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The compound NH4Cl or ammonium chloride is composed of two ions: ammonium ion (NH4+) and chloride ion (Cl-). The ammonium ion is a polyatomic cation made up of one nitrogen atom and four hydrogen atoms, while the chloride ion is a monatomic anion made up of one chlorine atom.

The first quarter is the point in the lunar cycle where the moon is one (1) week after the new moon has risen. At first quarter, the moon will also be in its "waning gibbous" phase.

The moon is called a "new moon" when it lies between the sun and the Earth, as opposed to a "full moon," which occurs when the moon is directly above. Furthermore, because we cannot even see the new moon from Earth, unlike full moons, it appears as though it doesn't exist at all.

A half (1/2) or 50% of the moon is lighted during the waning gibbous phase, which occurs once per new moon.

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The energy change for the change in state of 1.0 mol H2O (l) at 79∘C to H2O(g) at 114∘C is 42,643 J/mol.

The heat capacity of a thing is the amount of energy needed to raise its temperature by one degree Celsius. The amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1oC is known as a substance's specific heat.

We have to calculate the power needed to warm one mole of liquid water from 79∘C to 100∘C:

q1 = nCΔT

= (1.0 mol)(75.3 J/molK)(100-79 K)

= 1593 J

we have to calculate the energy,

q2 = nΔHvap

= (1.0 mol)(40.7×10^3 J/mol)

= 40,700 J

Now, we have to calculate the energy,

q3 = nCΔT

q3 = (1.0 mol)(25.0 J/molK)(114-100 K)

q3 = 350 J

The total energy change is:

ΔE = q1 + q2 + q3

ΔE = 1593 J + 40,700 J + 350 J

ΔE = 42,643 J/mol

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0.86 moles of [tex]N_2[/tex] and 1.72 moles of Li will react.

We must place a 3 coefficient in front of Li in order to bring the equation into balance:

[tex]N_2 + 2Li = 2Li_3N[/tex]

The balanced equation demonstrates that 2 moles of Li and 1 mole of N2 react to create 2 moles of Li3N. Therefore, we can apply the following dimensional analysis to determine how many moles of Li will react with 0.86 moles of N2:

[tex]0.86 mol N_2 x (2 mol Li / 1 mol N_2) = 1.72 mol Li[/tex]

A declaration that two expressions with variables or integers are equal. In essence, equations are questions and attempts to systematically identify the solutions to these questions have been the driving forces behind the creation of mathematics.

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To solve molality use the following equation: ΔTb = Kb x molality.

Molality (m) is a measure of the concentration of a solution and is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. To calculate molality, follow these steps:

To find the boiling point of the solution (BP solutions), the boiling point elevation constant (Kb) of the solvent and the molality of the solution. With these values, we can use the following equation:

ΔTb = Kb x molality

where ΔTb is the boiling point elevation, Kb is the boiling point elevation constant of the solvent, and molality is the molal concentration of the solution.

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Photosynthesis is the method by which plants produce their own food. Plants and other living things employ the process of photosynthesis to transform light into chemical energy that is then stored as starch that can be used at a later time. A vital step in plant growth is photosynthesis.

As autotrophs, plants produce their own sustenance. During the process of photosynthesis, they turn water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide into oxygen or simple sugars that the plant uses as fuel. These fundamental producers, which form the basis of an ecosystem, provide food for subsequent trophic levels.

Plants use the energy of a sun's light during the process of photosynthesis. Where the carbon dioxide and water are combined to create glucose, which the plants use as nourishment, using the trapped light energy to convert into chemical energy.

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Answer:

The mass of the white solid calcium carbonate that forms is 0.300 g.

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of the white solid calcium carbonate that forms, we first need to determine the limiting reagent in the reaction between calcium nitrate and sodium carbonate. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

Ca(NO3)2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) → CaCO3(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)

From the equation, we can see that one mole of calcium nitrate reacts with one mole of sodium carbonate to produce one mole of calcium carbonate. Therefore, the limiting reagent is the one that produces the least amount of calcium carbonate.

To determine the limiting reagent, we need to calculate the moles of calcium nitrate and sodium carbonate used in the reaction:

Moles of calcium nitrate = volume of solution (L) x concentration (mol/L) = 25.0 L x 0.100 mol/L = 2.50 mol

Moles of sodium carbonate = volume of solution (L) x concentration (mol/L) = 0.0200 L x 0.150 mol/L = 0.00300 mol

Since the moles of sodium carbonate are much smaller than the moles of calcium nitrate, sodium carbonate is the limiting reagent.

The balanced chemical equation tells us that one mole of calcium carbonate is produced for every mole of sodium carbonate used. Therefore, the moles of calcium carbonate produced are also equal to 0.00300 mol.

Finally, we can calculate the mass of calcium carbonate produced using the molar mass of calcium carbonate:

Mass = moles x molar mass = 0.00300 mol x 100.1 g/mol = 0.300 g

Therefore, the mass of the white solid calcium carbonate that forms is 0.300 g.

Answer:

20 valence electrons

Explanation:

The number of valence electrons in carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and chlorine (Cl) are 4, 1, and 7, respectively. The number of total valence electrons (TVE) in CH₂Cl₂ is calculated as follows-

TVE in CH₂Cl₂ = valence electrons in C + 2(valence electrons in H) + 2(valence electrons in Cl)

= 4 + 2(1) + 2(7)

= 20

The balanced equation for the reaction of acetylene (C₂H₂) and oxygen (O₂) is; 2 C₂H₂(g) + 5 O₂(g) → 4 CO₂(g) + 2 H₂O(g) + heat

The coefficients in the balanced equation represent the stoichiometric ratio of the reactants and products in the chemical reaction. In this case, 2 molecules of acetylene (C₂H₂) react with 5 molecules of oxygen (O₂) to produce 4 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and 2 molecules of water (H₂O), along with the release of heat.

The balanced equation shows that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the sides of the equation, in accordance with the law of conservation of mass.

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The IUPAC name for this compound is 2,2-methyl-3ethylhexane.

The IUPAC terminology is based on the longest chain of carbons joined by a single bond, whether it be a continuous chain or a ring. Prefixes or suffixes are used to denote any modifications, regardless of whether they include multiple bonds or atoms other than carbon and hydrogen.

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry's (IUPAC) suggested system for naming organic chemical compounds is used in chemical nomenclature (IUPAC). The Organic Chemistry Nomenclature publishes. It is the organisation most renowned for its work establishing nomenclature standards in chemistry and other scientific disciplines.

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0.0882 moles of silver bromide (AgBr) will form.

calculating the number of moles of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) used in the reaction:

moles of AgNO₃ = mass / molar mass

The molar mass of AgNO₃ is:

AgNO₃: 107.87 + 14.01 + 3(16.00) = 169.87 g/mol

So, the number of moles of AgNO₃ used is:

moles of AgNO₃ = 15.0 g / 169.87 g/mol = 0.0882 mol

Since the reaction occurs in a 1:1 ratio of AgNO₃ to AgBr, the number of moles of AgBr produced will also be 0.0882 mol.

Therefore, 0.0882 moles of silver bromide (AgBr) will form.

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Answer:

Sugar

Explanation:

Glucose is a carbohydrate. Carbohydrates are mainly used for quick energy inside cells, but they also play an important role in cell structure and communication. Carbohydrates are macromolecules called polysaccharides, meaning they are made of many sugars.

This reaction has an activation energy of about 81.6 kJ/mol.

At 30 °C, the value of k is roughly 1.10 × 10¹³ s⁻¹.

a) To calculate the activation energy, use the Arrhenius equation:

k = A × e^(-Ea/RT)

where k = rate constant, A = pre-exponential factor, Ea = activation energy, R = gas constant, and T = temperature in Kelvin.

Use the given half-lives to calculate the rate constants at each temperature:

k₁ = 0.693 / t₁/2 = 0.693 / 22.5 = 0.0308 h⁻¹ at 20°C

k₂ = 0.693 / t₁/2 = 0.693 / 1.5 = 0.462 h⁻¹ at 40°C

Converting the temperatures to Kelvin:

T1 = 20°C + 273.15 = 293.15 K

T2 = 40°C + 273.15 = 313.15 K

Now use the Arrhenius equation to calculate the activation energy:

ln(k1/k2) = (Ea/R) × (1/T₂ - 1/T₁)

ln(0.0308/0.462) = (Ea/8.314) × (1/313.15 - 1/293.15)

-3.31 = (Ea/8.314) × (0.003386)

Ea = -3.31 × 8.314 / 0.003386 = 81570 J/mol

Therefore, the activation energy for this reaction is approximately 81.6 kJ/mol.

b) Use the Arrhenius equation again, with the given activation energy, A, and the new temperature (30°C = 303.15 K) to solve for k:

ln(k) = ln(A) - (Ea/R) × (1/T)

ln(k) = ln(2.05×10¹³) - (81570 / 8.314) × (1/303.15)

ln(k) = 31.87

k = e^(31.87) = 1.10 × 10¹³ s⁻¹

Therefore, the value of k at 30°C is approximately 1.10 × 10¹³ s⁻¹.

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The final temperature with Specific heat = 0.385 J/g °C for copper is 57.7 °C.

Specific heat is a measure of the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance. It is a physical property of a material and is usually measured in units of J/(g °C) or J/(g K).

q = m * c * ΔT

where q is the heat absorbed (in joules), m is the mass of the substance (in grams), c is the specific heat (in J/(g °C)), and ΔT is the change in temperature (in °C).

Plugging in the values,

6.30 kJ = 500.0 g * 0.385 J/(g °C) * ΔT

Simplifying the equation, we get:

ΔT = (6.30 kJ) / (500.0 g * 0.385 J/(g °C))

ΔT = 32.7 °C

The final temperature of the copper is as follows:

25 °C + 32.7 °C = 57.7 °C

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Explanation: The level of the liquid in a sealed jar decreases slightly due to the evaporation of some of the liquid molecules into the air space above the liquid. However, once the concentration of the liquid molecules in the air space reaches a certain level, the rate of evaporation will slow down. This is because the concentration of the liquid molecules in the air space will eventually reach a point where the rate of evaporation is balanced by the rate of condensation.

At this point, the liquid molecules in the air space will be colliding with the surface of the liquid at the same rate that liquid molecules are evaporating from the surface of the liquid. As a result, the level of the liquid will cease to change, and the liquid will remain at a stable level within the jar.

There are 1 lone pairs of electrons are in the ion OH⁻

Since oxygen creates two bonds, we know that two electrons are required to create those two bonds. There are now just two electron pairs remaining that are not involved in bonding. Oxygen thus contains two lone pairs.

The O and H atoms are connected by a solitary covalent link. The oxygen atom has a net -1 charge, which normally manifests as the whole charge on the OH- ion. On the O atom in the OH- Lewis structure, there exist lone electron pairs.

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a. On introducing 12g of HCl, 0.047 moles of sodium chloride are produced and b. On introducing 2.1 moles of sodium dichromate, 4.2 moles of chromium (III) chloride are produced.

Number of moles = Mass of the molecule (in grams) / Molar mass of the molecule (in grams per mole)

a. To solve this problem, we need to balance the chemical equation first:

Na₂Cr₂O7 + 14HCl → 2CrCl₃ + 2NaCl + 7Cl₂ + 7H₂O

The balanced equation shows that for every 14 moles of HCl, 2 moles of NaCl are produced.

So, to find the number of moles of NaCl produced from 12g of HCl, we first need to convert grams to moles using the molar mass of HCl.

Molar mass of HCl = 1.008 + 35.453 = 36.461 g/mol

Number of moles of HCl = mass / molar mass = 12g / 36.461 g/mol = 0.329 mol

Now, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the number of moles of NaCl produced:

2 moles NaCl / 14 moles HCl * 0.329 mol HCl = 0.047 moles NaCl

Therefore, 0.047 moles of sodium chloride are produced.

b. Using the balanced equation from part a, we can see that the mole ratio between sodium dichromate and chromium (III) chloride is 1:2.

So, if 2.1 moles of sodium dichromate are introduced, we can find the number of moles of chromium (III) chloride produced by multiplying the number of moles of sodium dichromate by the mole ratio:

2.1 moles Na₂Cr₂O₇ * 2 moles CrCl₃ / 1 mole Na₂Cr₂O₇ = 4.2 moles CrCl₃

Therefore, 4.2 moles of chromium (III) chloride are produced.

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Answer:

139.20856102 this is thee answer

Answer:

139,18

Explanation:

Answer:

The composition and properties of a substance are different from each other.

The composition of a substance is what he substance is made of.

Let's take water as an example. We know that the chemical formula for water is  . This tells us that water has 2 hydrogen molecules and 1 oxygen molecule. That is the composition of water.

The properties of a substance are how a substance appears and behaves both chemically and physically.

Again, let's use water as an example. Most times, water is a clear liquid. It freezes at 0 degrees Celsius and boils at 100 degrees Celsius. These are some of water's physical properties. Water also has many chemical properties; however, we needn't go into those.

Explanation:

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26.71 g mass of tin would be required to completely react with 1.20 L of 0.750 M HBr.

What is mass ?

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object or substance. It is often expressed in units of grams (g) or kilograms (kg). Mass is a fundamental property of matter and is different from weight, which is the force exerted on an object by gravity and varies depending on the object's location. Mass can be measured using a balance or scale, and is an important factor in many chemical calculations and experiments, such as determining the amount of reactants needed for a reaction or the concentration of a solution.

First, we need to determine the number of moles of HBr in the solution:

moles of HBr = Molarity x Volume

moles of HBr = 0.750 mol/L x 1.20 L

moles of HBr = 0.900 mol

According to the balanced chemical equation, 1 mole of Sn reacts with 4 moles of HBr to produce 1 mole of SnBr₄. Therefore, the number of moles of Sn required can be calculated as:

moles of Sn = (moles of HBr) / 4

moles of Sn = 0.900 mol / 4

moles of Sn = 0.225 mol

The molar mass of Sn is 118.71 g/mol, so the mass of Sn required can be calculated as:

mass of Sn = moles of Sn x molar mass of Sn

mass of Sn = 0.225 mol x 118.71 g/mol

mass of Sn = 26.71 g

Therefore, 26.71 g of tin would be required to completely react with 1.20 L of 0.750 M HBr.

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Complete question is:  26.71 g mass in grams of tin would be required to completely react with 1.20 L of 0.750 M HBr in the chemical reaction. Sn(s) + 4 HBr(aq) → SnBr₄ (aq) + 2 H₂ (g)

Answer:

Water is a non polar molecule

Explanation:

Water interacts differently with charged and polar substances than with nonpolar substances because of the polarity of its own molecules. Water molecules are polar, with partial positive charges on the hydrogens, a partial negative charge on the oxygen, and a bent overall structure.

Unitless calculations and rounding the final answer to the proper number of significant figures : a) 3.323   b)  5.8  c)  42.02  d) 15.7025

Significant figures represent the meaningful and reliable digits in a number.

a) 3.41 - 0.086652 = 3.323348

Since both numbers have four significant figures, the final answer should also have four significant figures. Therefore, rounding the final answer to four significant figures gives: 3.323

b) 17.441 / 3 = 5.813666666666666

The least precise value in this calculation is 3, which has only one significant figure. Therefore, rounding the final answer to one significant figure gives: 5.8

c) 21.01 * 2 = 42.02

Both numbers have four significant figures, so the final answer should also have four significant figures. Therefore, the final answer is: 42.02

d) 18.7644 - 3.472 + 0.4101 = 15.7025

All three numbers have five significant figures, so the final answer should also have five significant figures. Therefore, the final answer is: 15.7025.

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Considering both the forward and the reverse directions,  the Bronsted acids in the reaction is  H₂S and CH₃NH₃⁺. The correct option is B.

The chemical reaction is as :

CH₃NH₂(aq) + H₂S(aq) ⇄ CH₃NH₃⁺(aq) + HS⁻(aq)

According to the Bronsted - Lowry theory, acids are the substance that will donates the H⁺ ion or the proton and it will forms the conjugate base.

In the forward reaction, the H₂S donates the proton to the CH₃NH₂.

In the reverse reaction, the CH₃NH₃⁺ will donates the proton to the HS⁻.

Hence, the Bronsted - Lowry acids in the reversible reaction are H₂S and CH₃NH₃⁺. The option B is correct.

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Rhenium oxide is a chemical compound composed of rhenium and oxygen atoms. Its chemical formula is ReO3, and it is a black or dark gray solid with a crystalline structure. Rhenium oxide is a highly refractory material with a very high melting point and excellent thermal stability, which makes it useful in high-temperature applications such as furnace linings and electrical contacts. It is also used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions, including the production of synthetic ammonia and in the dehydrogenation of alcohols. Rhenium oxide is a relatively rare material and is generally produced as a byproduct of other mining and refining processes. It has a number of unique properties that make it valuable in a variety of industrial and scientific applications.

Total, 2 moles of iron (II) nitrate would be needed to produce a 4 moles of lithium nitrate.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is;

2Li + 1Fe(NO₃)₂ → 1Fe + 2LiNO₃

From this equation, we can see that 2 moles of lithium nitrate are produced for every 1 mole of iron (II) nitrate used.

To determine how many moles of iron (II) nitrate are needed to produce 4 moles of lithium nitrate, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation;

moles of LiNO₃ = 4

moles of Fe(NO₃)₂ = (4 mol LiNO₃) x (1 mol Fe(NO₃)₂ / 2 mol LiNO₃)

= 2 mol Fe(NO₃)₂

Therefore, 2 moles of iron (II) nitrate is needed to produce 4 moles of lithium nitrate.

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The volume (in liters) of ammonia, NH₃ produced from the reaction is 127 liters (option C)

First, we shall determine the mole in 17 g of H₂. Details below:

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of H₂ = 17/ 2

Mole of H₂ = 8.5 moles

Next, we shall determine the volume of H₂. Details below:

1 mole of hydrogen gas, H₂ = 22.4 Liters

Therefore,

8.5 moles of hydrogen gas, H₂ = (1.24 mole × 22.4 Liters) / 1 mole

8.5 moles of hydrogen gas = 190.4 liters

Finally, we shall determine the volume of ammonia, NH₃ produced. This is shown below:

N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) -> 2NH₃(g)

From the above equtaion,

3 liters of H₂ reacted with 2 liters of NH₃

Therefore

190.4 liters of H₂ will react = (190.4 liters × 2 liters) / 3 liters = 127 liters of NH₃

Thus, from the above illustration, we can conclude that the volume of ammonia, NH₃ produced  is 127 liters (option C)

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Mangrove trees' robust roots aid in stabilizing the soil and preventing soil erosion. This is especially crucial in swampy coastal locations, where the soil is frequently loose and prone to wind and wave erosion. Mangrove trees work to stabilize the coastline and stop land erosion by securing the soil in place.

Mangrove trees also aid in removing contaminants from the water, enhancing the quality of the water in coastal areas while serving as an essential home for a variety of wildlife species. Mangrove trees contribute significantly to environmental protection and are an essential component of coastal ecosystems.

Mangrove trees are crucial for environmental preservation because they hold the soil in place and stop erosion in marshy coastal areas. They also provide crucial habitats for numerous wildlife species, stabilize the coastline, and stop the land from being lost to erosion while enhancing water quality by filtering pollutants from the ocean.

Mangrove trees are an essential part of coastal ecosystems overall, and preserving them is essential for preserving a healthy and sustainable environment.

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The experiment employing these pipettes would most likely have a 5% error rate.

When your estimate aims at a known, accurate figure, percent error is a useful metric. Use it to measure how near an estimate is to the actual value, in general. When an approximation value is near to the true value, there are fewer mistakes.

The percent error is the distinction between the estimated value and the actual value in relation to the actual value. In other words, the relative error is multiplied by 100 to calculate the percent error.

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The moles of the ammonia that is produced is 3.33 moles.

Stoichiometry is an important tool in chemical analysis, and it is used in a wide range of industries, including pharmaceuticals, materials science, and environmental science.

The balanced reaction equation in this case can be given as;

[tex]N_{2} (g)+3H_{2} (g)--- > 2NH_{3} (g)[/tex]

If 3 moles of hydrogen produces 2 moles of ammonia

5 moles of hydrogen will produce 5 * 2/3

= 3.33 moles

Thus we have 3.33 moles of ammonia.

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