolling and thus cannot roll their tongue. This is referred to as a recessive trait because it is only manifested when a person inherits two copies of the recessive allele (one from each parent).
Individuals with this trait who are heterozygous (Rr) have one dominant allele and one recessive allele. They produce enough protein to allow tongue rolling, so they can roll their tongue. They do, however, carry a copy of the recessive allele and can pass it on to their children.
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Correct form of question would be:
what is the genotype of person A in the pedigree (genotype)?
Click on image tab for pedigree chart
Protein synthesis in eukaryotes is similar to the process in prokaryotes in that both eukaryotes and prokaryotesA) have intronsB) use codons to determine polypeptide sequencesC) have exonsD) use methionine as the "start" amino acidE) require snRNPS
A couple of parts of protein combination are less mind-boggling in eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, mRNA is polycistronic and may convey a few qualities that are meant to give a few proteins. The correct answer is (B).
In eukaryotes, every mRNA is monocistronic and conveys just a solitary quality, which is converted into a solitary protein.
In the two prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the record happens in three fundamental stages: commencement, prolongation, and end.
The Instrument of Protein Amalgamation. Similarly, as with mRNA amalgamation, protein combination can be partitioned into three stages: commencement, prolongation, and end. The course of interpretation is comparative in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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How are traits inherited through multiple alleles?
Multiple alleles are inherited from half of our genes from mother, & the other half from father, An excellent example of multiple allele inheritance is human blood type. Blood type exists as four possible phenotypes A, B, AB, & O.
In general , Multiple allelism, takes place when more than two gene forms exist for the same locus. Example includes, if one allele of the gene producing height can be tall, while the other allele can be dwarf. this indicates that given genes contains, three or more alleles in the population.
Hence, the best and popular example of multiple alleles in humans is the ABO blood groups, as discussed in the Non-Mendelian Inheritance concept. Also other human traits characterized by multiple alleles would includes hair color, hair texture, eye color.
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Why would tertiary consumers have the highest concentrations of toxins?
Answer: Because the amount of non-biodegradable toxic substances accumulated within an organism's body increases higher up the food chain, or as we go higher up the trophic levels.
Explanation:
Plants that produce two types of spores are known as
What is the difference between hawks and eagles?
Answer:
Explanation:
Eagles are much larger than hawks, and have longer wingspans. Hawks have a similar appearance, but if you look carefully, you will notice that the wings of hawks tend to be more rounded, and they have short, broad, rounded tails and a stocky build
the animals on the farm worked hard. what was their consolation?
It is not specified in the given sentence what the consolation of the animals on the farm was. The sentence only states that the animals worked hard.
But does not provide any information about their reward or consolation for their hard work. It is possible that the animals received some form of reward, such as food or rest, for their hard work, but this cannot be determined from the given sentence alone.The original sentence states that the animals on the farm worked hard, but it does not provide any information about their consolation or reward for their efforts. It is possible that the animals received some form of reward or consolation for their hard work, but this cannot be determined from the given sentence alone.In literature, the concept of consolation is often associated with comfort, solace, or relief from grief or hardship. It is possible that the animals on the farm received some form of comfort or relief from their hardships, but this is not mentioned in the sentence.Without additional context or information, it is impossible to determine what the consolation of the animals on the farm was, if they received any at all.
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Synaptic communication between two neurons usually occurs via ____.a.direct contactb.molecular transductionc.chemical messengersd.electrical signaling
Option c is Correct. Synaptic communication among the two neurons usually occurs at chemical messengers. Neuromuscular junctions are synaptic connections between muscle cells and neurons.
The electrical "action potentials" and chemical neurotransmitters used by neurons to interact with one another. A chemical neurotransmitter is released by neuron A as a result of an action potential at the connection (synapse) between the two neurons.
Synapses are microscopic openings where communication between neurons takes place. Here, specific sections of the two cells (presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons) are brought close enough to one another to allow for chemical transfer. The synapse, also known as the neuronal junction, is the location where nerve impulses are sent between two nerve cells (neurons) or between a neuron and a gland or muscle cell (effector).
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Correct Question:
Synaptic communication between two neurons usually occurs via ____.
a. direct contact
b. molecular transduction
c. chemical messengers
d. electrical signaling.
which term best describes the water combined with powder to make lemonade?
Solvent is the term that best describes the water combined with powder to make lemonade.
Lemonade is a solution made up by combining two components- water and a solute (powder here). Generally, a solution has two main components made up by solute and solvent. While powder is the solute here, water is the solvent. The component is larger quantity is the solvent, whereas the one with comparatively lesser quantity is a solute. Moreover, a solute is often a solid form, while solvent is generally a liquid.
The solutions are homogenous mixtures of two or more substances. Homogenous mixtures are the ones that have no residual substances settled or set free in it. The individual components of such mixtures cannot be seperated using the physical methods. They can either be seperated chemically. The particles of such solutions cannot be seen physically but can only be considered under a microscope.
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which of the main structures of a neuron releases the signals used to communicate with other neurons or cells?
The main structures of a neuron releases the signals used to communicate with other neurons or cells is (4). terminal buttons correct option.
The signal is sent to neighboring neurons through the terminal buttons, which are found at the end of the neuron. The terminal button has a synapse a gap at the end. Signals are sent from one neuron to another through neurotransmitters.
The foundation of the nervous system are neurons. They communicate with various body parts by both receiving and sending signals. This is done through both electrical and physical means. The transfer of information is facilitated by a variety of distinct types of neurons.
The sensory neurons transmit data to the brain from the sense receptor cells dispersed throughout the body. In contrast, motor neurons are responsible for sending information from the brain to the muscles. Information is passed between various neurons in the body by interneurons.
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Full question : Which of the main structures of a neuron releases the signals used to communicate with other neurons or cells?
1. the synapse
2. 100 billion
3. soma
4. terminal buttons
How do you know if its anterior or posterior?
Anterior refers to the front side of the body ,which is front of uterus
Posterior refers to the back side of the body ,which is closest to your spine.
The terms "anterior" and "posterior" are used to describe the position of a structure relative to the front or back of the body, respectively.
One way to determine whether a structure is anterior or posterior is to consider its position relative to other structures or landmarks in the body. For example, the nose is located on the anterior (front) surface of the head, while the spine is located on the posterior (back) surface.
Another way to determine whether a structure is anterior or posterior is to consider its function or relationship to other structures. For example, the anterior (front) portion of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to the body, while the posterior (back) portion of the heart receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs.
In general, it is important to have a good understanding of anatomical terminology and to use consistent anatomical landmarks when describing the position of structures in the body.
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what is the name of the stored energy molecule our cells and bodies need?
The energy used and stored by cells comes from adenosine triphosphate (ATP). A nitrogenous base, ribose sugar, and three serially linked phosphate groups make up the nucleoside triphosphate structure of ATP.
Cells need chemical energy to do three broad types of tasks: to drive metabolic events that would not happen naturally; to transport necessary molecules across membranes; and to perform mechanical labour, such as moving muscles. Chemical energy cannot be stored by ATP; lipids and carbohydrates such as glycogen are better at doing so. Energy is transformed from storage molecules into ATP when the cell needs it. ATP transports energy to areas of the cell where energy-intensive processes are occurring.
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what’s the size of the smallest object that can be resolved by a visible-light (use green) microscope?
The smallest object that a visible-light microscope can discern using green light is around 200 nanometers in size.
The diffraction limit, which is governed by the wavelength of light employed and the numerical aperture (NA) of the lens system, determines the smallest object that can be resolved by a visible-light microscope.
Green light has a wavelength of roughly 550 nanometers (nm), or 0.55 micrometres (m) in visible light. The potential resolution limit for a green-light microscope is around 200 nanometers, or 0.2 micrometres, assuming a high-quality lens with a NA of 1.4.
This indicates that the smallest object that a visible-light microscope can discern using green light is around 200 nanometers in size. In practise, however, other factors such as lens aberrations and sample preparation might alter a microscope's true resolution. As a result, reaching the diffraction limit of resolution is not always feasible.
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Which level of biodiversity may still be reduced after a species recovers from a threat to its survival?
a. ecosystem diversity
b. genetic diversity
c. population diversity
d. species diversity
A species' genetic diversity still may decline even after it has overcome a threat towards its survival.
Through the mutations that occur over several generations, genetic variety will only gradually be restored. Because of this, a species in danger of extinction may still be at risk even after its population number has increased. An ecosystem's productivity (the quantity of food energy turned into biomass) and the quality of its services both decline when biodiversity declines (which often include maintaining the soil, purifying water that runs through it, and supplying food and shade, etc.). Three levels that diversity are frequently mentioned in scientific discourse: species, genetic, or ecosystem diversity. In actuality, these levels are inseparable. Each has a significant role in the interactions and influences of others.
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the cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds plant cells. the materials found in the cell wall protect the plant cells and give plants structural support. what conclusion can be made given the above information?
The structure of a cell organelle is directly related to its function.
What are the functions of a cell organelle?An organelle is a subcellular structure that has one or more specific functions in a cell, such as an organelle in the body. The most important cellular organelles are the nuclei, which preserve genetic information; mitochondria that produce chemical energy.
The most important organelles and cellular structures in the cytoplasm are: nucleus, nucleolus, ribosome, vesicle, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytoskeleton, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion, vacuole, cytosol, lysosome, centriole.
Animal cell organelles include the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, and vacuoles. Ribosomes are not membrane-enclosed, but are still commonly referred to as organelles in eukaryotic cells.
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How many chromatids and how many strands of DNA are present in paired homologous chromosomes? A. 4 chromatids and 8 strands of DNA B. 8 chromatids and 8 strands of DNA C. 4 chromatids and 2 strands of DNA D. 12 chromatids and 12 strands of DNA E. 6 chromatids and 12 strands of DNA
Paired homologous chromosomes consist of two chromatids, each of which has a single DNA strand. Paired homologous chromosomes have 4 chromatids and 2 DNA strands. Here option C is the correct answer.
However, since each chromatid contains a single DNA strand, the total number of DNA strands in paired homologous chromosomes is 4 as well.
Option A, which suggests that paired homologous chromosomes contain 8 DNA strands, is incorrect. Similarly, option B, which suggests that paired homologous chromosomes contain 8 chromatids and 8 DNA strands, is also incorrect.
Option D, which suggests that paired homologous chromosomes contain 12 chromatids and 12 DNA strands, is incorrect as well. Option E, which suggests that paired homologous chromosomes contain 6 chromatids and 12 DNA strands, is also incorrect. Therefore, the total number of chromatids in paired homologous chromosomes is 4.
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phosphatases remove phosphate groups from activated intracellular enzymes; this produces phosphate ions (true or false)
True. Phosphatases create phosphate ions when they remove phosphate groups from intracellular enzymes that have been activated.
An enzyme called a phosphatase takes a protein's phosphate group out. As these two groups of enzymes work together, the proteins in a cell's activities are modulated, frequently in reaction to outside stimuli. Phosphatases, for instance, remove phosphate groups by hydrolyzing monoesters of phosphoric acid into phosphate ions and molecules containing free hydroxyl (OH) groups.
By hydrolyzing phosphoric acid monoesters into a phosphate ion and a molecule with a free hydroxyl group, phosphatase is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate. Dephosphorylation in biochemistry refers to the hydrolysis process used to remove a phosphate (PO43) group from an organic molecule.
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