The influence of economists on trade policy is considerable, and they offer a compelling case for free trade and the elimination of trade obstacles.
Although trade liberalisation is the goal of a trade agreement, domestic and international political realities have a significant impact on the contents. Since David Ricardo first outlined the law of comparative advantage, the world has undergone significant change. As a result, economists have recently updated their theories to take into account trade in production factors like labour and capital, the expansion of supply chains that now account for a large portion of global trade, and the success of neomercantilist nations in achieving rapid growth. But, since Adam Smith's time, economic theory has changed significantly, and it has changed quickly.
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an accident of a large cargo ship in the suez canal in early 2021 disrupted global shipping traffic and the global economy. this narrow shipping lane is one of the few _______________around the world due to the importance and sensitivity of the trading routes.
90% of global trade, according to estimates, is shipped by water. As buyers, we almost ever consider the journey that the products we purchase take to arrive in our homes.
That is, until a situation arises that reveals the flaws in this international system, such as the recent grounding of the Ever Giving, a sizable container ship, in the Suez Canal. The container ship that is obstructing the strait, which connects the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea as a commerce route, has been attributed to strong winds. Nonetheless, catastrophic catastrophes are always a possibility because shipping is so dependent on such congested channels. As marine security researchers, we frequently model incidents like the Everglades
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what is the present value of $12,400 to be received 3 years from today if the discount rate is 5 percent?
The present value of $12,400 to be received 3 years from today if the discount rate is 5 percent is $10711.59.
Calculation of present value:
Present value = Future value / (1+r)^n
Here, Future value = $12400
r= Discount rate =5% = 0.05
n= Number of years =3
Hence Present value = 12400 / (1+0.05) ^3
= 12400 / 1.157625
= 10711.59
Hence Present value is $ 10711.59.
In finance, a discount is a reduction in the price or value of an asset, liability, or cash flow. It may be expressed as a percentage or dollar amount subtracted from the original price. Discounts are commonly used in a variety of financial contexts, including:
Bond prices: Discounted bond prices reflect the present value of the future cash flows from the bond.
Stock prices: Discounted stock prices may result from a lack of investor confidence or negative news about the company.
Cash flows: Future cash flows, such as dividends or lease payments, may be discounted to their present value in order to determine their current worth.
Retail sales: Retailers may offer discounts to customers to promote sales and move inventory. Discounts can have both positive and negative effects, depending on the context. In some cases, discounts can lead to increased sales and revenue, while in other cases they may signal a lack of demand or confidence in an asset or company.
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_____ are products or services that add additional value to the primary product or service that makes up a network.
a. Quantum efforts
b. Substitute components
c. Complementary benefits
d. Orthogonal gains
e. Standby additions
Quantum efforts are the products or services that add additional value to primary product or the service that makes up a network.
What is a network?A network refers to a collection of interconnected devices, such as computers, printers, and servers, that are linked together to enable communication and resource sharing. Networks can be classified based on their geographic scope, such as local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and metropolitan area network (MAN). They can also be classified based on their topology, which refers to the physical or logical arrangement of network devices and how they are connected to one another. Networks can be wired or wireless, and they can be configured to enable different types of communications, including voice, data, and multimedia. The use of networks has become increasingly essential in modern business and society, facilitating collaboration, information sharing, and remote access.
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7) explain why economists prefer efficient solutions to environmental problems.
Economists think that people operate in a rational manner, attempting to maximize their utility. Individuals acting in groups in accordance with these presumptions achieve economic efficiency and the highest feasible level of overall society benefit.
Why do economists choose them over laws as a means of keeping the environment pollution-free?Corrective taxes are preferred by economists over regulations as a means of preventing pollution in the environment because they can do it at a reduced cost to society. It is possible to impose a charge to reduce pollution to the same extent as a regulation.
How may economics be used to address environmental issues?Real earnings are increasing, allowing people to spend more money on environmental protection and mitigating the negative consequences of pollution. A higher output with less pollution can also be achieved thanks to economic growth brought on by increased technology.
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According to the resource-based view of a firm, what are defined as any asset, capability, or competency that a firm can draw upon when formulating and implementing strategy?
Resources are any asset, capability, or competency that a firm can use to develop and implement strategy, according to the resource-based perspective of a firm.
What are implementing strategies?Physical resources like manufacturing facilities and equipment, financial resources like cash on hand and credit lines, human resources like skilled labour and managerial skills, and intangible resources like intellectual property, brand reputation, and organisational culture can all be considered among these resources. The resource-based perspective highlights the significance of these resources in establishing a firm's persistent competitive advantage since they enable the establishment of distinctive talents and competencies that are challenging for rivals to imitate. A company may add value for customers, make money, and succeed in its industry over the long run by using its resources.
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what is a confounding variable
A confounding variable is a variable which is able to affect the other variables in a way which ends up producing distorted associations between the two variables.
A confounding variable is basically defined as an unmeasured third variable which happens to influence or confounds the relationship which exists between an independent variable as well as a dependent variable and it does so by suggesting the presence of some spurious correlation. We can say it basically interferes with the variables.
Because of the presence of the confounding variables in research, we should not assume that a correlation which exists between two variables happens to imply a causation.
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at the end of 2019, companies from one country collectively owned $18 billion in assets in the neighboring country. the $18 billion represents the __________ of fdi. A. stock B. flow C. outflow D. trend. E. exchange.
At the end of 2019, companies from one country collectively owned $18 billion in assets in the neighboring country. the $18 billion represents the Stock of FDI. Thus the correct option is A.
What is an asset?An asset is regarded as a resource of the company that will have economic value in the future and facilitates the smooth operation of commercial operations. Both fixed and current assets are included in it.
A stock is a form of ownership of particular goods. An individual has rights as a stockholder or shareholder and is responsible for paying dividends when they own stocks or shares in the market.
Therefore, option A is appropriate.
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The production benchmarks data on p. 6 of each issue of the Footwear Industry Report A. provide solid evidence of whether a company is managing its total compensation, workforce productivity, production labor costs, total production costs and reject rates as cost- efficiently as rival companies. B. are more useful to the managers of companies striving to compete successfully by selling below-average quality footwear at below average prices. C. are most useful to the managers of companies that are pursuing a strategy to produce and market top quality branded footwear sold at well above-average prices. D. provide solid evidence of whether a company's total production costs of branded footwear are low enough to enable the company to be attractively profitable.E. are less useful than the branded operating benchmarks shown on p. 7 of the Footwear Industry Report
The production benchmarks data of the footwear industry report provide solid evidence of whether a company is managing its total compensation, workforce productivity, production labor costs, total production costs, and reject rates as cost-efficiently as rival companies.
What is workforce productivity?
The quantity of goods and services that a group of employees create in a specific period of time is known as workforce productivity. It is one of many productivity metrics used by economics. A measure of an organization or business, a process, an industry, or a nation is workforce productivity, also known as labor productivity. Employee productivity, which is a measure used at the individual level based on the assumption that overall productivity can be broken down into increasingly smaller units until, ultimately, to the individual employee, is to be distinguished from workforce productivity.
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What happens to the equilibrium price and quantity when demand decreases and at the same time supply increases, but the demand shift is relatively larger than the supply shift? Both the equilibrium price and the equilibrium quantity will rise. The equilibrium price falls, and the equilibrium quantity rises. The equilibrium price rises, and the equilibrium quantity falls. Both the equilibrium price and quantity will fall.
2nd option is correct. If demand decreases and supply increases at the same time, but the shift in demand is relatively larger than the shift in supply, the equilibrium price will decrease and the equilibrium quantity will increase.
A decrease in demand leads to a decrease in the equilibrium price. Less quantity to deliver. An increase in supply leads to a decrease in the equilibrium price, all other things being equal. Demand increases.
When the supply curve shifts upwards, meaning that supply decreases but demand remains constant, the equilibrium price increases but quantity decreases. For example, a reduced supply of gasoline may increase the price of pumps.
When the supply of goods and services decreases for the same demand, prices tend to rise towards higher equilibrium prices and smaller quantities of goods and services. The same inverse relationship applies to demand for goods and services.
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place the levels of management in order from highest to lowest.
It is correct to rank management levels from highest to lowest as follows: administrative, managerial, or top level; executive, or middle level; and supervisory, or lower level.
What are the four levels of management?First-line managers, middle managers, top managers, and team leaders are the four most prevalent categories of managers. These positions vary not only in terms of the tasks they perform on a daily basis but also in terms of their overall role within the company and the types of workers they supervise.
What role in management has the lowest status?Lower-level managers are those that supervise, plan, and assign work to individual departmental employees directly. These are the organization's first-line managers, or entry-level managers, as well.
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which of these is most likely to be regarded as a capital expenditure rather than an operating expense?
The correct option is D, Roof replacementis most likely to be regarded as a capital expenditure rather than an operating expense.
Operating expense refers to the costs associated with the day-to-day functioning of a business or organization. These expenses include salaries and wages, rent, utilities, office supplies, equipment maintenance, advertising, legal and accounting services, and other costs related to the production or provision of goods and services.
Operating expenses are incurred as part of the normal course of business operations and are deducted from the revenue earned in calculating the net income or profit. Businesses often try to manage and minimize their operating expenses to improve their profitability, and several strategies can be adopted to achieve this goal, such as reducing waste and inefficiency, outsourcing non-core functions, negotiating better terms with suppliers, and streamlining processes.
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Complete Question: -
Which of these is most likely to be regarded as a capital expenditure rather than an operating expense?
A. Property taxes
B. Trash removal
C. Insurance payments
D. Roof replacement
when prior sales information is available, indirect forecasting is the best method to predict future sales.
True or False
When prior sales information is available, direct forecasting is generally considered the best method to predict future sales.
Therefore the answer is False.
Direct forecasting involves using historical data, such as sales figures or customer demand, to predict future sales. This approach is based on the assumption that past patterns or trends will continue into the future. Indirect forecasting, on the other hand, involves using external factors, such as economic indicators or industry trends, to predict future sales.
While indirect forecasting can be useful in situations where there is limited or no historical data available, it is generally considered less reliable than direct forecasting when historical data is available. Therefore, when prior sales information is available, direct forecasting is typically the preferred method to predict future sales.
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An investment by the stockholders in a business increases:
a) assets only.
b) liabilities and stockholders' equity.
c) assets and liabilities.
d) assets and stockholders' equity.
The assets and stockholders' equity of a company are increased by a stockholder investment.
A significant amount on the balance sheet is the stockholder equity, which shows the difference between a company's assets and liabilities. Stockholder equity will frequently increase when a company matures, but it's critical to comprehend the precise factors that influence this growth.
The most promising indicator of a successful business, from the viewpoint of an investor, is when it turns a profit. Yet, not all prosperous businesses see an increase in stockholder equity. The use of a company's profits will decide whether or not stockholder equity increases.
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When a government imposes penalties on both sellers and buyers of an illegal good, the price of the good ________ and the quantity ________. A.rises; might increase, decrease, or not change
B.falls; might increase, decrease, or not change
C.might rise, fall, or not change; decreases
D.falls; decreases
When a government imposes penalties on both sellers and buyers of an illegal good, the price of the good rises, and the quantity decrease.
Impact of fines levied by the government:
The cost of producing and consuming the illegal product rises as a result of the penalties. Vendors will be penalised for selling the item, raising their expenses and decreasing the profitability of selling the item at the same price. Customers will be penalised for buying the product, which will lower their willingness to pay for it and lower the quantity requested.
These fines will ultimately cause the demand and supply curves to shift to the left, raising prices and reducing the amount of the illegal product that is sold. Sellers will be required to pay a fine for distributing the product, which The elasticity of supply and demand for the illegal product will, however, determine exactly how much the price and quantity will change. As a result, the right response is (a) rises; may decline, increase, or not change.
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chapter 10: the global economy page(s) 274-275 10.2. what are the roots of today’s global economy? place the events of early european and asian trade in chronological order.
Industrialized former colonial powers, such as the United States, control the global economic system.
These states import cheap labor and raw materials from periphery nations, send them to the industrialized core, and then send them back to the periphery's markets. The interrelated international economic transactions that take place between many nations are referred to as the "global economy." These economic operations may benefit or harm the participating nations. Economic globalization is the term used to describe the rising interconnectedness of world economies as a result of the expanding size of cross-border trade in goods and services, the flow of capital across borders, and the wide-spread and quick adoption of technology.
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what is a primary metric for social media companies?
Engagement, impressions and reach, voice and share of voice, referrals and conversions, response rate and time are the most prevalent and frequently significant metrics to consider. You will have a 360-degree view of your social media marketing performance when these are combined.
One of the most important metrics most businesses track is conversion rates because they show you how much money your social media marketing is making. Your page's conversion rate is calculated by dividing the total number of visitors by the number of people who complete an action on your page. The most crucial social metric of all is engagement.
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What are the financial ratios that measure a firm's ability to pay its short term debts called?
While Financial ratios are focused on a longer term capability to pay off ongoing debts, liquidity ratios assess a company's capacity to meet quick obligations and cash flows.
Short term financial ratios what are they?The symbiotic relationship between current assets and current assets is gauged by short term liquidity ratios. Current liabilities are obligations that need to be paid within the next 12 months, such as trade creditors, bank overdrafts, PAYE, VAT, and any other sums.
What are ratios for short term solvency and liquidity?The company's capacity to pay off its short term debt commitments is the main focus of the liquidity ratio. The ability of the business to pay off its long-term financial obligations is the subject of the solvency ratio. The ability of the corporation to convert its assets will be evaluated by stakeholders using the liquidity ratio without much difficulty, into cash.
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an examination of the cash receipts and payments of xavier corporation reveals the following cash paid to suppliers for purchase of merchandise $5,000 cash received from customers 14,000 cash paid for purchase of equipment 22,000 dividends paid 2,000 cash received from issuance of preferred stock 10,000 interest received on short-term investments 1,000 wages paid 4,000 repayment of loan to the bank 5,000 cash from sale of land 12,000 xaviers cash flow from financing (cff) and cash flow from investing (cfi) will be:
If an examination of the cash receipts. Xavier Corporation's cash flow from financing (CFF) is $3,000 (cash inflow) and its cash flow from investing (CFI) is -$10,000 (cash outflow).
How to find cash flow from financing (cff) and cash flow from investing (cfi) ?Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash received from issuance of preferred stock: $10,000
Dividends paid: $2,000
Repayment of loan to the bank: $5,000
The total cash flow from financing (CFF) is the sum of these cash flows:
CFF = $10,000 - $2,000 - $5,000 = $3,000 (cash inflow)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash paid for purchase of equipment: $22,000
Cash from sale of land: $12,000
The total cash flow from investing (CFI) is the sum of these cash flows:
CFI = -$22,000 + $12,000 = -$10,000 (cash outflow)
Therefore, Xavier Corporation's cash flow from financing (CFF) is $3,000 (cash inflow) and its cash flow from investing (CFI) is -$10,000 (cash outflow).
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In an examination of the cash receipts and payments of Xavier corporation, cash flow from financing (CFF) is $3,000 and cash flow from investing (CFI) is -$10,000
Finding Cash flow from financing (CFF)Dividends paid: $2,000
Cash received from issuance of preferred stock: $10,000
Repayment of loan to the bank: $5,000
Therefore, the total cash flow from financing (CFF) is:
CFF = -$2,000 + $10,000 - $5,000 = $3,000
Finding Cash flow from investing (CFI)Cash paid for purchase of equipment: $22,000
Cash from sale of land: $12,000
Therefore, the total cash flow from investing (CFI) is:
CFI = -$22,000 + $12,000 = -$10,000
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How might a small business owner use technology to improve business? Your response should be at least 150 words.
got impatient, so i did it myself, no need to answer
Technology can be used by small business owners to increase productivity, streamline procedures, and improve business operations.
Here are some examples of how technology can help a small business:
Online presence: Small businesses can reach a wider audience and build brand awareness by having a website and active social media accounts.
E-commerce: Small businesses can sell goods and services online using e-commerce platforms, which can help them grow their clientele and boost sales.
Cloud computing: By enabling small businesses to store and access data from any location, cloud-based services can boost productivity and teamwork.
CRM software: CRM software can assist small businesses in managing customer interactions, tracking sales, and enhancing customer satisfaction.
Accounting software: Accounting software can be used to manage finances, keep track of expenses, and produce financial reports for small businesses.
Software for inventory management: Small businesses can benefit from an inventory management software.
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The essence of a contract is that it is a legally enforceable promise or set of promises.True or False
True. A contract is an agreement between two or more parties that creates legally binding obligations. In other words, a contract is a legally enforceable promise or set of promises.
There are several elements that must be present for a contract to be enforceable. These include: Offer: An offer is a proposal to enter into a contract, made by one party to another. It must be specific and definite. Acceptance: Acceptance is the agreement by the other party to the terms of the offer. It must be unqualified and unequivocal.
Consideration: Consideration is something of value that is exchanged between the parties, such as money, goods, or services. Intention to create legal relations: The parties to the contract must intend to create a legally binding agreement. Consent: The parties must enter into the contract freely and voluntarily, without coercion or fraud.
In conclusion, a contract is a legally binding agreement that is enforceable in a court of law. It involves an offer, acceptance, consideration, intention to create legal relations, capacity to contract, and consent.
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what is the purpose of performance indicator identification?
The purpose of performance indicator identification is to define the specific metrics that will be used to measure the performance of an organization, team, or individual.
Performance indicators are often referred to as key performance indicators (KPIs) and are used to track progress towards achieving specific goals and objectives.
By identifying performance indicators, organizations can establish clear benchmarks for success, monitor progress, and identify areas that require improvement. Performance indicators can be used to track a wide range of activities, such as sales, customer satisfaction, employee productivity, and operational efficiency.
The process of performance indicator identification involves selecting the most relevant and meaningful metrics, based on the organization's goals and priorities.
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describe why corporations became popular
Corporations became popular because they offered several advantages over other business structures, including limited liability, flexibility, and access to capital.
They also benefited from government policies and laws that encouraged their formation and growth. Today, corporations are a dominant form of business organization, and they play a significant role in the global economy.
In addition, corporations offered several advantages over other business structures, such as sole proprietorships and partnerships. One of the key advantages was limited liability, which meant that the personal assets of shareholders were protected in the event of business failure or legal action. This gave investors more confidence to invest in businesses and reduced the risks associated with business ownership.
Corporations also allowed for greater flexibility in terms of ownership, management, and operations. They made it easier to transfer ownership, raise capital through the sale of stocks or bonds, and hire professional managers to run the business. This helped to professionalize business operations and improve efficiency and profitability.
Another factor that contributed to the popularity of corporations was government policies and laws that favored their formation and growth. For example, governments provided tax breaks and subsidies to corporations, and allowed them to operate across state and national borders, which facilitated their expansion and growth.
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On december 1, the company paid $12,000 for 12 months of insurance coverage beginning on that date. the payment was recorded with a debit in that amount to the insurance expense account. Complete the necessary December 31 adjusting entry.
Answer:
The necessary December 31 adjusting entry would be a credit to the insurance expense account for $1,000 and a debit to the prepaid insurance asset account for $1,000. This entry reflects the insurance coverage that has been paid for, but will not be used until the following month.
what is the best measure of adjustment to long-run economic growth?
The best measure of adjustment to long-run economic growth is "real gross domestic or GDP product or service".
The GDP is term in the economics or gross domestic product is the monetary method to measure of the market value or all the final products or services which is sold in the specific time period in the country.
The long-run adjustment is the process which an economy return to the full employment outcome without the government intervention. The long-run economic growth is defined as the economy's ability which create more product or services with the given interval of time.
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What pope launched a fundraising drive to rebuild st peters basilica? What did his agents sell to raise money?
The pope who launched the fundraising was Pope Leo X, who was the head of the Catholic Church from 1513 to 1521. Pope Leo X's agents sold indulgences to raise money for the rebuilding of St. Peter's Basilica.
Pope Leo X undertook a massive renovation project of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, which was badly in need of repairs and expansion. To finance this ambitious project, he launched a fundraising drive that involved selling indulgences to raise money.
Indulgences were essentially certificates that granted a person absolution from sin, either for themselves or for someone else who was already dead and in purgatory. The idea was that by purchasing an indulgence, the buyer could reduce their time in purgatory and receive forgiveness for their sins.
Pope Leo X's agents sold these indulgences across Europe, often using persuasive rhetoric and marketing techniques to encourage people to donate to the renovation project.
This fundraising effort, however, sparked controversy and led to a backlash from many religious reformers who saw it as a corruption of the church's teachings and practices. The sale of indulgences ultimately became a significant point of contention during the Protestant Reformation.
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paul krugman characterizes strategic trade policy as being:_____.
Paul Krugman characterizes strategic trade policy as being a boost to national income at the expense of other countries.
According to Paul Krugman, strategic trade policy boosts national income at the expense of other nations. A government's deliberate attempts to influence international trade in order to advance home industries and raise national income are referred to as elaborate strategic trade policy.
This policy is justified by the idea that by supporting specific industries, a nation can gain a competitive edge in the international market, which can then result in higher exports and national income.
In a scenario involving a strategic trade policy, a government may offer subsidies or other forms of assistance to its domestic businesses in a sector where it possesses market dominance in an effort to aid those businesses in gaining a larger share of the global market.
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If a beneficiary is NOT named for annuity benefits, to which entity will the benefit be paid?
A The next of kin
B The state government
C The insurance company
D The annuitant's estate
Option D is correct. If the beneficiary of the pension benefit is not specified, the benefit is paid to the pensioner's estate unit.
An annuity death benefit is paid to the beneficiary when the annuitant dies. The death benefit generally corresponds to the annuity value at the time of the policyholder's death. If the policyholder dies before receiving the annuity, the beneficiary receives a lump sum.
If the policyholder dies after receiving payments (start of the annuity), the beneficiary will typically continue to receive these payments or not receive them at all. If the pension is set up as a survivor's pension, the surviving spouse will receive payments after the death of the first spouse. If the spouse is not alive, the beneficiary specified in the annuity contract will receive the payment.
An annuity is a great way to save for retirement. It protects you from longevity risk and protects you from market risk. Lottery winners, retirees, and owners of structured payments often use annuities because they help them know how much money they have now and in the future.
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which of these areas are not typically done within operations and supply chain management?
Operational and supply chain management often do not manufacture these sectors.
Coordination of the many tasks required to create and deliver goods and services to clients is known as supply chain management. Designing, farming, manufacturing, packaging, and shipping are a few examples of supply chain activities.
The four components of the supply chain—integration, operations, purchasing, and distribution—work together to create a path to competitiveness that is both affordable and effective. the three major issues that global supply chains must overcome: a lack of skilled workers, a lack of equipment, and the spillover effects of global bottlenecks. how businesses are coping with the ongoing uncertainty of the environment.
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hich of the following statements are true? multiple select question. if market value is less that actual cost, the inventory must be valued at actual cost. the most common practice is to apply lower-of-cost-or-market to each individual inventory item. gaap requires that ending inventory be reported at lower-of-cost-or-market, regardless of the cost flow method used.
The following statements that are true are GAAP requires that ending inventory be reported at the lower-of-cost-or-market, regardless of cost flow method used and if market value is less than actual cost.
What is market value?Market value is the current estimated worth of a company or asset based on its perceived value in the marketplace. It is determined by the forces of supply and demand, and reflects the price at which buyers and sellers are willing to transact. Market value is influenced by various factors such as financial performance, industry trends, economic conditions, and investor sentiment. It is often used by investors, analysts, and business owners to assess the potential profitability and growth prospects of a company or asset. Market value is not a fixed or static measure, and can fluctuate based on changing market conditions and events. It is an important metric for making investment decisions and evaluating the performance of a business.
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the production possibilities model holds _______________ and _____________ constant. a. resources; technology b. land; labor c. labor; capital d. growth; human capital
The production possibilities model is a tool used in economics to demonstrate the maximum production possibilities for two goods or services. It holds resources and technology constant. Here option D is the correct answer.
The model assumes that a given amount of resources is available to produce a combination of goods. The production of one good comes at the cost of the production of the other good. This is known as the opportunity cost, which refers to the value of the next best alternative foregone.
By holding resources constant, the model assumes that there is no increase or decrease in the available factors of production such as labor, capital, or land. This means that the economy is operating at a fixed level of resources.
By holding technology constant, the model assumes that the production techniques or methods used to produce the two goods do not change. This allows the model to focus solely on the trade-offs between the two goods and how to optimize production.
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