When heated, ammonium nitrate decomposes explosively according to the balancing equation: 2 NH₄NO₃(s) + 2 N₂(g) + 4 H₂O(g) Calculate the total volume of gas generated by the full breakdown of 1.55 kg of ammonium nitrate (at 125 °C and 748 mmHg).
Does [tex]NH_{4} NO_{3}[/tex] produce [tex]NO_{2}[/tex] when heated?When ammonium nitrate is heated, it produces nitrous oxide and water molecules. When ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) is heated, it produces nitrous oxide (N₂O) and water (H₂O).
Endothermic dissolution of ammonium nitrate in water occurs because more energy is consumed to separate the ions in the solid than is created when the ions establish new connections with water molecules.
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How many moles exist in 6.035 x 10^25 atoms of boron?
Please help
To determine the number of moles of boron in 6.035 x 10^25 atoms of boron, we need to use Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 x 10^23 particles per mole. We can set up a proportion to solve for the number of moles:
(6.035 x 10^25 atoms) / (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol) = x moles
Simplifying the expression on the left side, we get:
x = (6.035 / 6.022) x (10^25 / 10^23) moles
x = 1.002 moles
Therefore, there are 1.002 moles of boron in 6.035 x 10^25 atoms of boron.
How many oxygen atoms are in 225 g 02?
A 225-gram a sample of oxygen contains 84.684375 X 1023 atoms of oxygen.
What do you mean by oxygen, O2?One oxygen atom, designated O. Two molecules of oxygen combine to form the molecule O2. Our bodies have developed to breathe O2, which is the main component of our atmosphere.
Why is oxygen abbreviated O2?Because each molecule is made up of two atoms of oxygen fused together, its formula is written as O2.
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GaAsO4 what is the ionic compound name
The ionic compound name of GaAsO4 is gallium arsenate.
Is gallium arsenate covalent or ionic?By moving three electrons from gallium to arsenic, gallium arsenide (GaAs) might be created as an insulator, however this does not happen. Gallium arsenide is a covalent semiconductor, hence the bonding is more strong sphalerite crystals in this shape are referred to as zinc blende or cubic sphalerite.
Any substance contains ions?Examples of ionic compounds include salts, oxides, hydroxides, sulphides, and the bulk of inorganic substances.. The electrostatic interaction between the positive and negative ions holds ionic solids together. As an illustration, sodium ions draw chloride ions, and chloride ions draw sodium ions.
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Which term is best used to classify sodium chloride mixed in water (salt water) at room temperature?
The term that best classifies sodium chloride mixed in water at room temperature is a homogeneous mixture or solution.
~~~Harsha~~~
Answer:
It is homogeneous
Explanation:
CHEMISTRY IN INDUSTRY, HEALTH, FOOD, LIFE, and the ENVIRONMENT
This assignment gives us an opportunity for us to engage and continue to dialogue with one another. We will explore the role of chemistry in our everyday life, as it pertains to industry, health, and the environment. Chemistry can help us to understand, monitor, protect, and improve the environment around us. Chemists use analytical tools and techniques to assess and measure air and water pollution due to environmental chemicals. This has helped to build the evidence that shows how our climate has changed over time. In drug and food development chemistry has a major cornerstone to foster the treatment of illnesses and wellness and to foster the availability of food.
Have a look at the following two Figures attached and use the periodic table of elements and natures in addition to your own research and reflect on how you see the chemistry and its application. Your task, select an aspect that is of interest to you and write a short reflection on how you currently perceive chemistry,
Food, clothing, shelter, health, energy, and clean air, water, and soil are all dependent on chemistry. Chemical technologies improve our quality of life in a variety of ways by solving problems in health, materials, and energy utilization.
Chemistry in everyday lifeChemistry is important in the development of technological solutions. Chemists contribute to lower transportation emissions in a variety of ways, from generating cleaner fuels (such as low sulfur fuels) to enhancing engine efficiency.Environmental chemistry examples include: Counting the amount of pollutants in a sample of water or soil. Using chemistry knowledge to offer alternative ecologically acceptable compounds for usage in products. Creating chemicals with functionalities that replace poisons.For more information on chemistry in everyday life kindly visit to
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Do you think there would be any difference in conductivity between a solution, a solution 10x more concentrated, and a solution 10x less concentrated?
Diluting a solution increases the amount of ions in the solution and gives them more room to move about, which increases the mobility of the ions and raises the molar conductivity in the solution at the same time.
What is a remedy?A solute dissolving agent, used to create homogenous mixtures. To create a homogenous mixture, a solute must dissolve in a solvent.Although solutions of both solids and gases are possible, the term "solution" is most frequently used to refer to the liquid condition of matter.
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when 1.24g of an oxygenated hydrocarbon is burned in excess oxygen, 1.76g of carbon dioxide and 1.08g of water vapor are obtained. what is the empirical formula of the compound?
The empirical formula of the oxygenated hydrocarbon is CH2O.
To find the empirical formula of the oxygenated hydrocarbonWe need to determine the mole ratios of the elements present in the compound using the given masses and the molar masses of the elements.
First, we need to find the moles of carbon dioxide and water vapor produced in the reaction:
moles of CO2 = 1.76 g / 44.01 g/mol = 0.0400 mol CO2
moles of H2O = 1.08 g / 18.02 g/mol = 0.0599 mol H2O
Next, we need to find the moles of carbon and hydrogen in the compound. We can do this by using the masses of carbon dioxide and water vapor produced, the molar masses of the elements, and the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of hydrocarbons:
CxHyOz + (x + y/4 - z/2) O2 -> x CO2 + (y/2) H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that the mole ratio of carbon to carbon dioxide is 1:1, and the mole ratio of hydrogen to water vapor is (1/2):(1/2) or 1:1. Therefore:
moles of C = moles of CO2 = 0.0400 mol CO2
moles of H = 2 × moles of H2O = 0.1198 mol H2O
Finally, we can find the mole ratio of carbon to hydrogen in the compound:
mol ratio of C to H = (moles of C) / (moles of H) = 0.0400 mol CO2 / 0.1198 mol H2O ≈ 0.334
To get whole numbers for the mole ratio, we can multiply both sides by a common factor, such as 3:
mol ratio of C to H ≈ 0.334 ≈ 1/3
mol ratio of C to H = 1
mol ratio of O to H = (moles of O) / (moles of H) = (moles of CxHyOz - moles of C - moles of H) / (moles of H) = (0.0400 mol CO2 + 0.0599 mol H2O - 0.0400 mol C - 0.1198 mol H) / 0.1198 mol H = 0.213
To get whole numbers for the mole ratio, we can multiply both sides by a common factor, such as 5:
mol ratio of O to H ≈ 0.213 ≈ 2/9
mol ratio of O to H = 2
Therefore, the empirical formula of the oxygenated hydrocarbon is CH2O.
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cl-+peg=hcl+peg rate law, rate constant k
a. The rate law for this reaction is: Rate = k[Cl] [H₂]. This means that the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentrations of both Cl and H₂ molecules.
What is rate law?Rate law is an equation that describes the rate of a chemical reaction as a function of the concentrations of reactants. The rate law allows us to describe how the rate of a reaction changes when the concentrations of reactants are changed. It is derived from the rate equation, which is a mathematical expression that can be used to calculate the rate of a reaction from the concentrations of the reactants and the rate constant.
b. The rate law for this reaction is: Rate = k[O] [Os]. This means that the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentrations of both O and Os molecules.
c. The rate law for this reaction is: Rate = k[NO₂]₂. This means that the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the square of the concentration of NO₂ molecules.
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Complete Question:
In the chemical reaction below, how many grams of KCN will react with 8.55g of H2SO4?
In this reaction, 8.55 grammes and 11.34 grammes of KCN will react.KCN's molar mass, 65.12 g/mol, is equal to its molecular mass, or mass of KCN, which is equal to 0.1744 mol.
What best sums up a reaction?Something that occurs in response to another event is called a reaction. A reaction is an procedure where any number of compounds are changed into other substances in science. This occurs when chemical bonds are broken & new ones are formed.
What does the word "reaction" mean in practise?They responded favourably to the news. He expressed disbelief when I first informed him what had transpired. Most attendees at the conference reacted to the announcement with anger or shock. When I initially met him, I didn't believe he was trustworthy.
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What is the volume of a 3.00 M solution made with 4.70 moles of LIF?
Consequently, 1.57 litres is the volume of a 3.00 M solution prepared using 4.70 moles of LIF.
Why is 1.5 M solution important?Probably the most often used unit of measurement for solution concentration is molarity, abbreviated as (M). The ratio of the number of litres of solution to the number of moles of solvent is known as molarity. For instance, we may use the terms "1.5 molar solution" or "1.5 M" to describe a solution.
To calculate the volume of a 3.00 M solution made with 4.70 moles of LIF, we can use the formula:
Molarity is equal to the moles of solute times the litres of solution.
Rearranging the formula to solve for the volume of the solution, we get:
Volume of solution = moles of solute ÷ (Molarity x 1000)
Where 1000 is the conversion factor from milliliters to liters.
Plugging in the values given, we get:
Volume of solution = 4.70 moles ÷ (3.00 mol/L x 1000)
Volume of solution = 1.57 L
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Question 4 (1 point)
Members of the alkaline earth elements have several things in common.
They are metalloids with two valence electrons.
metals that are not very reactive.
nonmetals and are nonreactive.
metals with two valence electrons.
Answer:
Explanation:
Alkaline earth elements are a group of six chemical elements in group 2 of the periodic table. They are beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra). These elements have very similar properties: they are all shiny, silvery-white, somewhat reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure.
The correct statement about alkaline earth elements is that they are metals with two valence electrons. They readily lose these two electrons to form cations with a charge of +21.
Determine the boiling point of a solution prepared by dissolving 119 g ethanol (CH3CH2OH) in 425 g water.
1c. A car drives 464 km in 4 hours. What is its average speed in kilometers per hour? Please SHOW YOUR WORK and INCLUDE UNITS!
Looking for km/hr
The car's average speed is 116 kilometers per hour.
The entire distance traveled divided by the total time elapsed is the definition of average speed. It is typically stated in terms of the amount of time or distance per unit, such as meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/hr).
Average speed = total distance ÷ total time
In this case, the total distance is 464 km and the total time is 4 hours.
Average speed = 464 km ÷ 4 hours
Average speed = 116 km/hr
Therefore, the car's average speed is 116 kilometers per hour.
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How many grams of NO will be produced, if 18.93g of H2O are also produced in the reaction below?
If 18.93g of H₂O are also produced in the reaction, then 21.04 grams of NO will be produced.
What is meant by reaction?Reaction is such a process that involves transformation of one or more substances into a new substances.
Assuming NH₃ is limiting reagent, let's calculate the amount of NH₃ from the given mass of H₂O produced:
Molar mass of H₂O is 18.015 g/mol;
So, 18.93 g H₂O ÷18.015 g/mol H2O= 1.0515 mol H₂O
As the mole ratio of NH₃ to H2O is 4:6, we can calculate the number of moles of NH₃ :
1.0515 mol H₂O × (4 mol NH₃ / 6 mol H₂O) = 0.701 mol NH₃
0.701 mol NH₃ × (4 mol NO / 4 mol NH₃ ) = 0.701 mol NO
0.701 mol NO × 30.01 g/mol NO = 21.04 g NO
Therefore, 21.04 grams of NO will be produced.
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What is the mass of a 0.230 mole sample of potassium metal?
Answer:
Explanation:
0.25 moles KCl = 19g KCl (molar mass KCl = 74.6g)
Explain how a raccoon is helping the environment when it eats the fruit of a plant.
a
The raccoon is getting energy from the fruit.
b
The raccoon is helping to spread the seeds of the plant.
c
The raccoon is cleaning up fruit that would pollute the ground.
d
The raccoon is preventing the reproduction of the plant by eating the fruit.
choice b is the right response. When the raccoon consumes the fruit, it aids in the dispersal of the plant's seeds.
The seeds that the raccoon consumes along with the fruit move through its digestive tract and are eventually eliminated in the raccoon's feces.
When the feces are left behind, they can act as a source of nutrition for the seeds, promoting their growth and allowing new plants to take root. The plant's chances of reproducing and sustaining a healthy population are increased thanks to the raccoon's assistance in dispersing the seeds.
A raccoon consumes both the fruit's seeds and the fruit itself when it consumes a plant's fruit. The seeds are subsequently digested by the raccoon, which is beneficial for the seeds since it breaks down the tough seed coatings and supplies nutrients that aid in the growth of the seed. The raccoon finally excretes the seeds in its feces, which are then dumped in other parts of the habitat.
Plants need this mechanism of seed dispersal because it promotes genetic variation and can result in the formation of new plant populations in various locations.
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What type of nuclear decay is shown by the reaction below?
239U → He + 234 Th
90
O A. Alpha
O B. Gamma
O C. Fusion
O D. Beta
Radioactive decay of alpha. When a nucleus undergoes alpha decay, it changes into a separate nucleus and emits an alpha particle in the process.
How does plutonium 239 form from uranium 238?These two beta decays are sufficient to transform a uranium atom into a plutonium atom since each beta decay converts a neutron into a proton. Consequently, a single atom of uranium-238 that absorbs a single neutron and is left alone over a period of time sufficient for it to experience two beta decays (a few weeks or so) will transform into a single atom of pu-239.
Does the fission of plutonium-239 decay?Over 100 radioisotopes with half-lives ranging from fractions of a second to millions of years are created when plutonium-239 or uranium-235 are fissioned. By neutron absorption in the fuel or surrounding materials, more radioisotopes are created.
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Using the following equation:
4NH3 +502 --> 4NO + 6H₂O
How many grams of oxygen gas (0₂) are needed to react with 85 grams of ammonia
(NH3)?
Answer: 199.68 grams of oxygen gas (O2) are needed to react with 85 grams of ammonia (NH3).
Explanation: The equilibrium chemical equation is as follows:
The chemical equation expressed as 4NH3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H2O is a representation of a chemical reaction that describes the reaction between four molecules of ammonia and five molecules of oxygen to yield four molecules of nitrogen monoxide and six molecules of water.
The stoichiometric analysis indicates that the reaction between oxygen and ammonia necessitates five moles of the former to react with four moles of the latter.
The present ratio can be employed for the computation of the requisite quantity of O2 necessary for the reaction with 85 grams of NH3, in the ensuing manner:
Determine the quantity of moles of NH3.
The molar mass of ammonia (NH3) can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of its constituent elements. The atomic mass of nitrogen (N) is 14.01 g/mol, and the atomic mass of hydrogen (H) is 1.01 g/mol. Therefore, the molar mass of NH3 is determined by adding the atomic mass of N to three times the atomic mass of H. Mathematically, the molar mass of NH3 is expressed as 14.01 g/mol + 3(1.01 g/mol), which yields a value of 17.04 g/mol.
The quantity of NH3 in moles can be determined by dividing the mass of NH3 by its corresponding molar mass, according to the fundamental principle of stoichiometry.
The number of moles of NH3 can be determined as 85 grams divided by the molar mass of NH3, which is 17.04 grams per mole.
The calculated value of the quantity represented by "moles of NH3" has been determined to be 4.99 mol, with insignificance beyond two decimal places due to rounding.
Determine the quantity of moles of O2 necessary.
The number of moles of O2 present is equivalent to five-fourths of the moles of NH3.
The amount of oxygen, represented by the unit of moles, can be mathematically expressed as (5/4) multiplied by 4.99 mol.
The quantity of oxygen, expressed in terms of moles, corresponds to 6.24 mol.
The conversion of moles of O2 to grams can be made by utilizing the molar mass of O2, which is 32 g/mol. This entails multiplying the given number of moles by the molar mass in order to obtain the corresponding mass in grams.
The molar mass of O2 was determined to be 32.00 g/mol, which was derived by multiplying 2 with the molar mass of oxygen, 16.00 g/mol.
The computation of the mass of O2 is achieved by multiplying the number of moles of O2 by the molar mass of O2.
The expression denoting the quantity of molecular oxygen, where mass is represented as a product of 6.24 moles and a molecular weight of 32.00 grams per mole, can be expressed in a manner consistent with academic writing.
The mass of O2 is 199.68 g.
1. Using a graduated cylinder, measure out 50 mL water (H2O) and pour it in a 100 mL beaker 2. Using a balance, measure out 5 g of glucose (C6H12O6) 3. Pour the 5 g of glucose into the 50 mL of water 4. Stir the contents of the beaker using a glass rod 5. Using tweezers, count out 15 pieces of iron (Fe) filings 6. Add the iron filings to the beaker 7. Stir the contents of the beaker using a glass rod During which step(s) was the student handling a pure substance? Responses A Steps 1 and 3Steps 1 and 3 B Step 4 onlyStep 4 only C Steps 1, 2, and 5Steps 1, 2, and 5 D Steps 6 and 7Steps 6 and 7
The step during which the student handling pure substance is : B.) Step 4 only.
During which step was the student handling pure substance?In step 4, student added 5 grams of glucose to 50 mL of water, which is a pure substance. Glucose is a compound with the chemical formula C₆H₁₂O₆, and it is a pure substance because it consists of only one type of molecule.
In steps 1, 2, and 5, student was handling water, glucose, and iron filings respectively, but these are not pure substances in those steps because they are mixed with other substances or impurities.
In steps 6 and 7, the student added iron filings to beaker and stirred the mixture, but iron filings are not pure substance either because they may contain impurities or other metals in addition to iron.
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What is the molar solubility, S, of AgC, H; 02 if Ksp = 2.00 × 10-3?
The molar solubility of AgC, H; 02 is 0.0447 mol/L..
What is Molar Solubility?
Molar solubility refers to the maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature to form a saturated solution, usually expressed in moles per liter (mol/L or M). It is a measure of the solubility of a compound under specific conditions, such as temperature and pressure.
Molar solubility is an important parameter in chemistry and is often used to describe the solubility behavior of ionic compounds, salts, and other substances in various solvents.
Ksp = [tex]S^{2}[/tex]
Substituting the given value of Ksp, we get:
2.00 × [tex]10^{-3}[/tex] =[tex]S^{2}[/tex]
Taking the square root of both sides, we get:
S = √(2.00 × [tex]10^{-3}[/tex])
S = 0.0447 mol/L (rounded to four significant figures)
Therefore, the molar solubility of AgC, H; 02 is 0.0447 mol/L.
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0.0447 mol/L is the molar solubility, S, of AgC, H; 02 if Ksp = 2.00 × 10-3
Explain equilibrium constant.
A dynamic chemical system approaches chemical equilibrium when enough time has passed and its composition no longer exhibits any discernible propensity to change further. The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium.
The maximum number of moles of a solute that can be dissolved in a liter of solution before the solution becomes saturated is its molar solubility. Because of the relationship between the molar solubility and the solubility product, one can use the other to determine the other.
Ksp = S^2
2.00 ×10^-3 = S^2
S = √(2.00 × )
S = 0.0447 mol/L
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For the reaction A+2B→C 5 moles of A and 8 moles of B produce
Determine the freezing point of an aqueous solution that is 0.24 m in sucrose.
Please tell me the reagent
Alkene is transformed to alcohol via the oxymercuration-demercuration reaction. The reagent employed in this reaction is mercury (II) acetate in tetrahydrofuran, which also serves as the solvent.
Oxymercuation-demercuration The result of 2-methyl-2-butene oxymercuration-demercuration is 2-methyl-2-butanol.Oxymercuration-demercuration is the electrophilic activation of an alkene by a mercuric acetate group. It is then followed by the addition of water and, finally, reductive demercuration by sodium borohydride.In the first step, an electrophilic HgOAc+ ion is added to the double bond, yielding mercurinium ion.In the second stage, the species combines with a nucleophilic water molecule. A bonding of a HgOAc group and an OH group arises on the nearby carbon atoms as a result of this nucleophilic attack.The final product involves the Markovnikov addition reaction.For more information on Oxymercuation-demercuration kindly visit to
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How much heat, in kJ, is required to melt 13.3 g of ice at 0°C in water at 0°C if ΔHfus for water = 6.01 kJ/mol?
The amount of heat required to melt 13.3 g of ice at 0°C in water at 0°C is approximately 4.43 kJ.
What is Heat?
Heat is a form of energy that is transferred between objects or systems as a result of a temperature difference. It is a form of energy associated with the motion of particles, such as atoms and molecules, within a substance. Heat energy is responsible for changing the temperature of a substance or causing phase transitions, such as melting, boiling, or condensing.
Given:
Mass of ice (m) = 13.3 g
ΔHfus for water = 6.01 kJ/mol
First, we need to convert the mass of ice from grams to moles, using the molar mass of water. The molar mass of water (H2O) is:
2(atomic mass of hydrogen) + atomic mass of oxygen
= 2(1.008 g/mol) + 15.999 g/mol
= 18.015 g/mol
So, moles of ice (n) = mass of ice (m) / molar mass of water
= 13.3 g / 18.015 g/mol
= 0.7386 mol
Now, we can use the formula to calculate the heat required:
Q = m * ΔHfus
= 0.7386 mol * 6.01 kJ/mol
= 4.43 kJ (rounded to two decimal places)
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Using the following reaction, determine the theoretical yield of Acetylsalicylic acid if given 2.31 grams of salicylic acid? (reminder, salicylic acid is the limiting reagent)
The theoretical yield of Acetylsalicylic acid is found out to be: 3.01 grams.
What is limiting reagent?The limiting reagent is a substance that prevents a chemical reaction from occurring completely.
When a limiting reagent is used in a chemical reaction, the atoms, molecules, or ions of the other reactant that it (the limiting reagent) reacts with will either stay free or unreacted.
What is acid?Popular compounds called acids and bases interact with one another to create salt and water. The Latin word "acere," which meaning "sour," is where the term "acid" originates.
According to the problem, we have 2.31 grams of salicylic acid. We need to determine the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid.
The molar mass of salicylic acid is 138.12 g/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of salicylic acid we have is:
n = mass / molar mass
n = 2.31 g / 138.12 g/mol
n = 0.0167 mol
According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of salicylic acid reacts with 1 mole of acetic anhydride to produce 1 mole of acetylsalicylic acid. Therefore, the number of moles of acetylsalicylic acid produced is also 0.0167 mol.
The molar mass of acetylsalicylic acid is 180.16 g/mol. Therefore, the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid is:
mass = n x molar mass
mass = 0.0167 mol x 180.16 g/mol
mass = 3.01 g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid is 3.01 grams.
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Amount of CuO formed when 63.5 g of copper is heated strongly in air is:
Amount of Cuo formed when 63.5g of copper is heated strongly in air is
A:The mass of CuO formed when 63.5g of Copper is heated strongly in air is 79.5g
1.How do we determine the mass of Cuo formed ?
For that we have to write the balenced equation of the reaction and it is given below
2Cu + O2 -----> 2CuO
We have to determine mass of Cuo formed from the reaction
Molar mass of Cu = 63.55 g/mol
Mass of Cu from balenced equation = 2*63.55 = 127.1 g
Molar mass of CuO = 79.55 g/mol
Mass of Cuo from balenced equation = 2*79.55 = 159.1g
From balenced equation 127.1g of Cu reacted to form 159.1 g of CuO
Thus ,63.5 g of Cu will react to form = (63.5*159.1)/127.1 = 79.5 g
Mass of CuO formed is 79.5 g
2.How do you find the mass of a compound produced ?
Multiply atomic weight from periodic table of each element by the number of atoms of that element present in the compound . Add it all together and put units of grams/mole after the number
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Use the kinetic-molecular theory to explain each observation given.
a. Wax melts near the flame of a burning candle.
b. Liquid water may be converted into ice cubes in a freezer.
c. Ginger ale flows to match the shape of a glass.
d. Water gradually evaporates from a swimming pool.
e. Water vapor condenses inside house windows on cold days.
f. Snow gradually disappears, even when the tem- perature remains below freezing. g. Solids and liquids cannot be compressed as much as gases.
a. Wax melts near the flame of a burning candle because the kinetic-molecular theory states that the higher the temperature, the faster the molecules move. Since the flame of a burning candle is hot, the wax molecules move faster, allowing them to take up more space and eventually melt.
What is kinetic-molecular theory?The kinetic-molecular theory is based on the following five fundamental principles:
The average distances between the molecules that make up a gas are substantially bigger than the diameters of the individual molecules. When compared to the volume of the gas itself, the volume filled by the gas' molecules is insignificant.
In a perfect gas, neither the molecules nor the container walls are attracted to one another.
The molecules move randomly and continuously and, as physical objects, they are subject to Newton's laws of motion. Until they collide with one another or the container walls, the molecules move in a straight line.
Collisions are fully elastic; although two molecules' orientations and kinetic energies change when they collide, the overall kinetic energy is conserved. It is not "sticky" to collide.
The relationship between the average gas molecule kinetic energy and absolute temperature is direct. The word "average" is crucial in this context because individual molecules' velocities and kinetic energy will vary widely, with some even having zero velocities at specific times. This suggests that if the temperature were to drop to absolute zero, all molecular motion would stop.
Explanation:
b. Since a freezer is much colder than room temperature, the water molecules move very slowly and become organized, allowing them to form ice cubes.
c. All matter is made up of many small particles that are in constant motion. When the ginger ale is poured into the glass, the molecules of the liquid spread out to fill the shape of the glass due to their motion.
d. The molecules in a liquid are in constant motion, and that when they move, they bump into each other, passing energy from one to the other. This energy causes the particles to move faster. As they move faster, they create turbulence that causes them to break away from the liquid surface. These particles then form a vapor, which is an invisible form of water called water vapor. As these particles accumulate together, they gradually evaporate from the swimming pool, eventually diminishing its water level.
e. Water vapor condenses inside house windows on cold days because the molecules of water vapor slow down and as they lose energy they no longer have enough kinetic energy to remain in the gaseous state. The molecules then condense and form liquid water droplets on cool surfaces such as windows.
f. Snow gradually disappears even when the temperature remains below freezing because the heat stored in the snow starts to melt the snow. This occurs even when the outside temperature remains at freezing or below because the heat is released from the snow and warms the surrounding air.
g. Solids and liquids cannot be compressed as much as gases because the particles of gases have more energy and thus more freedom of movement than particles of solids and liquids. The particles of gases can move around and can occupy larger spaces than particles of solids and liquids, allowing them to be compressed more effectively.
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A sealed container holds 12.0 L of gas
at 2.5 atm pressure. A valve is opened
any some gas escapes. What happens
to the pressure in the container?
A. The pressure remains the same.
B. The pressure increases.
C. The pressure decreases.
A sealed container holds 12.0 L of gas at 2.5 atm pressure. A valve is opened and some gas escapes. The pressure decreases. Option C is correct.
When a valve is opened in a sealed container of gas, some of the gas molecules inside the container escape.
This means that the total number of gas molecules inside the container decreases, which in turn causes the pressure to decrease. This can be explained by the ideal gas law.
If some gas escapes from the sealed container, the number of gas molecules inside the container decreases.
As a result, the pressure inside the container decreases as well.
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Question 9 of 10
Which of the following is an example of a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
OA. NH4+
OB. F
OC. BF3
OD. NH3
SUBMIT
The correct answer is option A, [tex]NH_{4}^{+}[/tex] which is an example of a Brønsted-Lowry acid.
Brønsted-Lowry acid:
According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that donates a proton ([tex]H^{+}[/tex]), while a base is a substance that accepts a proton.
[tex]NH_{4}^{+}[/tex]can act as an acid because it can donate a proton to a base. In this case, [tex]NH_{4}^{+}[/tex]can donate a proton to a water molecule, forming [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] an H3O+. Therefore, [tex]NH_{4}^{+}[/tex]is an example of a Brønsted-Lowry acid.
Option B, F, is a Brønsted-Lowry base because it can accept a proton to form HF. Option C, [tex]BF_{3}[/tex], is not an acid or a base according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory because it does not contain any hydrogen atoms that can donate protons. Option D, [tex]NH_{3}[/tex], is a Brønsted-Lowry base because it can accept a proton to form [tex]NH_{4}^{+}[/tex].
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Complete question is: [tex]NH_{4}^{+}[/tex] is an example of a Brønsted-Lowry acid.
Which of the following reactions is associated with the lattice energy of MgSe (ΔH°latt)?
Mg(s) + Se(s) → MgS(s)
Mg2⁺(g) + Se2⁻(g) → MgSe(s)
Mg2⁺(aq) + Se2⁻(aq) → MgSe(s)
MgS(s) → Mg(s) + Se(s)
MgSe(s) → Mg2⁺(aq) + Se2⁻(aq)
Answer: Mg2⁺(g) + Se2⁻(g) → MgSe(s)
Explanation: This response includes the arrangement of one mole of MgSe(s) from its constituent vaporous particles, and the discharge of cross section vitality. The other responses recorded don't include the arrangement of MgSe from its constituent particles within the gas stage, so they are not related with the grid vitality of MgSe.